中考英語易錯(cuò)題16

1、2011年中考英語易錯(cuò)題（16）湖北省宜昌市第五中學(xué)葛林 1. hear 誤he was heard sing in the next room.正he was heard to sing in the next room.析hear somebody do something這一句式用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要把原來省略的不定式to還原回來。而在hear somebody doing something這一句式中則不會(huì)出現(xiàn)上述問題。如，主動(dòng)態(tài)：i heard her singing in the next room.變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)態(tài)時(shí)為：she was heard singing in the next ro

2、om.這種用法還適用于see, look, observe, watch, notice, listen to等。 hear, listen to hear一詞為聽見了什么，或聽到什么，強(qiáng)調(diào)其結(jié)果；而listen to則強(qiáng)調(diào)有意要聽，聽的傾向。如：i want to listen to you, but i hear nothing.但詞組hear about (of)則為“聽說過”之意，如：i heard about this.（我聽說過此事。）而hear from則為“收到某人信件”之意：i often hear from my girl friend. 2. help誤please he

3、lp my homework.正please help me do my homework.正please help me with my homework.析help其句型是help somebody do (to do) something.意為“幫某人作某事”，但在較古老的語法中不帶to的不定式表示句子的主語參加這個(gè)動(dòng)作，如：he helps his mother cook the meal.即“他和母親一起做飯?！倍鴋e helps me to do my homework.則是“他指導(dǎo)我做作業(yè)”。但在現(xiàn)代英語中這個(gè)區(qū)別則往往被取消了。所以帶to與不帶to的不定式在句中意思相同，并無區(qū)

4、別。 誤when i read the play i cant help to think of my childhood.正when i read the play i cant help thinking of my childhood.析cant help doing something是“身不由己，情不自禁做某事”。 誤help yourself with some cakes.正help yourself to some cakes.析中文中講“你自己拿蛋糕吃”，英文中要用help somebody to something. 3. here 誤here the bus comes!

5、正here comes the bus!析副詞在句首時(shí)一般要用倒裝語序，即謂語動(dòng)詞的位置前移。但是，若主語是人稱代詞，則還是要用正常語序，如：here we are! 4. high 誤he is very high.正he is very tall.析英語中的兩個(gè)“高”，即high和tall，其中tall指人指物都是可以的，但high則只指物體的高，所以可以講this building is the highest building in the city.但tall一般不用來指山脈的高低。 5. hit 誤the mother got angry and hit the boy.正the

6、mother got angry and beat the boy.析hit指打到某物之上，一般指一次性打擊，如he hit his head against the wall.（他把頭撞到了墻上。）而beat則指多次性的打擊。 6. home 誤im tired. its time i went to home.正im tired. its time i went home.析 home此處用作副詞，所以不應(yīng)加to，又如：i arrived home at eleven thirty yesterday evening.而at home除了“在家”之意外，還有像“在家里一樣”之意。如make

7、 yourself at home.（不要拘束就像在家一樣。） home,house, family home是指與親人一起居住的地方，可以講a letter from home，所以有人解釋home包括住處和家人。而house的側(cè)重點(diǎn)則在建筑物，如many new houses were built this year. family一詞，作為整體講其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，如：her family is a happy one.而作為家庭成員講時(shí)要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞，如：my family are all like swimming. 7. homework 誤i have so many homew

8、ork to do today.正i have so much homework to do today.析homework為不可數(shù)名詞。同樣的詞還有work（work作為“著作”“作品”“工廠”講時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞），fun, health information等。 8. hope 誤i hope you to be a good student.正i hope you will be a good student.析hope一詞不能接賓語再加上賓語補(bǔ)足語，但它可以接不定式作賓語，如：i hope to be a scientist.而wish卻可以接賓語加賓語補(bǔ)足語，如：i wish you

9、to be a good student. 誤i dont hope you will go to the park tomorrow.正i hope you wont go to the park tomorrow.析hope和think在否定句中的用法不同，如“我認(rèn)為你錯(cuò)了”。應(yīng)譯為：i dont think you are right.即否定在前。而hope則不能這樣用。又如在答語中“我不這樣認(rèn)為”應(yīng)譯為i dont think so.或i hope not. 誤i hope your help.正i hope for your help.析hope for為“期望某事發(fā)生”，雖然hop

10、e是及物動(dòng)詞，但表達(dá)期望某事情發(fā)生要用“hope for+名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)。 誤i was hopeful to pass the exam.正i was hopeful of passing the exam.析對(duì)某事存有希望應(yīng)用“hopeful of (about)+介詞賓語”這一結(jié)構(gòu)。 9. hospital 誤my mother was in the hospital for two weeks.正my mother was in hospital for two weeks.析 in hospital為“住院就醫(yī)”。而in (at) the hospital為“在醫(yī)院（工作）”。如：h

11、e is a doctor in (at) the hospital.類似的用法還有很多，如：“上學(xué)”為go to school，at school為“在校就讀”，go to bed為“上床睡覺”。 10. how 誤i want to know how to do.正i want to know how to do it.析how是關(guān)聯(lián)副詞，要注意與關(guān)聯(lián)代詞的不同用法。如：i want to know what to do.誤how do you think about it?正what do you think about it?析英文中表達(dá)你對(duì)某事的看法如何應(yīng)用what do you t

12、hink about 這一句式。 11. hurry 誤lets hurry. there is a little time left.正lets hurry. there is little time left.誤dont worry. there is little time left.正dont worry. there is a little time left.析請(qǐng)注意英語中的慣用法：“快點(diǎn)吧，沒時(shí)間了”，或“別著急還有一點(diǎn)時(shí)間。” 誤the car is hurrying through the street.正the car is rushing through the street.析hurry一詞只用于人而不用于物體。 12. hundred 誤there are two hundreds people here.正there are two hundred people here.誤there are hundred of people here.正there are hundreds of people