廣東 RJ人教版 初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)水平考試 升學(xué)考試 試題試卷 【2018年中考英語(yǔ) 真題 真卷】(含答案解析)

1、2018年廣州市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試英語(yǔ)本試卷共四大題，12頁(yè)，滿分110分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必在答題卡上用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆填寫自己的考生號(hào)、姓名、考點(diǎn)考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)，再用2b鉛筆把對(duì)應(yīng)這兩個(gè)號(hào)碼的標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2b鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需要改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域的相應(yīng)位置上；如需要改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案，改動(dòng)的答案也不能超出指定的區(qū)域；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆、圓珠筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答

2、案無(wú)效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔，考試結(jié)東，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、語(yǔ)法選擇(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，從115各題所給的a、b、c和d項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。xianxinghaiwasaveryfamousmusicianinchina.hewroteoneofthegreatestpiecesofmusicofthe20thcentury.inhisshortlifehewrote-1300songsandanopera.xianwasborninpanyu,guangdong,chinain19

3、05.becausehisfatherdiedbeforehewasborn,xianmovedfromplacetoplacewith-2mother.hebeganlearningtoplay_3violinwhenhewas20yearsold.inthebeginning,hisviolinwascheapandbadlymadethathe_5notplayitwell.hisfriendslaughedathim.xiandidnotstop6andsoonshowedhistalent.in1934,hewasoneofthefirstchinesestudents_7studi

4、edinaspecialmusicschoolinparis.beforehe8,xianbecametheschoolsbeststudent9wonseveralprizesforhistalents.in1935,hereturnedtochinaandhelpedfightagainstthejapanesearmy.later,hecametoyanan10musicatacollege.11therewerenopianosinyananatthattime,xianstillwrote12ofhismostimportantmusicthere,includingtheyello

5、wriverhismostfamouswork.第1頁(yè)共15頁(yè)inmay1940,xian13tothesovietunionbythechinesecommunistpartytowritemusicformovies.inthesovietunion,lifewasvery14.xiangotsickandlaterdiedofalungillness15october30,1945,agedonly40.xiansmusic,however,livesoninthepeopleshearts.1.a.near2.a.he3.a.a4.a.sob.nearlyb.himb.anb.such

6、c.nearbyc.hisc.thec.veryd.nearerd.hesd.thisd.muchb.may5.a.needc.shouldd.could6.a.practice7.a.what8.a.leave9.a.and10.a.teach11.a.if12.a.any13.asent14.ahard15.a.atb.practicingb.whichb.leavesb.butb.taughtb.althoughb.littleb.wassentb.harderb.inc.topracticec.whomc.leftc.asc.teachingc.whenc.fewc.hassentc.

7、hardestc.ond.practisedd.whod.wasleavingd.ord.toteachd.becaused.somed.wassendingd.thehardestd.by二、完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1625各題所給的a、b、c和d項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。beforegraduatingcollege,jackiebegantolookforajob.sheaimedatafamouscompany,butthe16forsuchjobswasverystrong.thecompanyjackiech

8、oseplannedtoemployonlyoneperson,butmorethantwentypeopleappliedforthejob.17,jackiewasoneofthethreepeopleinvitedforthefinalinterview.theinterviewwasvery18_.theintervieweraskedjustafewquestionsanditwasalloverinlessthan10minutes.thentheinterviewersaidtothem,allofyouareverygood.pleasegohomeand19ourrespon

9、se.”threedayslater,jackiereceivedamessagesayingshewouldnotbe20thejob.she第2頁(yè)共15頁(yè)feltdeeplydisappointed.thatevening.howevershereceivedanother21.thistimeitsaidthatshegotthejob.jackielaterfoundoutthatthefirstmessagesenttoherphonewaspartoftheinterview-a22toseeifshewassuitableforthejob.allthethreepeoplere

10、ceivedthe_23_text,butonlyjackiesreply24thecompanyofthethree,onedidnotreply.theothersaid“goodbye”andjackiesaid“thankyou”.thisreplyshowedthatjackiewasa/an25person,sothecompanyofferedherthejob.16.a.examb.workc.competitiond.plan17.a.thankfully18.a.long19.a.pickup20.a.offered21.a.letter22.aguideb.unlucki

11、lyb.strictb.waitforb.returnedb.e-mailb.conversationc.hopefullyc.interestingc.dealwithc.refusedc.callc.testd.immediatelyd.simpled.thinkofd.shownd.messaged.lesson23.a.sameb.otherc.secondd.whole24.a.reached25.a.braveb.satisfiedb.cleverc.helpedc.polited.surprisedd.honest三、閱讀(共兩節(jié):滿分45分)第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共20小題;每小題2

12、分,滿分40分)閱讀下列短文，從2645各題所給的a、b、c和d項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。（a）forhiseleventhbirthday,linwasgivenagiftthatwouldshapehislife.onthatdayhisfathertookhimtothechildrensactivitycentreandsaidhecouldchooseanycoursethatinterestedhim.therewasjustonerequirement:linwouldhavetopromisetostudyitforatleastoneyear.tothatpo

13、intlinhadhadmanyhobbies,butnonekepthisinterestformorethanaweekortwo.hismumoncegavehimabagofstampstoencouragestampcollecting.thathobbylastedaweek.thenhisfathergothimsomepaintshopingthatlinsartisticsidewouldshinethrough.第3頁(yè)共15頁(yè)thosepaintswerenowunderhisbed,stillunopened.thistimelinsparentswouldlethimd

14、ecide.linseyesmoveddownthenoticeboardthatlistedallthecoursesonoffer.hestoppedatphotography.helikedtheideaoftakingbeautifulpicturesbutthenoticesaidthateachstudentneededtheirowncamera.althoughlinsfamilywerentpoor,theywerentricheither,andacameracostalotofmoney.hecontinuedlooking.thenextcoursetocatchhis

15、eyewaslanguageart.hedidntevenknowwhatthatmeant.hisfatherexplainedthatittaughtpeoplehowtomakepublicspeeches.lin,ashyboy,couldthinkofnothingworse.thenhesawit.cookingsoundedlikesomethinghedliketodo.itwasinexpensiveandconvenient,itcouldbedonealoneanditwasalsocreative.basedonlinshobbyhistory,hisdadhaddou

16、bts,butheagreed.muchtohisparentssurprise,linkepthispromise.hestudiedcookingatthecentreeverysaturday,andpractisedathome,makingdeliciousmealsforhisfamily.everyonelookedforwardtobirthdays,whentheycouldeathiscakes.lingotgreatsatisfactionfromthepleasurehisfoodbroughttoothers.themonthsturnedtoyearsbuthish

17、obbyneverchangedagain.nowlinisanadultandrunsasuccessfulrestaurant.whencustomerssaytheyenjoyhismeal,hestillgetsthesamepleasurehedidasachild,andremembersthespecialgifthereceivedallthoseyearsago.26.whydidntlinchoosetostudyphotography?a.itwastooexpensive.b.hehadnointerestinit.c.hewasnotverycreative.d.it

18、wasnotofferedthatterm.27.theunderlinedexpressioncatchhiseyeinparagraph4means“”.a.makehimexcitedb.causehimsurprisec.gethisattentiond.helphimseeclearly第4頁(yè)共15頁(yè)28.whichofthefollowingbestdescribeslinsinterestincooking?a.itonlylastedforashorttime.b.itseemedtomatchhischaracter.c.itwasforcedonhimbyhisparent

19、s.d.itdevelopedslowlyovermanymonths.29.whydidthefatherhavedoubtsaboutlinschoiceofcooking?a.linwasntgoodatcooking.b.cookingwasntveryconvenient.c.hedidntthinklinwouldcontinue.d.cookingwasntagoodhobbyforaboy.30.whatsthebesttitleforthepassage?a.astrictfatherb.achangeableboyc.thefunofcookingd.thebirthday

20、gift（b）expertsbelievethattherearemorethan8millionrestaurantsintheworldtoday.soitmightsurpriseyoutolearnthatrestaurants,asweknowthem,haveonlyexistedforafewcenturies.before1765,therewerenorestaurants.thatis,therewerenoplacesthatprovidedtherestaurantexperience.therewasnowhereinwhichawaiterbroughtyoufoo

21、danddrinkthatyoupickedfromamenu.infact,therewerenomenusanywhere.therewereeatingplacestravelerscouldgotocenturiesbeforethat.thecountrysidewasfullofinnsthatwouldservefood.andthereweretavernswhereonecouldgetdrinks.therichcouldalsoeatspecialmealspreparedbyprivatecooks.butnoneofthemcouldbecalleda“restaur

22、ant”.amancalledboulangerchangedthat.in1765,heopenedaplaceinparisthatsoldsoups(湯).onhissignheusedthewordrestauranttodescribewhathewasselling.atthattime,soupswereconsideredsomethingthatcouldhelprestore(恢復(fù))yourhealth-infrenchthewordrestoreis“restaurer”-sohecalledthesoupsrestaurants.soon,peoplestartedbu

23、yingboulangerssoupsevenwhentheywerenotill.andovertime,peoplebegantousethewordrestauranttorefertoa第5頁(yè)共15頁(yè)placesellingsoupratherthanthesoupitself.morerestaurantsopenedinfrance,andpeoplebegantobuysoupsmoreoften.later,restaurantsinparisbegantoserveotherfoodbesidessoup.inthe1790s,menusstartedtoappear.byt

24、hemid-1800s,thereweremanytypesofrestaurantsthroughouttheworld.theunitedstatesofferedcoffeeshops.teahousesbecamepopularthroughoutchina.pariscreatedbeautifulrestaurantsfortherich.thebritishbegantocopythefrench,andtherestaurantideaspreadthroughoutthebritishempire.todaycitiesarefilledwithalltypesofresta

25、urants.dinershavemillionsofoptionsfromwhichtochoose.31.whatisthepassagemainlyabout?a.howrestaurantsdevelopedb.whatmadeagoodrestaurant.c.whocreatedthefirstrestaurantd.whyrestaurantsbecamepopular.32.accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatmaderestaurantsdifferentfromearliereatingplaces?a.restaurantsonlyserve

26、dfoodb.restaurantsweremoreexpensivec.restaurantsweremainlyincitiesd.restaurantshadalistofmealchoices33.whodidboulangerexpecttocomeandeatathisrestaurant?a.richpeopleb.sickpeople.c.travelers.d.workers.34.whenitwasfirstused.whatdidthewordrestaurantreferto?a.aperson.b.aplace.c.illness.第6頁(yè)共15頁(yè)d.soup.35.w

27、hendidrestaurantsbegintogrowinternationally?a.inthe1600s.b.inthe1700s.c.inthe1800s.d.inthe1900s.（c）manypeopleknowthatrubbishisabigproblemonplanetearth.whatmanypeopledontknowisthatjunk(垃圾)hasbecomeaprobleminouterspacetoo.accordingtobbcnews,therearemorethan22,000piecesofspacejunkfloatingaroundtheearth

28、.andthesearejustthethingsthatwecanseefromthesurfaceoftheearthbytelescopes(望遠(yuǎn)鏡).therearealsomillionsofsmallerpiecesofjunkthatwecantsee.objects,likebitsofoldspacerocketsorsatellites,movearoundtheplanetatveryhighspeedsfastthatevenaverysmallpiececanbreakimportantsatellitesorbecomedangeroustoastronauts.i

29、fthetiniestpieceofjunkcrashedintoaspaceship,itcoulddamagethevehicle.tomakethingsworse,whentwoobjectsinspacecrash,theybreakintomanysmallerpieces.forexample,whenau.s.satellitehitanoldrussianrocketin2009,itbrokeintomorethan2,000pieces,increasingtheamountofspacejunk.toreduceadditionalspacejunk,countries

30、haveagreedthatallnewspacetoolscanonlystayinspacefor25yearsatmost.eachtoolmustbebuilttofallsafelyintotheearthsatmosphereafterthattime.intheupperpartsoftheatmosphere,itwillburnup.manyscientistsalsosuggestingdifferentwaystocleanupspacejunk.inenglandscientistsaretestingametalnetthatcanbefiredintospaceju

31、nk.thenetcatchesthejunkandthenpullsitintotheearthsatmospheretoburnup.thegermansarebuildingrobotsthatcancollectpiecesofspacejunkandbringthembacktoearthtobesafelydestroyed.theproblemisbecomingmorechallengingbecauseweresendingmoreobjectsintospacetohelppeopleusetheirmobilephonesandcomputers,”saysmarcoca

32、stronuovo,anitalianspaceresearcher.,“thetimetoactisnow.thelongerweleavetheproblem,thebiggeritwillbecome”hesays.第7頁(yè)共15頁(yè)36.whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”inparagraph2referto?a.telescopes.b.satellites.c.piecesofspacejunk.d.bbcnewsreports.37.whyisspacejunkconsideredaproblem?a.itbunsupafteritre-entersth

33、eatmosphereb.itoftenstopstheviewoftelescopesonearthc.itcouldforcenewspacetoolstotravelatslowerspeedsd.itmaycrashintootherspacetoolscausingdamageordeath38.countrieswantfuturespacetoolstobeabletofallbackintotheearthsatmospheresothat.a.thetoolscanbereusedlaterb.thetoolsdontbecomespacejunkc.theearthsatm

34、ospherecanstaycleand.theeffectsofspaceflightcanbestudied39.howdothegermansplantodealwithspacejunk?a.catchitwithnets.b.userobotstocollectit.c.burnitintheearthsatmosphere.d.senditfurtherawayfromtheearth.40.inwhichsectionofthenewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthisarticle?a.environment.b.localnews.c.educatio

35、n.d.fashion.（d）scienceforkidsthismonthsmostpopularbooks第8頁(yè)共15頁(yè)1.womeninsciencebyrachelignotofskyprice$25specialofferforthismonthonly,allbestbooksweallknowthestoryofmariecurieandherbookclubmanyscientificachievements.butmanyothermemberswillpay20%lessforeverybrilliantfemalescientistsarefarlesswellbooko

36、rdered.joinourclubforfreeandknown.thisbookisagreatintroductiontothesavebigmoney!livesandworksofsomeofthemostimportantandup-to-nowunknownwomeninscience.recommendedforages:12-15ordernow2.firstbigbookofhowbyjillesbaumprice$15deliverywebringeverybookyouordernighttoanexcellentbookaboutsealifeforyoungourd

37、oorwithinthreedays.forbestbookschildren.thebookisdividedinto4parts,onebookclubmembersthisisfree.non-membersforeachofthepacific,atlantic,indianandmustpayanextra$2perbook.arcticoceans.itfocusesonthedifferentanimalsfoundineachoftheseseas,alongwithinterestingfactsandamazingpictures.ages:5-10ordernow3.ar

38、eallyshorthistoryofnearlyeverythingbybillbrysonprice$15billbrysontakesreadersonaveryfunnyandeducationaltripthroughthehistoryofmodernscience-fromitsunexpectedsuccessestoitsgreatfailuresandeverythinginbetween.ages:14andoverordernow4.nationalgeographicsfirstbigbookoftheworldbyjancarn.第9頁(yè)共15頁(yè)price$20thi

39、sbookistheperfectintroductiontothesevencontinents.ittellsyoungreadersaboutthedifferentanimalsthatliveoneachoftheselandsandgivesasimpledescriptionofthepeopleshistoryandculture.ages:5-12ordernow41.howarethebooksonthiswebpagelisted?a.byprice.b.bypopularity.c.byreadersage.d.bywritersname.42.whatistrueab

40、outthebookwomeninscience?a.itismainlyaboutmariecurieshistory.b.itlistsalltheimportantscientificachievements.c.itincludeswomenscientiststhatarentfamous.d.itismostlyaboutthedevelopmentofmodemscience.43.howmuchwillabestbooksbookclubmemberpayintotalifheordersfirstbigbookofhowandareallyshorthistoryofnear

41、lyeverythingtoday?a.$34.b.$30.c.$26.d.$24.44.aprimaryschoolstudentwhoneedstowriteasciencereportaboutafricanelephantsshouldchoose.a.womeninscienceb.firstbigbookofhowc.areallyshorthistoryofnearlyeverythingd.nationalgeographicsfirstbigbookoftheworld第10頁(yè)共15頁(yè)45.whatisthemainpurposeofthiswebpage?a.tosellb

42、ookstoyoungreaders.b.toattractnewbookclubmembers.c.toencouragestudentsinterestinscience.d.toreviewbooksyoungreadersmightlike.第二節(jié)閱讀填空(共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)閱讀短文及文后ae選項(xiàng)，選出可以填入4650各題空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。mostofusthinkthetelephonewasinventedbyalexandergrahambell.46fact,anitaliannamedantoniomeucciwasofficiallyr

43、ecognized(認(rèn)定)astheinventorafewyearsago.whoismeucciandwhywasntheknownforhisinventionatthetime?antoniomeucciwasborninitalyin1808.hestudiedengineeringanddrawing.duringhisstudies,meuccistartedtoexperimentwithelectricity.47whentwoplaceswereconnectedwithwire,peopleinthoseplacescouldheareachothertalk.in185

44、0,meucciandhiswife.ester.movedtonewyork.meucciwasworriedabouthiswife,becauseshehadbecomeveryill.48tosolvethisproblem,heconnectedmetalcablesbetweenhishomeandhisworkshop.thisway,theycouldtalktoeachotherconveniently.meucciinvitedagroupofpeopletoseehisnewinvention.theylistenedinamazementasthevoiceofasingerwasheardthroughthewires.49evenworse,meuccineverappliedforapatent(專利)onhisinvention.meanwhile,alexandergrahambellwasworkingonthesameideaandin1876thepatentforthetelephonewasgiventohim.in2002,morethanacenturyaftermeuccisdeath,hisworkwasfinallyrecognizedbythegovernment.50a.hedis