中職英語基礎(chǔ)模塊下冊

1、詞 匯 學(xué) 習(xí) famous 著名的 =noted/outstanding be famous for 因.而著名 wonder vt.想知道=want to know she wondered how to do it. located 位于 locator定位器 be located in 坐落于. period 時期 時間段 periodcally adv.定期地 protect v.保護(hù) protection n.保護(hù) protective adj.保護(hù)的 unify 使統(tǒng)一 unification n.統(tǒng)一 link v.連接 n.失聯(lián)，關(guān)系 extend a house擴(kuò)建房子 p

2、opulation 人口=people carry out 執(zhí)行執(zhí)行 total= the whole amount總數(shù)總數(shù) ，總計(jì)，總計(jì) Natural heritage 自然遺產(chǎn)自然遺產(chǎn) construction site建筑工地建筑工地 alarming 使人驚動的使人驚動的 alarm n.驚恐驚恐=frighten alarm system警報(bào)系統(tǒng)警報(bào)系統(tǒng) No smoking 禁止吸煙禁止吸煙 excitement n.興奮興奮 capitalism資本主義資本主義 In the history 歷史上的歷史上的 squarelly adv.公正地，干脆地公正地，干脆地 traff

3、ic regulation交通規(guī)則交通規(guī)則 seem,appear,look看來好像，似乎看來好像，似乎 phrase(詞組）詞組） pick up be famous for. be located in. by hand. such as. and so on. leading inleading in Do you like travel? What is travel? Why do people want to travel? 6 Unit 1 Travel The Great Wall It was rebuilt during the Ming Dynasty 10 01 Jia

4、yuguan Pass in Gansu Province 02The west end of the Great Wall “The Old Dragon Head” The east end of the Great Wall 13 Shanghaiguan Pass “The First Pass under Heave n” 14 A beacon tower Reading:The Great Wall the Great Wall 長城 The Great Wall is one of the worlds most famous wonders. It is located in

5、 the north of China. 長城是世界最著名的奇跡之一，它位于中國的北部。 Analysis 課文分析課文分析 Locate: v(常用于被動語態(tài)） be located. 將（某物）設(shè)置在某處；使坐落于 “位于.”“坐落于.” Eg:1.新廠擬建于此。 A new factory is to be located here. 2.咨詢在市中心。 The information office is located in the city centre. one of .+名詞復(fù)數(shù) . 之一 Building of the Great Wall first began during

6、 the Warring States Period(476-221BC).The walls were built to protect these states. 長城的修建最初始于戰(zhàn)國時期。這些城墻的修建是為了保護(hù)他們的國家。 The Warring States Period 戰(zhàn)國 時期 were built 是過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài) 該句的主動形式是： The built the walls to protect these states. The walls were built to protect these states(by them). A young lady looked

7、 after my baby at home. My baby was looked after at home (by a young lady) 拓展學(xué)習(xí)拓展學(xué)習(xí) Protect 保護(hù)，防御，常與from或against連用， 構(gòu)成句型： Protect .from/against 保護(hù).以防. You need warm clothes to protect you from the cold. 你需要暖和的衣服來御寒。 The girl is wearing the sun glasses to protect her eyes from the sunlight. 那個女孩戴著太陽鏡

8、保護(hù)眼睛以防陽光。 In 221 BC, the first Emperor of the Qin Dynasty unified China and decided to have the walls linked and extended. 公元前221年，秦始皇統(tǒng)一中國，他決定把這些城墻連接起 來并使其伸展延長。 分析 該句中的have是使役動詞，意思是“使、 讓”have sth.done使某事被做（強(qiáng)調(diào)動 作由別人完成） He has had his hair cut.他理發(fā)了。 He decided to go on Monday. 他決定星期一走。 We must decide

9、which one to buy. 我們一定要定下來究竟買哪一個。 decided to do sth.決定做某事 （decision n.決定，決心，決議） decide+疑問詞+to do It is said that about 1 million people, one fifth of Chinas population at the time, were forced to build the Wall.據(jù)說，大約一百萬人占當(dāng)時的總?cè)?口的五分之一，被迫去修建長城。 分析分析 綠色兩部分同位語關(guān)系。 It is /was said.據(jù)說. be forced to do sth.

10、被迫做. 主動語態(tài)為：force sb to do sth. at the time 在當(dāng)時 It took them more than ten years to build it under terrible conditions. 人們在惡劣的條件下花了十多年的時間修建長城人們在惡劣的條件下花了十多年的時間修建長城。 分析分析 句中的It用作形式主語，真正的是不定式短語to build it under terrible conditions. 句型：It takes/took sb.time/money to do sth. 做某事花費(fèi)某人多少時間/錢 eg.It will take

11、us three days to finish the job.(How long) 完成這項(xiàng)工作將需要我們?nèi)斓臅r間。 It took him ￥20 to buy the book.(How much) 買這本書花了他20元人民幣。 拓展學(xué)習(xí)拓展學(xué)習(xí) spend,cost, take,pay的 用法區(qū)別 1.Sb.spend s.on sth. 3.Sth.cost sb.money/ health/time 5.Sb. pays(sb.) money for sth. 某人花 了.去 做某事 2.Sb.spend s.(in)doing sth. 4.It takes sb.to do

12、sth. 買那本書花了他二美元。買那本書花了他二美元。 He _ two dollars _ the book. He spent two dollars _ the book. The book _ him two dollars. It _ him two dollars _ buy the book. He _ two dollars _ the book. spent on (in) buying cost tookto paidfor paid spenton for They had to carry all the stones,bricks and lime up to the

13、 top of mountains by hand. 人們必須用手工把所有的石頭、墻磚、和石灰搬運(yùn)到 山頂上。 The bricks and stones which were used to build the Wall is believed to be enough to build a wall five meters high and one meter thick around the earth. 據(jù)說用來建造長城的磚石足夠建一條五米高、一米厚圍 墻環(huán)繞整個地球。 1.be believed to據(jù)認(rèn) 為/據(jù)說/據(jù)相信 她被認(rèn)為是美國最長壽的人。 She is bieved to

14、 be the oldest living person in America. 2.be enough to 足夠做 我完成作業(yè)兩個小時時間足夠 了。 Two hours is enough to finish my homework. 數(shù)量+形容詞（long,wide,high.)表示某物的 尺寸 e.g.The box is 4 feet long. 這個箱子四英尺長。 The door is two meters high a nd meters wide. 這扇門高2米，寬1.5米。 The Great Wall which we can see now was rebuilt du

15、ring the Ming Dynasty in the 16th century. 我們現(xiàn)在看到的長城建于16世紀(jì)的明朝。 It extends from Shanhaiguan Pass, on the coast of Bohai Bay, to Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu Province. 它從渤海灣岸邊的山海關(guān)，延伸到甘肅省的嘉峪關(guān)。 extend(時間、空間的）延長，延伸 This road extends to the airport. 這條路一直延伸到飛機(jī)場。 We extended the meeting another 20 minutes. 我們將會

16、議延長了20分鐘。 extend from.to.從.延伸到. Its more than 6,700 kilometers long. 它的總長是6,700多公里。 The Great Wall is one of the great creations of the ancient Chinese people. 長城是古代中國人民的偉大創(chuàng)舉之一。 Thoands of travelers from all parts of the world come to visit the Great Wall every year. 每年都有成千上萬來自世界各地的游客來參觀長城。 thoudsan

17、ds of 數(shù)千的/成千上萬的 hundreds of 數(shù)百的/成百上千的 millions of 數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的 tens of thousands of 數(shù)以萬計(jì)的 hundreds of thousands of 數(shù)十萬的 In 1987 it was listed by the UNESCO as a world Heritage Site. 1987年，長城被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界文化遺產(chǎn)。 1.be listed 被列為.，被登錄在. My name is not listed in the telephone directory. 我的名字沒有登錄在電話薄上。 2.as 是介詞，

18、“作為.” Please treat him as a friend. 請把他當(dāng)朋友對待。 12. Look, on the top of the mountain is the Great Wall. 句中的句中的on the top of the mountain不是句子不是句子 的主語，本句為的主語，本句為倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)，它的正常語序應(yīng)是：，它的正常語序應(yīng)是： The Great Wall is on the top of the mountain. 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)主語起倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)主語起強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。作用。 On the tree is a beautiful green bird. 樹上

19、有一只漂亮的、綠色的鳥。樹上有一只漂亮的、綠色的鳥。 詞匯應(yīng)用詞匯應(yīng)用 magnificent 壯麗的壯麗的; 宏偉的宏偉的; 值得贊揚(yáng)的值得贊揚(yáng)的 She looked magnificent in her wedding dress. 她穿著婚紗，看上去漂亮極了。她穿著婚紗，看上去漂亮極了。 Youve all done a magnificent job. 你們活兒干得很出色。你們活兒干得很出色。 In ancient times,when the enemy came,soldiers would make fires or smoke to send alarm signals fr

20、om here.Fire was used at night and smoke during the day. 古時候，當(dāng)敵人來的時候，士兵們會點(diǎn)火，放煙，從 這里發(fā)出警報(bào)信號。 Resding Comprehension 1 2 3 4 The Great Wall is located in north of China. Its building first began during the period of the Warring States. They built the walls to protect their countries. The first Emperor o

21、f the Qin Dynasty to have the walls linked and extended. 6.It took more than ten years to build it. 7.The Great Wall which we can see now was rebuilt during the Ming Dynasty in the 16th century. 8.Its total length is more than 6,700kilometer. 9.In 1987 it was listed by the UNESCO as a World Heritage

22、 Site. 5.About one million people were made to build the wall. Language Study 1.（1）conditions（2）pick up（3）remenber (4)excited （5）famous （6）located（7）protect (8) extended (9) carry (10) along Grammer The Passive Voice被動語態(tài) 什么是被動語態(tài)?被動語態(tài)”的構(gòu)成？ be + 過去分詞過去分詞 + (by+動作執(zhí)行者動作執(zhí)行者) 英語被動語態(tài)常用時態(tài)： 1、 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài). am

23、 / is / are + 動詞的過去分詞 Our classroom is cleaned every day. This car is made in China. 2、一般過去式的被動語態(tài): was / were + 動詞的過去分詞 His desk was cleaned just now. The station was built in 1928. 3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài): am / is / are + being + 動詞的過去分詞 A new factory is being built in our city now. 4、過去進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài): was / were +

24、 being + 動詞的過去分 詞 A new factory was being built in our city at that time. Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year. 5、一般將來時的被動語態(tài): (A) will / shall + be + 動詞的過去分詞 (B) am / is / are + going to be +動詞的過去分詞. Some new factories will be built in our city this year. Your watch is going to

25、 be mended in an hour. 6、過去將來時的被動語態(tài): (1).would / should + be + 動詞的過去分詞 (2).was / were +going to be + 動詞的過去分詞. She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city. He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour. 7、現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài):have / has + been + 動詞的過去分詞 Some new factories

26、 have been built in the city since last year. Your watch has been mended already. 8、過去完成時的被動語態(tài):had + been + 動詞的過去分詞 He said that some new factories had been built in the city. I didnt know that my watch had been mended . 9、含情態(tài)動詞的被動式：can/may/must + be + done 例如：He can not be found. / I must be paid f

27、or this. 什么情況下要用被動語態(tài)呢?一般地說，有下面幾種情況： 不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者或沒有必要。 例如： Paper is made from wood. (紙是由木材生產(chǎn)出來的。) The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. (這座房子太舊了。它 是1950年建成的。) He was wounded in the fight. (他在戰(zhàn)斗在受傷了。) Electricity is used to run machines. (電是用來開動機(jī)器的。) The Passive Voice被動語態(tài) The use of Passive Vo

28、ice 需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的對象時。 例如： Calculator cant be used in the maths exam. (計(jì)算器不能用于數(shù)學(xué)考試。) Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away. (閱覽室的書籍和報(bào)紙 不準(zhǔn)帶走。) He was awarded first prize in that contest. (他在比賽中獲得了第一。) 為了使語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)，避免提到是誰做的這件事。 例如： The construction of the new lab must be completed by the e

29、nd of next month. (新實(shí)驗(yàn)室必須在下個月底前完工。) 如何將主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)如何將主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài) 1、從句子意義上說，就是重新找出“什么事物”是“被完成”的。 例1. 主動語態(tài)：人們說英語。 People speak English in many countries. 被動語態(tài)：英語被說。 English is spoken in many countries. 例2. 主動語態(tài)：我們造這座橋。 We built this bridge last year. 被動語態(tài)：這座橋被建造。 This bridge was built last year. 2、從語法的角

30、度說，把原句的賓語改成主語。 例1. 主動語態(tài)：小王邀請你(賓語) Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party. 被動語態(tài)：你(賓語)被邀請。 You has been invited to a lunch party by Xiao Wang. 例2. 主動語態(tài)：你不準(zhǔn)帶走雜志(賓語) You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room. 被動語態(tài)：雜志(賓語)不準(zhǔn)被帶走. These magazines must not be taken out of the reading room

31、2.(1) by hand (2) places of interest (3) at the gate/door (4)such as . and so on.(5) take (6) is located in (7) It is said 1. written; had; given; studied; put; made; played; helped; begun; known; said; read; cut; done; seen 2. 1) was written; 2) be answered; 3) was built 4) is spoken 5) is cleaned

32、6) isnt allowed 7) be built 8) will be finished Grammar Focus 聽力答案聽力答案 1. My name; am glad; bus driver; AD3591 2. in 2008; There are 3. have got to; stay in; After lunch; At two oclock this afternoon; at the gate Speaking Asking and Telling the Way Asking the way Would you please tell me the way to? Would you please tell me how to get to? Could/ Can you show me the to? Could/Can you tell me where is? Could/Can you tell me how I can get to? Where is, please? Asking and Telling the Way Telling the way 1. Walk along/down the street 2. Go/Walk straight ahead/on 3. Turn left/right at the corner/th