畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)課程設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算書(shū)1

1、土木工程系土木建筑學(xué)院課程設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)題目: 混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)課程設(shè)計(jì)專(zhuān)業(yè)班級(jí)：城市地下空間工程10-1班 學(xué) 號(hào)： 2010304447 學(xué)生姓名： 李 飛 指導(dǎo)教師： 汪 匯 2013年 6月15日 目 錄1、樓蓋梁格布置及截面尺寸確定.12、板的設(shè)計(jì)按考慮塑性內(nèi)力重分布設(shè)計(jì).2（1）、荷載計(jì)算.2（2）、計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖.2（3）、彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值.2（4）、配筋計(jì)算正截面受彎承載力計(jì)算.3（5）、板的配筋圖繪制.33、次梁設(shè)計(jì)按考慮塑性內(nèi)力重分布設(shè)計(jì).5（1）、荷載設(shè)計(jì)值.5（2）、計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖.5（3）、彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值和剪力設(shè)計(jì)值的計(jì)算.5（4）、配筋計(jì)算.6（5）、施工圖的繪制.74、主梁設(shè)計(jì)主梁內(nèi)力按彈性理論

2、設(shè)計(jì).9（1）、荷載設(shè)計(jì)值.9（2）、計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖.9（3）、內(nèi)力設(shè)計(jì)值計(jì)算及包絡(luò)圖繪制.9（4）、配筋計(jì)算承載力計(jì)算.12（5）、主梁正截面抗彎承載力圖（材料圖）、縱筋的彎起和截?cái)?125、 設(shè)計(jì)體會(huì)及今后的改進(jìn)意見(jiàn).14參考文獻(xiàn).15圖紙.16鋼筋混凝土單向板肋梁樓蓋設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算書(shū)1.樓蓋梁格布置及截面尺寸確定確定主梁的跨度為6.9m，次梁的跨度為6.9m，主梁每跨內(nèi)布置兩根次梁，板的跨度為2.3m。樓蓋結(jié)構(gòu)的平面布置圖如圖所示。按高跨比條件要求板的厚度hl/40=2300/40=57.5mm，對(duì)工業(yè)建筑的樓板，要求h80mm，所以板厚取h=80mm。次梁截面高度應(yīng)滿足(1/18 1/12)l=(

3、1/18 1/12)6900=383 575mm，取h=500mm，截面寬b=(1/3 1/2)h=(1/3 1/2) 500=167 250mm，取b=200mm。主梁截面高度應(yīng)滿足h=(1/14 1/8 )l=(1/14 1/8) 6900=493863mm,取h=650mm，截面寬度b=(1/3 1/2)h=(1/3 1/2) 650=217 325mm,取b=300mm。2.板的設(shè)計(jì)按考慮塑性內(nèi)力重分布設(shè)計(jì)（1）、荷載計(jì)算恒荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值20mm厚水泥沙漿面層：0.02 20=0.4 kn/80mm厚鋼筋混凝土板：0.0825=2.0 kn/15mm厚混合沙漿天棚抹灰：0.01517=0.

4、255 kn/小計(jì) 2.655 kn/ 活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值： 8.0 kn/因?yàn)槭枪I(yè)建筑樓蓋且樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值大于，所以活荷載分項(xiàng)系數(shù)取1.3， 恒荷載設(shè)計(jì)值：g=2.6551.2=3.186 kn/ 活荷載設(shè)計(jì)值：q=8.01.3=10.4kn/ 荷載設(shè)計(jì)總值：g+q=13.568kn/, 近似取13.6kn/（2）、計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖取1m板寬作為計(jì)算單元，板的實(shí)際結(jié)構(gòu)如圖所示，由圖可知：次梁截面寬為b=200mm，現(xiàn)澆板在墻上的支承長(zhǎng)度為a=，則按塑性內(nèi)力重分布設(shè)計(jì)，板的計(jì)算跨度為：邊跨按以下二項(xiàng)較小值確定： l01=ln+h/2=(2300-120-200/2)+80/2=2120mm l011=l

5、n+a/2=(2300-120-200/2)+120/2=2140mm故邊跨板的計(jì)算跨度取lo1=2120mm中間跨： l02=ln=2300-200=2100mm板的計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖如圖所示。（3）、彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值因邊跨與中跨的計(jì)算跨度相差（2120-2100）/2100=0.95%小于10%，可按等跨連續(xù)板計(jì)算由資料可查得：板的彎矩系數(shù)m,，板的彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值計(jì)算過(guò)程見(jiàn)下表板的彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值的計(jì)算截面位置1邊跨跨中b離端第二支座2中間跨跨中c中間支座彎矩系數(shù)1/11-1/111/16-1/14計(jì)算跨度l0(m)l01=2.12l01=2.12l02=2.10l02=2.10(kn.m)13.62.122.12

6、/11=5.56-13.62.122.12/11=-5.5613.62.102.10/16=3.75-13.62.102.10/14=-4.28（4）、配筋計(jì)算正截面受彎承載力計(jì)算板厚80mm,ho=80-20=60mm,b=1000mm,c30混凝土 a1=1.0,fc=14.3n/ mm2，hrb335鋼筋，fy=300n/ mm2。 對(duì)軸線間的板帶，考慮起拱作用，其跨內(nèi)2截面和支座c截面的彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值可折減20%，為了方便，近似對(duì)鋼筋面積折減20%。板配筋計(jì)算過(guò)程見(jiàn)表。 板的配筋計(jì)算截面位置1b2c 彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值（）5.56-5.563.75-4.28s=m/1fcbh020.108-0.1

7、080.073-0.084 0.1150.1-0.1150.350.0970.1-0.0880.35軸線 計(jì)算配筋（mm2）as=bh01fc/fy329-329277262實(shí)際配筋（mm2）10230102308180 8190as=341as=341as=279as=264軸線計(jì)算配筋（mm2）as=bh01fc/fy3293290.8277=222 0.8262=210實(shí)際配筋（mm2）102301023081808190as=341as=341as=279as=264配筋率驗(yàn)算pmin= 0.45ft/fy=0.451.43/300=0.21%p=as/bh =0.43%p=as/bh

8、 =0.43%p=as/bh =0.47%p=as/bh =0.44%（5）、板的配筋圖繪制板中除配置計(jì)算鋼筋外，還應(yīng)配置構(gòu)造鋼筋如分布鋼筋和嵌入墻內(nèi)的板的附加鋼筋。板的配筋圖如圖所示。3.次梁設(shè)計(jì)按考慮塑性內(nèi)力重分布設(shè)計(jì)（1）、荷載設(shè)計(jì)值恒荷載設(shè)計(jì)值 板傳來(lái)的荷載：3.1862.0=6.372kn/m次梁自重： 0.2（0.5-0.08）251.2=2.52 kn/m次梁粉刷： 20.015（0.5-0.08）171.2=0.257 kn/m小計(jì) g=9.149 kn/m活荷載設(shè)計(jì)值： q=10.42.0=20.8kn/m荷載總設(shè)計(jì)值： q+g=20.8+9.149=29.949 kn/m

9、近似取荷載29.95kn/m（2）、計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖由次梁實(shí)際結(jié)構(gòu)圖可知，次梁在墻上的支承長(zhǎng)度為a=240mm，主梁寬度為b=300mm。次梁的邊跨的計(jì)算跨度按以下二項(xiàng)的較小值確定： l01=ln+h/2=(6900-120-300/2)+240/2=6750mm l011=1.025ln=1.0256900=7073mm故邊跨板的計(jì)算跨度取lo1=6750mm中間跨： l02=ln=6900-300=6600mm計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖如圖所示。（3）、彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值和剪力設(shè)計(jì)值的計(jì)算因邊跨和中間跨的計(jì)算跨度相差（6750-6600）/6600=2.3%小于10%，可按等跨連續(xù)梁計(jì)算。 由表可分別查得彎矩系數(shù)和剪力系數(shù)

10、。次梁的彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值和剪力設(shè)計(jì)值見(jiàn)表：次梁的彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值的計(jì)算截面位置1邊跨跨中b離端第二支座2中間跨跨中c中間支座彎矩系數(shù)1/11-1/111/16-1/14計(jì)算跨度l0(m)l01=6.75l01=6.75l02=6.6l02=6.6(kn.m)29.956.752/11=124.05-29.956.752/11=-124.0529.956.62/16=81.54-29.956.62/14=-93.19次梁的剪力設(shè)計(jì)值的計(jì)算截面位置a邊支座 b(左) 離端第二支座b(右) 離端第二支座c中間支座剪力系數(shù) 0.450.60.550.55凈跨度lnln1=6.63ln1=6.63ln2=6.6ln

11、2=6.6(kn)0.4529.956.63=89.36kn0.629.956.63=119.14kn0.5529.956.6=108.72kn0.5529.956.6=108.72kn（4）、配筋計(jì)算 正截面抗彎承載力計(jì)算次梁跨中正彎矩按t形截面進(jìn)行承載力計(jì)算，其翼緣寬度取下面二項(xiàng)的較小值：bf=lo/3=6900/3=2300mmbf=b+sn=200+2300-200=2300mm 故取bf2300mm c30混凝土 a1=1.0, fc=14.3n/ mm2, ft=1.43n/ mm2 ; 縱向鋼筋采用hrb335，fy=300 n/ mm2 , 箍筋采用hpb235（沒(méi)有換？），f

12、yv=210 n/ mm2 ,ho=500-35=465mm。 判別跨中截面屬于哪一支座截面按矩形截面計(jì)算，正截面承載力計(jì)算過(guò)程列于表。次梁正截面受彎承載力計(jì)算截面1b2c 彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值（）124.05-124.0581.54-93.19s=m/1fcbh02124.05106/(114.323004652)=0.017124.05106/(114.32004652)=0.20181.54106/(114.323004652)=0.01193.19106/(114.32004652)=0.1510.0170.10.2270.350.0110.10.1650.35選配鋼筋計(jì)算配筋（mm2）as=b

13、h01fc/fy0.0172300465114.3/300=866.70.227200465114.3/300=1006.30.0112300465114.3/300=560.80.165200465114.3/300=731.4實(shí)際配筋（mm2）218+122222+118122+ 212220+112as=889.1as=1014.5as=606.1as=741.1斜截面受剪承載力計(jì)算(包括復(fù)核截面尺寸、腹筋計(jì)算和最小配箍率驗(yàn)算)。復(fù)核截面尺寸： hw =ho- bf=465-80=385mm且hw/b=465/200=1.93 vmax =119.14kn故截面尺寸滿足要求次梁斜截面承載

14、力計(jì)算見(jiàn)下表：截 面acv89.36119.14108.72108.72332.5v截面滿足332.5v截面滿足332.5v截面滿足332.5v截面滿足93.1v不需配箍筋93.1v需配箍筋93.1v需配箍筋93.1v滿足120.1v滿足120.1v滿足（5）、施工圖的繪制次梁配筋圖如圖所示，其中次梁縱筋錨固長(zhǎng)度確定：伸入墻支座時(shí)，梁頂面縱筋的錨固長(zhǎng)度按下式確定：l=la =a fy d/ft=0.1430022/1.43=646.2取650mm.伸入墻支座時(shí)，梁底面縱筋的錨固長(zhǎng)度按確定：l=12d=1218=216mm,取250mm.梁底面縱筋伸入中間支座的長(zhǎng)度應(yīng)滿足l12d=1222=26

15、4mm，取300mm.縱筋的截?cái)帱c(diǎn)距支座的距離: l=ln/5+20d=6622/5+2022=1764.4mm, 取1800mm.4.主梁設(shè)計(jì)主梁內(nèi)力按彈性理論設(shè)計(jì) （1）荷載設(shè)計(jì)值。（為簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算，將主梁的自重等效為集中荷載）次梁傳來(lái)的荷載： 9.1496.9=63.13kn主梁自重（含粉刷）：（0.65-0.08）0.32.025+2（0.65-0.08）0.015172.0 1.2 =10.958kn恒荷載設(shè)計(jì)值： g=63.13+10.958=74.088kn 取g=74.1(83)kn活荷載設(shè)計(jì)值： q=20.86.9=143.52kn 取q=143.5(81)kn （2）計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖主

16、梁的實(shí)際結(jié)構(gòu)如圖所示,主梁端部支承在墻上的支承長(zhǎng)度a=370mm,中間支承在400mm400mm的混凝土柱上,其計(jì)算跨度按以下方法確定:邊跨: lo1= ln+a/2+b/2=(6900-200-120)+400/2+400/2=6980mm lo1=1.025ln+b/2=1.025(6900-200-120)+200=6945mm故l01取6945mm中跨 l02=6900mm計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖如圖所示，因跨度相差不超過(guò)10%，可按等跨連續(xù)梁計(jì)算。（3）、內(nèi)力設(shè)計(jì)值計(jì)算及包絡(luò)圖繪制彎矩值計(jì)算：，式中k1和k2由附表1查得m1,max=0.24474.16.945+0.289143.56.945=12

17、5.57+288.02=413.59knmmb,max =-0.26774.16.945-0.311143.56.945=-137.40-287.85=-425.25 knmm2,max =0.06774.16.90+0.200143.56.945=34.26+199.32=233.58 knm 主梁的彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值計(jì)算（）項(xiàng)次荷載簡(jiǎn)圖 彎矩圖示意圖1恒載0.244125.6-0.2674-136.70.06734.3-0.2674-136.72活載0.289288.0-0.133-131.7-0.133-132.5-0.133-131.7 3活載-0.044-43.9-0.133-131.70.

18、200199.2-0.133-131.7 4活載0.229228.2-0.311-310.00.09695.6-0.089-88.15活載-0.089/3-29.6-0.089-88.10.17169.3-0.311-307.9組合項(xiàng)次mmin(knm)+81.7+-446.7+-98.2+-444.6組合項(xiàng)次mmax(knm)+413.6+-224.8+233.5+-224.8、剪力設(shè)計(jì)值：不同截面的剪力值經(jīng)過(guò)計(jì)算如表所示。va,max=0.73374.1+0.866143.5=54.31+124.27=178.58knvbl,max=-1.26774.1-1.311143.5=-93.88

19、-188.13=-282.01knvbr,max=1.074.1+1.222143.5=74.1+175.36=249.46kn 主梁的剪力計(jì)算（kn）項(xiàng)次荷載簡(jiǎn)圖 恒載0.73354.3-1.267-93.91.0074.1活載0.866124.3-1.134-162.700活載0.68998.9-1.311-188.11.222175.4活載-0.089-12.8-0.089-12.80.788113.1組合項(xiàng)次vmax(kn) +178.6+-106.7+249.5組合項(xiàng)次vmin(kn) +41.5+-282.0+74.1彎矩、剪力包絡(luò)圖繪制荷載組合+時(shí)，出現(xiàn)第一跨跨內(nèi)最大彎矩和第二跨

20、跨內(nèi)最小彎矩，此時(shí)，ma=0， mb=-136.7-131.7=-268.4 kn . m，以這兩個(gè)支座的彎矩值的連線為基線，疊加邊跨載集中荷載g+q=74.1+143.5=217.6kn作用下的簡(jiǎn)支梁彎矩圖：則第一個(gè)集中荷載下的彎矩值為1/3(g+q)l01 -1/3mb=(74.1+143.5) 6.945/3-268.4/3=414.3 kn . m mmax =413.6kn。第二集中荷載作用下彎矩值為1/3(g+q) l01 -2/3mb=(74.1+143.5) 6.945/3-268.42/3=324.8kn . m。中間跨跨中彎矩最小時(shí)，兩個(gè)支座彎矩值均為268.4knm，以此

21、支座彎矩連線疊加集中荷載。則集中荷載處的彎矩值為1/3 g l02mb =74.16.9/3-268.4=-97.97 knm.荷載組合+時(shí)支座最大負(fù)彎矩mb=-446.7 knm其它兩個(gè)支座的彎矩為ma=0， mc=-224.8 knm，在這三個(gè)支座彎矩間連線，以此連線為基線，于第一跨、第二跨分別疊加集中荷在g+q時(shí)的簡(jiǎn)支梁彎矩圖：則第一個(gè)集中荷載下的彎矩值為1/3(g+q)l01 -1/3mb=(74.1+143.5) 6.945/3-446.7/3=354.8 kn . m。第二集中荷載作用下彎矩值為1/3(g+q) l01 -2/3mb=(74.1+143.5) 6.945/3-446

22、.72/3=205.9kn . m。同理，當(dāng)mc最大時(shí)，集中荷載下的彎矩倒位排列。荷載組合+時(shí)，出現(xiàn)邊跨跨內(nèi)彎矩最小與中間跨跨中彎矩最大。此時(shí)mb= mc=-268.4 knm，第一跨在集中荷載g作用下的彎矩值分別為：g l01 /3-1/3mb=74.1 6.945/3-268.41/3=81.8knm。g l01 /3-2/3mb=74.1 6.945/3-268.42/3=-7.4kn . m。第二跨在集中荷載g+q作用下的彎矩值為324.8kn m +情況的彎矩按此方法計(jì)算。所計(jì)算的跨內(nèi)最大彎矩與表中有少量的差異，是因?yàn)橛?jì)算跨度并非嚴(yán)格等跨所致。主梁的彎矩包絡(luò)圖見(jiàn)下圖。荷載組合+時(shí)，v

23、amax=178.6kn，至第二跨荷載處剪力降為178.6-217.6=39.0kn；至第二集中荷載處剪力降為 39.0217.6=256.6kn，荷載組合+時(shí)，最大，其vbl=-282.0kn，則第一跨中集中荷載處剪力順次為（從左到右）153.2kn,64.6kn,其余剪力值可按此計(jì)算。主梁的剪力包絡(luò)圖見(jiàn)圖。（4）配筋計(jì)算承載力計(jì)算c30混凝土，a1=1.0, fc=14.3n/ mm2 , ft=1.43 n/ mm2 ; 縱向鋼筋hrb335 ，其中fy=300 n/ mm2 ,箍筋采用hpb235 ，fyv=210 n/ mm2 .正截面受彎承載力計(jì)算及縱筋的計(jì)算跨中正彎矩按形截面計(jì)算

24、，因翼緣計(jì)算寬度按lo/3=6.9/3=2.3m和b+sn=0.3+6.9-0.3=6.9m，中較小值確定，取bf=2300mmb支座處的彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值：mb= mmax-vob/2=-413.6+217.60.4/2=-370.1 knm判別跨中截面屬于哪一類(lèi)t形截面 a1fcbfhf(ho-hf/2)=1.014.3230080(615-40)=1512.9(1094.8) knm m1m2屬于第一類(lèi)t形截面.正截面受彎承載力的計(jì)算過(guò)程如下:表1-15主梁正截面受彎承載力及配筋計(jì)算截面1b2彎矩設(shè)計(jì)值（kn.m）413.6370.1233.598.2s=m/1fcbh020.0420.2560

25、.0220.0630.0430.5180.3010.5180.0220.5180.0650.518選配鋼筋計(jì)算配筋（mm2）as=bh01fc/fy2418.63448.41289.9557.7實(shí)際配筋(mm2)722622220422220as=2660as=3222as=1520as=628箍筋計(jì)算斜截面受剪承載力計(jì)算 驗(yàn)算截面尺寸：hw =ho- bf=580-80=500mm且hw/b=500/300=1.7 vmax =282.0kn故截面尺寸滿足要求斜截面配筋計(jì)算：截 面av178.6-282.0249.5659.6v截面滿足622.1v截面滿足622.1v截面滿足184.7v不需

26、配箍筋286.8v不需配箍筋286.8v不需配箍筋（5）、主梁正截面抗彎承載力圖（材料圖）、縱筋的彎起和截?cái)?按比列繪出主梁的彎矩包絡(luò)圖按同樣比列繪出主梁的抗彎承載力圖（材料圖），并滿足以下構(gòu)造要求：彎起鋼筋之間的間距不超過(guò)箍筋的最大容許間距smax；鋼筋的彎起點(diǎn)距充分利用點(diǎn)的距離應(yīng)大于等于h0/2。按課本所述的方法繪材料圖，并用每根鋼筋的正截面抗彎承載力直線與彎矩包絡(luò)圖的交點(diǎn)，確定鋼筋的理論截?cái)帱c(diǎn)（即按正截面抗彎承載力計(jì)算不需要該鋼筋的截面）。當(dāng)時(shí)，且其實(shí)際截?cái)帱c(diǎn)到理論截?cái)帱c(diǎn)的距離不應(yīng)小于等于h0或20d，鋼筋的實(shí)際截?cái)帱c(diǎn)到充分利用點(diǎn)的距離應(yīng)大于等于。若按以上方法確定的實(shí)際截?cái)帱c(diǎn)仍位于負(fù)彎矩

27、的受拉區(qū)，其實(shí)際截?cái)帱c(diǎn)到理論截?cái)帱c(diǎn)的距離不應(yīng)小于等于1.3h0或20d。鋼筋的實(shí)際截?cái)帱c(diǎn)到充分利用點(diǎn)的距離應(yīng)大于等于。 主梁縱筋的伸入墻中的錨固長(zhǎng)度的確定：梁頂面縱筋的錨固長(zhǎng)度：l=la =a fy d/ft=0.1430022/1.43=646.2mm取750mm.梁底面縱筋的錨固長(zhǎng)度：12d=1222=264mm，取300mm 檢查正截面抗彎承載力圖是否包住彎矩包絡(luò)圖和是否滿足構(gòu)造要求:主梁的材料圖和實(shí)際配筋圖如圖所示。設(shè)計(jì)體會(huì)及今后的改進(jìn)意見(jiàn)兩周的課程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)束了，在這次的課程設(shè)計(jì)中不僅檢驗(yàn)了我所學(xué)習(xí)的知識(shí)，也培養(yǎng)了我如何去把握一件事情，如何去做一件事情，又如何完成一件事情。在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中，

28、與同學(xué)分工設(shè)計(jì)，和同學(xué)們相互探討，相互學(xué)習(xí)，相互監(jiān)督。學(xué)會(huì)了合作，學(xué)會(huì)了運(yùn)籌帷幄，學(xué)會(huì)了寬容，學(xué)會(huì)了理解，也學(xué)會(huì)了做人與處世。通過(guò)這次課程設(shè)計(jì)，讓我對(duì)混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)原理設(shè)計(jì)這門(mén)課有了進(jìn)一步的認(rèn)識(shí)。這次課設(shè)是對(duì)這門(mén)課程的一個(gè)總結(jié)，對(duì)混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)原理設(shè)計(jì)知識(shí)的應(yīng)用。首先，我要感謝我的指導(dǎo)師汪匯老師，他嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)細(xì)致、一絲不茍的作風(fēng)一直是我工作、學(xué)習(xí)中的榜樣，給了起到了指明燈的作用；他們循循善誘的教導(dǎo)和不拘一格的思路給予我無(wú)盡的啟迪，讓我很快就感受到了設(shè)計(jì)的快樂(lè)并融入其中。其次我要感謝同組同學(xué)對(duì)我的幫助和指點(diǎn)，沒(méi)有他們的幫助和提供資料，沒(méi)有他們的鼓勵(lì)和加油，這次課程設(shè)計(jì)就不會(huì)如此的順利進(jìn)行。此次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)歷時(shí)一周

29、，是我大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)中遇到過(guò)的一次重要的課程設(shè)計(jì)。俗話說(shuō)的好，“磨刀不誤砍柴工”，當(dāng)每次遇到不懂得問(wèn)題時(shí)，我都會(huì)第一時(shí)間記在本子上面，然后等答疑的時(shí)候問(wèn)兩位老師，老師對(duì)于我提出來(lái)的問(wèn)題都一一解答，從來(lái)都不會(huì)因?yàn)槲业膯?wèn)題稍過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單加以責(zé)備，而是一再的告誡我做設(shè)計(jì)該注意的地方，從課題的選擇到項(xiàng)目的最終完成，老師都始終給予我細(xì)心的指導(dǎo)和不懈的支持，他們真正起到了“傳道授業(yè)解惑疑”的作用，讓人油然而生的敬佩。他們的治學(xué)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)和科學(xué)研究的精神也是我永遠(yuǎn)學(xué)習(xí)的榜樣，并將積極影響我今后的學(xué)習(xí)和工作。在此謹(jǐn)向汪匯老師致以誠(chéng)摯的謝意和崇高的敬意。這次課設(shè)的書(shū)寫(xiě)中對(duì)格式的要求也很?chē)?yán)格，在老師的指導(dǎo)下我們按照課程設(shè)計(jì)的格式要

30、求完成課設(shè)。這就為我們做畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)打下了基礎(chǔ)。通過(guò)這次設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)我們獨(dú)自解決問(wèn)題的能力也有所提高。在整個(gè)過(guò)程中，我查閱了相關(guān)書(shū)籍及文獻(xiàn)，取其相關(guān)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)應(yīng)用到課設(shè)中，而且其中有很多相關(guān)設(shè)備選取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以直接選取，這樣設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)的設(shè)備更加符合要求。在設(shè)計(jì)的最后附有結(jié)構(gòu)圖，在繪圖的整個(gè)過(guò)程中，我對(duì)制圖軟細(xì)節(jié)更加熟悉。課程設(shè)計(jì)誠(chéng)然是一門(mén)專(zhuān)業(yè)課，給我很多專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)以及專(zhuān)業(yè)技能上的提升，同時(shí)又是一門(mén)講道課，一門(mén)辯思課，給了我許多道，給了我很多思，給了我莫大的空間。同時(shí)，設(shè)計(jì)讓我感觸很深。使我對(duì)抽象的理論有了具體的認(rèn)識(shí)。在以后的學(xué)習(xí)中我會(huì)更加認(rèn)真地對(duì)待專(zhuān)業(yè)課學(xué)習(xí)，爭(zhēng)取把專(zhuān)業(yè)課學(xué)的透、學(xué)的精，認(rèn)真聽(tīng)老師靜的每一句話，多

31、和老師和同學(xué)交流。因?yàn)榈闹R(shí)有限，所做出的設(shè)計(jì)存在許多缺點(diǎn)和不足，請(qǐng)老師做出批評(píng)和指正。最后感謝老師對(duì)這次課設(shè)的評(píng)閱。2013年6月參考文獻(xiàn)1. 混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范(gb50010-2010). 北京: 中國(guó)建筑工業(yè)出版社，20102. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)荷載規(guī)范(gb50009-2001). 北京: 中國(guó)建筑工業(yè)出版社，20023. 東南大學(xué), 等. 混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)(中冊(cè)，第四版). 北京: 中國(guó)建筑工業(yè)出版社，20094. 吳培明, 彭少民. 混凝土結(jié)構(gòu). 武漢: 武漢工業(yè)大學(xué)出版社, 20015. 馬芹永. 混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)基本原理. 北京: 機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，20056. 徐有鄰, 周氐. 混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)

32、范理解與應(yīng)用. 北京: 中國(guó)建筑工業(yè)出版社，2002employment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees.you may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you dont agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have bee

33、n dismissed unfairly.for more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, seedismissal.you can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haventappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. however, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any compe

34、nsation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal.remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. if your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will

35、not usually accept it.if you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations listed underfurther help.employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirma

36、tion.most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. if you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underfurther help.if you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they m

37、ay ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. this is known as adamages-based agreement. in england and wales, your solicitor cant charge you more than 35% of your compensation if you win the case.if you are thinking about signing up for a dama

38、ges-based agreement, you should make sure youre clear about the terms of the agreement. it might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a citizens advice bureau. to find your nearest cab, including those that give advice by e-mail, click onnearest cab.for more information

39、 about making a claim to an employment tribunal, seeemployment tribunals.the (lack of) air up there watch mcayman islands-based webb, the head of fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in london for the football associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend citys premier league match at chels

40、ea on sunday.i am going to be at the match tomorrow and i have asked to meet yaya toure, he told bbc sport.for me its about how he felt and i would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against cskafor the racist behaviour of their fan

41、s duringcitys 2-1 win.michel platini, president of european footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.cska said they were surprised and disappointed by toures complaint. in a statement the russian side added: we found no racist insults from fans

42、of cska.age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. may be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day; may be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constant

43、ly. always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字開(kāi)頭的年齡已經(jīng)到了尾聲?；蛟S是愧疚于自己似乎把轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的很多個(gè)不同的日子過(guò)成了同一天的樣子；或許是追溯過(guò)去，對(duì)自己那些近乎偏執(zhí)的怪異信念的醒悟，這些天以來(lái)，思緒一直很凌亂，在腦海中不斷糾纏?？傆X(jué)得自己自己似乎應(yīng)該去做點(diǎn)什么，或者寫(xiě)點(diǎn)什么。二十年的人生軌跡深深淺淺，突然就感覺(jué)到有些事情，非做不可了

44、。the end of our life, and can meet many things really do?而窮盡我們的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？during my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for new year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; junior high school, thought to have a crush

45、 on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isnt really grow up, it seems is not so important; then in high school, think dont want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feeling

46、s in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already cant remember his appearance.童年時(shí)，覺(jué)得壓歲錢(qián)和新衣服是過(guò)年必備，但是隨著年齡的推進(jìn)，會(huì)越來(lái)越發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些東西根本就可有可無(wú)；初中時(shí)，以為要有一場(chǎng)

47、暗戀才意味著真正的成長(zhǎng)，但三年過(guò)去后，自己心平氣和的寫(xiě)同學(xué)錄的時(shí)候，突然就發(fā)現(xiàn)是不是真正的成長(zhǎng)了，好像并沒(méi)有那么重要了；然后到了高中，覺(jué)得非要吐露出自己的心聲才能為高中生涯里的懵懂情愫劃上一個(gè)句點(diǎn)，但畢業(yè)晚會(huì)的時(shí)候最終還是被梗塞在了咽喉，后來(lái)再次站在他曾經(jīng)揮汗如雨的球場(chǎng)，看著他投過(guò)籃球的球框時(shí)，突然間發(fā)現(xiàn)自己已經(jīng)想不起他的容顏。originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原來(lái)，這個(gè)世界上，對(duì)某個(gè)事件能產(chǎn)生化

48、學(xué)反應(yīng)的，除了非做不可的堅(jiān)決，還有，時(shí)間。a persons time, your ideas are always special to clear. want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there

49、are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一個(gè)人的時(shí)候，自己的想法總是特別地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明確，好像沒(méi)有什么可以撼動(dòng)自己。也曾經(jīng)好像已經(jīng)下定了決心去做某件事，但更多的時(shí)候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌惡過(guò)自己的怯懦，最終卻發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多緣分，有很多錯(cuò)過(guò)，好像冥冥之中真的已經(jīng)注定。那些曾經(jīng)所謂的非做不可，只是青蔥年華里自

50、己給自己注射的一支強(qiáng)心劑，或者說(shuō)，是自以為是的精神寄托罷了。at the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; those were broken into various shapes of stationery; from the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; have declared the end of the encounter that havent start planning. those years, those days of do, finally,