[語(yǔ)言類(lèi)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料大全]劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)高級(jí)分類(lèi)模擬79

1、書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘學(xué)子：學(xué)業(yè)有成，金榜題名！語(yǔ)言類(lèi)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料大全劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)高級(jí)分類(lèi)模擬79劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)高級(jí)分類(lèi)模擬79READINGPART ONE A Globalisation is an umbrella term for a complex series of economic, social, technological, cultural and political changes seen as increasing interdependence, integration and interaction between people and com

2、panies in disparate locations. As a term, globalisation has been used as early as 1944 but economists began applying it around 1982. Theodore Levitt is usually credited with its coining through the article he wrote in 1983 for the Harvard Business Review entitled Globalisation of Markets. The more e

3、ncompassing phenomenon has been perceived in the context of sociological study on a worldwide scale. B Inflation risk is whether a rate of return or an investment keeps up with the rate of inflation. For example, if there is 4 percent inflation over the year, you must have 4 percent more money at th

4、e end of the year than at the beginning of the year to buy the same amount of goods and services. That means your stock need to go up in value more than 4 percent to earn a return on your investment. Stocks have generally done very well in this category. C A Low-Carbon Economy (LCE) is an economy wh

5、ich has a minimal output of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions into the biosphere, but specifically refers to the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. Recently, most of scientific and public opinion has come to the conclusion that there is such an accumulation of CHGs (especially CO2) in the atmosphere due to

6、 anthropogenic causes, that the climate is changing. The over-concentrations of these gases is producing global warming that affects long-term climate, with negative impacts on humanity in the foreseeable future. Globally implemented LCEs therefore, are proposed as a means to avoid catastrophic clim

7、ate change, and as a precursor to the more advanced, zero-carbon society and renewable-energy economy. D A web search engine, which is commonly named as a search engine, is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. The search results are usually presented in a list of results and are

8、 commonly called hits. The information may consist of web pages, images, information and other types of files. Some search engines also mine data available in databases or open directories. Unlike Web directories, which are maintained by human editors, search engines operate algorithmically or are a

9、 mixture of algorithmic and human input. E Cultural tourism (also called culture tourism or cultural heritage tourism) is the subset of tourism concerned with a country or regions culture, specifically the lifestyle of the people in those geographical areas, the history of those peoples, their art,

10、architecture, religion, and other elements that help shape their way of life. Cultural tourism includes tourism in urban areas, particularly historic or large cities and their cultural facilities such as museums and theatres. It can also include tourism in rural areas showcasing the traditions of in

11、digenous cultural communities (i. e. festivals, rituals), and their values and lifestyle. 1. This term reflects a stocks sensibility to unexpected changes in the inflation rate.答案: B2. This term is sometimes used to describe the pursuit of free market policies in the world economy.答案: A3. This term

12、refers to a tool used for searching on the Internet.答案: D4. This term has been presented to describe a popular form of entertainment for the global public.答案: E5. This term has been presented with the purpose of protecting the global environment.答案: C6. This term has been used in a limited sphere, a

13、nd people who dont use or have never used the Internet dont benefit from it.答案:D解析 與該段內(nèi)容相匹配的選項(xiàng)句有兩個(gè)，即第1句和第4句。第1句意在本段第一句給出的“全球化”的定義中，正好反映了這樣的一個(gè)含義。首先，“全球化”的范圍是“世界不同地區(qū)”，涉及的領(lǐng)域中首先包括的就是“經(jīng)濟(jì)(領(lǐng)域)”，正好對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)中的“世界經(jīng)濟(jì)”。而第1句中的“自由的市場(chǎng)政策”又可以從定義中的幾個(gè)“相互”關(guān)系的描述中得到體現(xiàn)。故第1句為相關(guān)選項(xiàng)。第4句意這一結(jié)論可以從文中第2句推斷出來(lái)，故第4句也為正確選項(xiàng)。 B答案精解 與該段內(nèi)容相匹配的

14、選項(xiàng)只有一個(gè)，即第2句。從本段對(duì)于“通貨膨脹風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”的定義和描述中可以推斷出，該句為正確選項(xiàng)。而其他選項(xiàng)均未提到“通貨膨脹”或“股票”，故可以確定，僅有第2句為本段術(shù)語(yǔ)概念的匹配選項(xiàng)。 C答案精解 與該段內(nèi)容相匹配的選項(xiàng)句有兩個(gè)，即第3句和第7句。從本段內(nèi)容對(duì)于“低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)”的定義和解釋的第12句中可以判斷，“低碳”主要指“低二氧化碳排出”，而“二氧化碳”氣體主要是汽車(chē)等使用燃料的機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)的主要排出物。從而可以得出第3句為相關(guān)選項(xiàng)。另外，從該段內(nèi)容的最后一句可以得出：這一概念的提出與推行是防止災(zāi)難性氣候變化的一種手段，目的是“保護(hù)環(huán)境”。所以第3句和第7句均為正確選項(xiàng)。 D答案精解 與該段內(nèi)容相匹配

15、的選項(xiàng)句有兩個(gè)，即第5句和第8句。這兩句的含義均可以從本段第一句對(duì)于“搜索引擎”的定義中得出。首先，可以得出的是“搜索引擎”在萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)上使用并進(jìn)行搜索信息(第5句的相關(guān)內(nèi)容)。再者，因?yàn)椤八阉饕妗钡氖褂梅秶窃谝蛱鼐W(wǎng)上，故可以確定，其使用領(lǐng)域有限，故可以進(jìn)一步判斷出“從來(lái)不用因特網(wǎng)的人是不會(huì)從中獲益的”(第8句)的描述是正確的。故第5句與第8句為正確選項(xiàng)。 E答案精解 與該段內(nèi)容相匹配的選項(xiàng)句只有一個(gè)，即第6句。而從該段內(nèi)容中可以得出，“文化旅游”本身就是“旅游業(yè)項(xiàng)目中的一個(gè)分支或一種形式”，而所謂“旅游”，其目的之一就是娛樂(lè)身心。故第6句為正確選項(xiàng)。 7. This term is also

16、 referred to as Low-Fossil-Fuel Economy which is proposed to cope with climate change.答案: C8. This term was first used in economic field 38 years later than it had been first presented.答案: APART TWOMatch each of the descriptions in the box to one of the graphs below. fluctuated wildly increased stea

17、dily diverged significantly developed in a similar way reached a peak remained relatively stable recovered slightly continued on an upward trend with some fluctuations recorded a sharp rise 1. _ 答案: fluctuated wildly2. _ 答案: reached a peak3. _ 答案: continued on an upward trend with some fluctuations4

18、. _ 答案: remained relatively stable5. _ 答案: recovered slightly6. _ 答案: increased steadily7. _ 答案: developed in a similar way8. _ 答案: diverged significantlyPART THREE Human resource is one of the key factors in determining organizational coping and profitabilityDespite adverse market conditions and fl

19、uctuations，many organizations have implemented changes that seek to improve their competitivenessThe consequences of organizational change，however，can varySometimes，the employees may accept the change readily；at other times，the change is met with resistance and dissatisfaction of the employees Chang

20、e and stress are closely relatedBecause of the feelings of uncertainty， insecurity，and threat that it invokes，organizational change can be extremely stressful for the individualWhen change occurs，employees may be stressed by role overload，role ambiguity，and role boundary According to Selye，a little

21、stress is actually goodWhen stress is at its optimal level，it can increase human resource potential as it spurs individuals to achieve their best working performances However，stress can become negative and destructive when its optimal 1evel is exceededThis could result in individuals experiencing hi

22、gh levels of anxiety or depression，low job motivation，somatic problems such as headaches，loss of appetite， trouble sleeping and ill healthIn an organization that has many of its employees overly stressed or burned out，there are many detrimental consequences such as higher absenteeism，lower productiv

23、ity，lower job satisfaction，and low morale There is variation in the manner individuals respond to organizational change Individuals may undergo a simiIar change process in the organization，but the stress evoked by the change can be perceived very differentlySome individuals may regard change as a th

24、reat，feeling distressed and fearful of the uncertain consequences of the changeOthers may react to the change with outbursts of anger and complaintsYet there are also those who welcome change with an optimistic attitude，seeing change as a challenge，an opportunity for growth and improvement What acco

25、unts for the differences in experiencing change and perceiving stress forthese individuals? Many studies suggest organizational characteristics，such as workplaceclimate，empowerment，and information about change，as factors that affect an individuals adjustment to organizational change and stressHoweve

26、r，the research is often focused on organization-level phenomena，rather than on individual factors Every person has a distinct set of personality characteristics，owns different resources，and employs different coping strategies to deal with changeThis explains why coping with organizational change and

27、 stress can turn out to be very different experiences for individualsFor instance，recent micro-level research on individuals has identified dispositional traits that predict a persons ability to cope with changeHence，on top of looking at organizational factors，this study also examines individual fac

28、tors that may help to maximize an individuals potential to work productively and efficiently in the midst of change 1. According to the second paragraph，what is the most possible and proper statement about the reason why change and stress are closely related?A.Change can be the motivation of stress

29、and through their mutual interaction，there will be improvementB.Stress causes change to occur，and may bring negative effects such as the chang of the job and the reduction of the salaryC.Organizational change is a primary cause of stress and when change occurs，employees often experience role stressD

30、.Change and stress are a pair of phenomena that will both appear in the process of employment答案:C解析 此題是對(duì)文章第二段內(nèi)容的考查。為什么壓力和變化緊密相連。根據(jù)原文可得：企業(yè)變化發(fā)生時(shí)，員工常常會(huì)產(chǎn)生角色壓力。由此可得答案為C。2. Why，according to Selye，is a little stress good to employees to some extent?A.As it mobilizes an individual to achieve peak performanc

31、es in activities and tasksB.As，if without stress，nothing can be achieved successfully and fullyC.As stress is an important way to prevent inaction and languor during the working processD.As stress is the ligament between the employees and the organizations and helps the organizations to identify qua

32、lified employees答案:A解析 此題是對(duì)文章細(xì)節(jié)的考查。在第三段中提到，適當(dāng)?shù)膲毫δ苁箚T工盡可能的發(fā)揮出自己的潛能，因此，可得答案為A。3. According to the fourth paragraphwhat should the organization do about the impact of the stress?A.The organization should take some measures to prevent stress and provide more freedom for the employeesB.It is in the organi

33、zationS best interest to reduce the amount of distress coming from the organizational change，so as to enhance its human resource potentialC.The organization should disregard the impact，otherwise，the interest and efficiency could be affectedD.The organization should know what causes the stress and el

34、iminates the origins of the stress答案:B解析 此題是對(duì)文章第四段的考查。原文第四段主要內(nèi)容是列舉了員工在面對(duì)壓力之時(shí)的各種表現(xiàn)，從最后一句可得員工壓力過(guò)大會(huì)帶來(lái)缺勤率較高，生產(chǎn)效率低下等問(wèn)題。由此，可以推斷企業(yè)要盡量減少或者避免出現(xiàn)上述問(wèn)題。故答案為B。4. What does the writer imply in the fourth paragraph?A.Organizations can increase communication and disseminate adequate information about the change to e

35、mployeesB.Organizations can help employees through training and educating them on how to cope with stressC.Organizations can create a supportive environment at the workplace and it is vital that both superiors and colleagues play a partD.That would be beneficial for the company if the employees are

36、in a good state of psychological and emotional well-being，instead of being overly stressed or burned out答案:D解析 跟上題類(lèi)似，此題是對(duì)第四段內(nèi)容的推斷。從文中可得，員工壓力過(guò)大會(huì)帶來(lái)缺勤率較高，生產(chǎn)效率低下等問(wèn)題。因此，可以推測(cè)出如果員工心理因素較好，不出現(xiàn)壓力過(guò)大的現(xiàn)象，對(duì)企業(yè)是有好處的。故答案為D。5. From the last paragraph，in summary，what is the element that also causes differences in the

37、way people experience change?A.The differences in the gender，age，nationality and personalityB.Dispositional traits that predict a persons ability to cope with changeC.It is maximizing an individuals potential to work productively and efficiently in the midst of changeD.Differences in the way people

38、perceive stress is also due to the uniqueness of individuals答案:D解析 在文章最后一段提到了，個(gè)人性格不同會(huì)造成個(gè)人在表達(dá)方式上的不同。故答案為D。6. What is the theme of lhis article?A.Maximizing human resource potential would mean that employees are in their top form performing for the organizationB.The organizational change can affect hu

39、man resource potentialC.Organizations can increase communication and disseminate adequate information about the change to employeesD.Organizations can empower their employees to play a more active role in the implementation of change答案:B解析 本題是對(duì)文章主旨的歸納。通看全文，說(shuō)的都是企業(yè)變動(dòng)和人力資源的關(guān)系，故選項(xiàng)B為最佳答案。PART FOUR Langua

40、ge learning for the busy executive If youve ever been told by your boss to improve your knowledge of a foreign language youll know that success doesnt come quickly. It generally takes years to learn another language well and constant 1 to maintain the high standards required for frequent business us

41、e. Whether you study in a class, with audiocassettes, computers or on your 2 sooner or 3 every language course finishes and you must decide what to do next if you need a foreign language for your career. Business Audio Magazines is a new product designed to help you continue language study in a way

42、that fits easily into your busy schedule. Each audiocassette 4 of an hour-long programme packed with business news, features and interviews in the language of your choice. These cassettes wont teach you how to order meals or ask for directions. It is 5 that you can do that already. Instead, by givin

43、g you an opportunity to hear the language as its really spoken, they help you to 6 your vocabulary and improve your ability to use real language relating to, for example, that all-important marketing trip. The great advantage of using audio magazines is that they 7 you to perfect your language skill

44、s in ways that suit your lifestyle. For example, you can select a topic and listen in your car or hotel when away on business. No other business course is as 8 and the unique radio-magazine format is as instructive as it is entertaining. In addition to the audiocassette, this package includes a tran

45、script with a business glossary and a study 9 The components are structured so that intermediate and advanced students may use them separately or together, 10 on their ability. 1.A.afterB.thenC.laterD.quicker答案:C2.A.consistsB.includesC.containsD.involves答案:A3.A.insistedB.acquiredC.assertedD.assumed答

46、案:D4.A.prolongB.extendC.spreadD.lift答案:B5.A.allowB.letC.supportD.offer答案:A6.A.adjustableB.flexibleC.convertibleD.variable答案:B7.A.additionB.supplementC.extraD.manuscript答案:B8.A.accordingB.dependingC.relatingD.basing答案:B9.A.exerciseB.performanceC.practiceD.operation答案:C10.A.selfB.individualC.personalD

47、.own答案:DPART FIVESuccessful collaboration When colleagues act in ways that seem unproductive, they are likely to do so for a reason. Few people have the goal of preventing you from getting things done. 1 is more likely that they are responding rationally to a perceived interest. Someone may be abrup

48、t because he is faced 2 an important deadline and wants to get back to work. Another may disparage an attempt to be creative because she has high standards, and wants to keep looking for an even better idea. 3 there might be more constructive ways for them to pursue such goals, these goals are usual

49、ly legitimate. Try to imagine 4 the motivation for their behaviour might be. When you discuss an issue with colleagues, start with the assumption that they would 5 prepared to help. yours. And I know you have been terribly busy and perhaps concerned about cutting costs. Still I would welcome your th

50、inking about an issue that is on 6 mind. Knowing that you want to see their point of view will make it easier 7 them to see yours.And it will reassure them that you appreciate their concerns, and that any new proposal will 8 those concerns into account. The degree of successful collaboration in a group is the sum of individual behaviour. Everyone contributes 9 the difficulties. You may not be aware of the