江蘇省2019學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)試卷 含解析

1、 高三上學(xué)期cheardheard6taking targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty, _has been predicted, is第一次調(diào)研考試fruitful.英 語(yǔ)awhatcasbwhichdthat注意事項(xiàng)：7since the match is over, we can _by travelling and stop thinking about basketball.號(hào)位座adive incpull outbswitch offdsplit up封密不訂裝只卷此碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置

2、。2b 鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂8to make a breakthrough in his scientific research, the scientist has been making a(n) _amount of黑，寫(xiě)在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。3非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫(xiě)在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。effort.amodestcoptionalbmiserable號(hào)場(chǎng)考dtremendous第 i 卷（選擇題）9kevin, time for the next destination!一、單項(xiàng)選擇n

3、o hurry! another 15 minutes and we _all the exhibition rooms of the museum.1thanks to the efforts in environmental protection, the wetland has been _ to its originalaam exploringcwill explorebhave exploredappearance.dwill have exploredarestored10if it had not been for the heroes contributions and sa

4、crifices,we _such a happy life.awouldnt have led bwouldnt be leadingchavent led dare not leading11the bus dropped me off and pulled away _i realized i had left my bag on it.ctransferred號(hào)證考準(zhǔn)2the village evolved into a major e-commerce center, and _ the past, the villagers owed their successto the ref

5、orm and opening-up policy.areviewedcto reviewbreviewingawhilecafterbbeforedsincedbeing reviewed3ted has never been so rude!12if we surround ourselves with people _our major purpose, we can get their support andhe _something he shouldnt have, but i guess he didnt mean that.encouragement.ahas saidcsai

6、dbhad saidain sympathy withcin honour ofbin terms of名姓dwas sayingdin contrast with4jacks fellow workers often turn to him for help when trapped in trouble because he is a _of ideas.13it was announced that only after the candidates papers were collected _to leave the room.afountaincdiagrambsessionaha

7、d they been permittedbwould they be permitteddresourcecthat they would be permitteddthat they had been permitted5the press should expand its influence in international public opinion to make chinas voice better _in級(jí)班14-what difference will it make _we shall go to the concert on tuesday or saturday?t

8、hey offer a discount on weekdays.the world.ahearingathatbwhen1 cifdwhy23aarbitrary24aentertain25ainterest26aproudbinnocentbabandonbfaithcconventionaldinsecuredreinventccomfortdont be _, mum. i will tidy it up now.cinvestmentccautiousdpatiencedcuriousahot under the collarcoff the top of your head二、完形

9、填空bon cloud ninebpassiveddown in the dumps27asurprise28acomplain29astruckbembarrassmentbconnect cstudycpushedcpitydreliefdspeakdrushedwhen i was 13 years old, i stopped speaking. im still not exactly sure 16words got me into trouble. the boys in my class were always 17 me, telling me to shut up. one

10、 day,i 18 into uncontrollable sobs behind the sports hall.so throughout my 19 , i clammed up 一 dealing with the wider world only in whispers andshrugs. myisolation(孤立）led to indescribable一 i think i felt thatbdrewn30aput outbbuilt upclooked throughcwisdomdtook downdimaginationdcreating31alanguage32a

11、discovering33aresponsibility34aheld on tobknowledgebunderliningbflexibilityccompilingcemotionddepression20that nothing could relieve. i couldnt21orblooked forward tobbottle cthinkcstayed away fromdpolishdmissed out onsocialise. then, at 15, a psychologist sawneeded to change schools for a fresh star

12、t.22in meshe said i was in intelligent but 23 , and35asum三、閱讀理解my parents sent me to a different comprehensive. i knew no one and i had the chance tomyself. cheered by the psychologists 25 in me, i worked hard and became a swot(刻苦學(xué)習(xí)的人).as a result, my parents were 26 . finally at 20, i was referred

13、to a psychiatrist and he diagnosed24travelling with skiing or snowboarding equipment can be a bit of an effort, particularly if youreswapping between buses, trains and planes. take a simpler, more direct route to the four alpine options onthe eurostar at london st. pancras international or ashford.m

14、e with a mild form of autism(自閉癥).it was such a(n) 27to know what was happening that i criedla rosiresainte foyon the bus on the way home.great ski conditions arent a one-off here, thanks to the slopes are quiet, the lift queues non-existent,it took a further five years toto everyone else. i 29 myse

15、lf hard, becoming more confident. gradually, idefinitely get more than usual pleasure from the use of 31 . its still sucha fresh experience for me32 different wordsones that can sound so complex, and carry so much 3334 , i feel like crying, but i dont28again, a decision that was as much a surprise t

16、o me as it wasthe resorts high altitude and its mostly s outh-facing and therefore sunny-slopes. its a familyfriendly resort and kids will enjoy skiing throughthe trees and tunnels on adventure trail.and snowy forests and breathtaking mountainviews dominate(控制）your eyeline. this resort isnot a place

17、 to come if you like to party, but its agreat choice for those who want to progress onwide, empty pistes.30 my speech. i.when i think of what i haveinstead, i enjoy talking about it.35it up anymore.16awhenbwhychowdwhere17aencouraging18acollapsedbteasingbdividedcignoringdpraisingdlaughedmotierstignes

18、clookedceducationclonelinessdmovebexperiencesbboredomit is a good resort for first-time skiers. those newto the sport can book a holiday safe in theknowledge that theyre not stuck up a snowyit may not be the prettiest resort in the french alps,but what it lacks in cuteness, it more than makes upfor

19、in convenience, taking the concept of ski-in ski-20atiredness21awaitdguiltbsingcmixbweaknesscjusticedambition2 (占支配地位的)religion; another includes countries such as japan, indonesia and pakistan, with strongconfucian or islamic traditions. a third group consists of countries in central and south amer

20、ica, such ascolombia and brazil. the first group showed a stronger preference for sacrificing older lives to save youngerones than did the second group, for example.has a museum of popular traditions.need to knowconditions are all but guaranteed.the researchers also identified relationships between

21、social and economic factors in a country. theyfound that people from relatively wealthy countries with strong institutions, such as finland and japan, moreoften chose to hit people who stepped into traffic illegally than did respondents in nations with weakerinstitutions, such as nigeria or pakistan

22、.people rarely face such moral dilemmas, and some cities question whether the possible situationsposed in the online quiz are relevant to the ethical and practical questions surrounding driverless cars. but theresearchers argue that the findings reveal cultural differences that governments and maker

23、s of self-drivingcars must take into account if they want the vehicles to gain public acceptance.at least barbara wege, who heads a group working on autonomous-vehicle ethics at audi iningolstadt, germany, says such studies are valuable. wege argues that self-driving cars would cause feweraccidents,

24、 proportionally, than human drivers do each year but that people might focus more on eventsinvolving robots.theres a travel class to suit every budget and style. though the seats are roomy and comfortable, itsworth nothing there are no sleeper bunk beds. with free wi-fi for all, you can stay connect

25、ed all the way.36if one is looking for a peaceful and crowd-free ski resort, he will probably choose_.ala rosirecmotiersbsainte foydtignes37from the passage, we can know that_.surveys such as the moral machine can help to begin public discussions about these unavoidableaccidents that might develop t

26、rust. “we need to come up with a social consensus,” she says, “about whichrisks we are willing to take.”athe eurostar offers easy access to popular alpine ski resorts.bthere is no restriction on well-protected equipment on board.ctravelers can have a good sleep on comfortable bunk beds on boarddfree

27、 wi-fi is provided on board for travellers who upgrade their travel class38why is it difficult to set universal moral rules for programming self-driving cars?asocial values always change with the times.bmoral choices vary between different cultures.when a driver slams on the brakes to avoid hitting

28、a pedestrian crossing the road illegally, she ismaking a moral decision that shifts risk from the pedestrian to the people in the car. self-driving cars mightsoon have to make such ethical (道德的)judgments on their own but settling on a universal moral code forthe vehicles could be a tough task, sugge

29、sts a survey.cdrivers have a preference for sacrificing the weak.dcar makers are faced with decisions of life or death.39the researchers conducted the study by_.ausing a massive online quiz worldwidethe largest ever survey of machine ethics, called the moral machine, laid out 13 possible situations

30、inwhich someones death was unavoidable. respondents were asked to choose who to spare in situations thatinvolved a mix of variables: young or old, rich or poor, more people or fewer. within 18 months, the onlinequiz had recorded 40 million decisions made by people from 233 countries and territories.

31、when the researchers analysed these answers, they found that the nations could be divided into threegroups. one contains north america and several european nations where christianity has been the dominantbcomparing different cultures and customscdividing the respondents into three groups40according

32、to the study, in which country are drivers more likely to hit a pedestrian crossing theroad illegally?anigeriabcolombia3 cfinlanddindonesiawe are incapable of treating the interview data as little more than unreliable gossip. its just too compelling(強(qiáng)迫性的）that weve learned a lot from those 30 minutes

33、.my recommendation is not to interview at all unless youre going to develop an interview protocol(體系),with the help of a professional, which is based on careful analysis of what you are looking for in a jobcandidate. and then ask exactly the same questions of every candidate. its harder to develop s

34、uch a protocolthan you might guess. but it can really pay off.42the cases in the first two paragraphs are meant to_.aillustrate the influence of fansstatistics often sounds like a dry subject, but sometimes its necessary to take a statistics course to getthe correct answer to this problem. take the

35、following case for example: a football scout (球探）hears of aplayer who has powered his team to a good win-loss record. his coaches think hes one of the most talentedplayers theyve seen. but the scout is unimpressed by the one practice game he sees him in; he tells hismanager its not worth trying to r

36、ecruit (錄用）the player.bshow the weaknesses of scoutscattach importance to interviewsdintroduce the topic of the passage43the author believes that_.most sports fans would think that was a pretty foolish decision, right? athletic performance is muchtoo variable to base an important judgment on such a

37、small sample. but consider this problem: an employergets an application from a junior executive主( 管人員）with an excellent college record and strong referencesfrom his current employer. the employer interviews the applicant and is unimpressed. the employer tells hiscolleagues that its not worthwhile re

38、cruiting him.athe setting in the job interview is too artificial to be convincingba successful candidate usually uses tricks to cover his real charactersca small sample is not enough to make a generalized judgement of a candidatedthe number of candidates hasnt satisfied the requirements for a job in

39、terview44what is the best title for the passage?most people regard this as a reasonable sort of decision. but it isnt. countless studies show that theunstructured 30-minute interview is virtually worthless as a predictor of long-term performance by anycriteria that have been examined.ahow employees

40、are selectedbwhere statistics are availablecwhy job interviews are pointlessin both cases, predictions based on references-school reports, prior performance, letters ofrecommendation-give a 65-75% chance of choosing the better of the two.dwhen recommendations are neededtens of thousands of young in

41、britain who are struggling with their mental health are seeking helponline for problems such as anxiety, self-harm, and depression.soaring numbers of under- 18s are turning to apps, online counselling and “mood diaries” to helpthem manage and recover from conditions that have left them feeling low,

42、isolated and, in some cases,suicidal.a generation of young people are attracted by being able to receive fast, personal care and adviceusing their phone rather than having to wait up to 18 months to be treated by an nhs mental heathprofessional.the bottom line: theres safety in numbers. the more rec

43、ommendations a person has, the morepositive the outcome is likely to be for the employer. consider the job interview: its not only a tiny sample,its not even a sample of job behavior but of something else entirely. psychological theory and data show that4 the nhss forthcoming long-term plan, due nex

44、t month, will “harness(利用）all of the benefits theseadvancements can bring”，she added.meanwhile, 37% of the young people referred to nhs child and adolescent mental health services(camhs) in england last year were refused help, the childrenscommissioner has revealed.in an analysis of camhs care publi

45、shed on thursday, the childrens commissioner for england, annelongfield, says that despite promises by politicians and nhs bosses to improve access, “a vast gap remainsbetween what is provided and what children need”.the number of under-18s using kooth, a free online counselling(咨詢的）service, has sho

46、t up from20,000 in 2015 to 65,000 last year, and is forecast to rise further to 100,000 this year.one hundred nhs clinical commissioning groups across england, more than half the total, have nowcommissioned the service. it helps young people suffering from anxiety, low mood, poor self-worth orconfid

47、ence, self-harm and loneliness.while she found improvements in several areas of care, including care for eating disorders, newmothers and under- 18s in the criminal justice system, overall “the current rate of progress is still not goodenough for the majority of children who require help but are not

48、 receiving it”.45online help can be characterized as ._“young people like the fact they can talk to a counsellor either instantly, or within 10 minutes, for upto an hour in theevenings. they love that immediacy”，said aaron sefi, the research and evaluation directorat xenzone, the company behind koot

49、h.ainstant, confidential and controllablebattractive, convenient and symbolicceffective, accessible and controversialdconsiderate, authentic and impractical“users tell us that calm harm helps with suicidal thoughts and intent,” said dr. nihara krause, theconsultant clinical psychologist who develope

50、d the app. “currently 92% of our users, who are mainly femaleand often aged 15-21, say the urge reduced.”46teenagers suffer from mental problems mainly because_ .athey lack professional guidancebthey tend to be more self-centredcalm harm is among 18 apps that nhs england has endorsed(支持）to help cope

51、 with mentalill-health. they also include bluelce, which helps young people manage their emotions using a mood diaryand automatic routing(自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)接) to emergency help numbers if their urges to self-harm continue.experts welcomed the trend but warned that online help must complement, not replace, face-to-

52、faceappointments with therapists, psychologists and psychiatrists.csocial media make them feel less confidentdsocial media keep them distant from each other47calm harm helps teenagers to_.akeep a journal of their moodsbmanage their feeling of stress“most young people spend much of their time online,

53、 and it can feel easier for themto communicatethrough messaging and online services than face-to-face,” said tom madders, campaigns director at youngminds, which helps people under 26.creduce the urge to harm themselvesdimprove their self-identity and confidence48experts believe that online help can

54、_.“evidence-based mental health apps and online support services can be really beneficial in helpingyoung people to look after their own mental health, develop strategies for coping with difficult emotions, andget accessible information and advice when they need it.”astrengthen bonds between teenage

55、rs with mental illnessesbplay a role in pushing forward the cutting-edge advancecreplace face-to-face appointments with professionalsdserve as a complement to face-to-face appointments49according to anne longfield, nhs child and adolescent mental health services _.ahave lived up to their expectations and promisesclaire murdoch, nhs englands national mental health director, said: “technology is constantlyevolving and young people are usually at the forefront, so its no surprise increasing numbers are turning toservices like these which can certainly play a part, particularly when backed u