汽車專業(yè)英語(幻燈片)Chapter 5 Clutch(3.13.2)

1、chapter 3 power train review 1: whats the main function of chassis? conveys the drive to the wheels absorbs the road shocks controls the direction of movement slows down the vehicle provides the support for automotive components 3.1 overview of power train chapter 3 power train review 2: list the ma

2、in parts of chassis. power train running gear steering system braking system chapter 3 power train power train 1clutch 2transmission 3uj (universal joints) 4drive shaft 5final drive 6differential 7half-shaft chapter 3 power train running gear 1front axle 2rear axle 3suspension 4frame 5wheel chapter

3、3 power train steering system 1steering wheel 2steering axle 3steering gear/box 4steering knuckle 5track rod chapter 3 power train braking system chapter 3 power train review 3: list the types of chassis layout. ff = front engine front drive fr = front engine rear drive rr = rear engine rear drive m

4、r = middle engine rear drive n wd = all wheel drive chapter 3 power trainff=front engine front drive advantages: 1. lower floor gives good cornering and low car gives small air resistance 2. short car 3. flat floor, no propeller shaft tunnel or gearbox protrusions 4. majority of weight at front give

5、s good grip and good cornering disadvantages: 1. complicated structure and technology 2. high cost 3. hard to service application: saloon car (br. e.)= sedan (am. e.) chapter 3 power trainfr=front engine rear drive advantages: 1. fairly even load applied to each wheel 2. main components easily remov

6、ed 3. simple type of universal joint is used disadvantages: 1. low efficiency 2. big weight 3. the height of floor is limited application: most trucks, some saloon cars, some buses chapter 3 power trainrr=rear engine rear drive advantages: 1 large load on driving wheels gives good grip 2 compact lay

7、out, short car disadvantages: 1. remote operating system is complicated located 2. engine cannt prevent dust well 3. hard to service application: heavy and middle passenger cars chapter 3 power trainmr=middle engine rear drive advantages: 1. concentrative weight 2. high efficiency 3. good handling p

8、roperties disadvantages: 1. engine needs special design 2. hard to service 3. complicated remote operating system application: most sports cars chapter 3 power trainn wd=all wheel drive advantages: 1. fairly even load applied to each wheel 2. each tire is evenly abraded 3. best cross-country capabil

9、ity disadvantages: 1. complicated structure and high cost 2. hard to service 3. big weight and low efficiency application: jeep and cross-country vehicles chapter 3 power train review 4: list the drive line of a fr automobile. chapter 3 power train review 5: whats the function of clutch? 3.2 clutch

10、it disengages the engine from the transmission to allow for gear changing. it is a means for gradually engaging the engine to the driving wheels. chapter 3 power train . dry friction clutch when a vehicle is to be moved from rest the clutch must engage a stationary transmission shaft with the engine

11、; this must be rotating at a high speed to provide sufficient power or else the load will be too great and the engine will stall (come to rest). 當(dāng)汽車原地起步時(shí)，離合器要將靜止的變速器軸同當(dāng)汽車原地起步時(shí)，離合器要將靜止的變速器軸同 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)接合起來，此時(shí)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)必須高速旋轉(zhuǎn)以提供發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)接合起來，此時(shí)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)必須高速旋轉(zhuǎn)以提供 足夠大的功率，否則載荷過大將引起發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)熄火。足夠大的功率，否則載荷過大將引起發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)熄火。 chapter 3 power trai

12、n to start the engine, the driver must depress the clutch pedal. this disengages the transmission from the engine. to move the car, the driver must reengage the transmission to the engine. however, the engagement of the parts must be gradual. an engine at idle develops little power. if the two parts

13、 were connected too quickly,the engine would stall. 為了起動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，駕駛員必須踩下離合器踏板，使為了起動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，駕駛員必須踩下離合器踏板，使 變速器與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)分離為了使汽車運(yùn)行，駕駛員必變速器與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)分離為了使汽車運(yùn)行，駕駛員必 須使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和變速器重新結(jié)合這些部件必須漸進(jìn)須使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和變速器重新結(jié)合這些部件必須漸進(jìn) 的結(jié)合在一起發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)空轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)產(chǎn)生的功率很小，如的結(jié)合在一起發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)空轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)產(chǎn)生的功率很小，如 果兩個(gè)部件很快的結(jié)合，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)將熄火。果兩個(gè)部件很快的結(jié)合，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)將熄火。 chapter 3 power train coil spring dia

14、phragm spring review 6: list the types of clutch spring. coil spring clutch diaphragm spring clutch chapter 3 power train (pressure plate) throwout bearing 分離軸承分離軸承 basic words 離合器從動(dòng)盤 離合器蓋壓盤 離合器分離叉 離合器分離軸承轂 clutch housing (us english) = clutch plate chapter 3 power train review 7: list the main part

15、s of a dry clutch? driving memberdriven memberoperating member chapter 3 power train a driver depresses the clutch pedal to shift the gears inside the transmission. after the driver releases the clutch pedal, the clutch must act as solid coupling device. it must transmit all engine power to the tran

16、smission, without slipping. the dry clutch mechanism includes three basic parts: driving menmber, driven member and operating members. 駕駛員踩下離合器踏板來換擋。當(dāng)駕駛員釋放離合駕駛員踩下離合器踏板來換擋。當(dāng)駕駛員釋放離合 器踏板后，離合器必須作為剛性連接裝置，把發(fā)動(dòng)器踏板后，離合器必須作為剛性連接裝置，把發(fā)動(dòng) 機(jī)動(dòng)力全部傳給變速器而不能打滑。干摩擦離合器機(jī)動(dòng)力全部傳給變速器而不能打滑。干摩擦離合器 機(jī)構(gòu)包括三個(gè)基本部件：主動(dòng)部件，從動(dòng)部件和操機(jī)構(gòu)包括三個(gè)基本

17、部件：主動(dòng)部件，從動(dòng)部件和操 縱機(jī)構(gòu)?？v機(jī)構(gòu)。 chapter 3 power train driving member： chapter 3 power train the driving member: the driving member consists of two parts: the flywheel and the pressure plate. the flywheel is bolted directly to the engine crankshaft and rotates when the crankshaft turns. the pressure plate is

18、 bolted to the flywheel. the result is that both flywheel and pressure plate rotate together. 主動(dòng)部分由飛輪和壓盤兩部件組成。飛主動(dòng)部分由飛輪和壓盤兩部件組成。飛 輪用螺栓直接連接到發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)曲軸上，隨輪用螺栓直接連接到發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)曲軸上，隨 曲軸旋轉(zhuǎn)而旋轉(zhuǎn)。壓盤與飛輪連接，這曲軸旋轉(zhuǎn)而旋轉(zhuǎn)。壓盤與飛輪連接，這 樣飛輪和壓盤一起旋轉(zhuǎn)。樣飛輪和壓盤一起旋轉(zhuǎn)。 chapter 3 power train driven member： chapter 3 power train the driven member:

19、the driven member, or clutch disc, is located between the flywheel and pressure plate. the disc has a splined hub that locks to the splined input shaft on the gearbox. any rotation of the clutch disc turns the input shaft. likewise, any motion of the input shaft moves the clutch disc. the splines al

20、low the clutch disc to move forward and backward on the shaft as it engages and disengages. 從動(dòng)部分（或從動(dòng)盤）位于飛輪和壓盤之間。從動(dòng)盤上有從動(dòng)部分（或從動(dòng)盤）位于飛輪和壓盤之間。從動(dòng)盤上有 花鍵轂，連接著變速器上帶花鍵的輸入軸。從動(dòng)盤的旋轉(zhuǎn)花鍵轂，連接著變速器上帶花鍵的輸入軸。從動(dòng)盤的旋轉(zhuǎn) 帶動(dòng)變速器輸入軸隨之轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。同樣，輸入軸運(yùn)動(dòng)也帶動(dòng)從帶動(dòng)變速器輸入軸隨之轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。同樣，輸入軸運(yùn)動(dòng)也帶動(dòng)從 動(dòng)盤的運(yùn)動(dòng)當(dāng)離合器結(jié)合或分離時(shí)，花鍵允許從動(dòng)盤在動(dòng)盤的運(yùn)動(dòng)當(dāng)離合器結(jié)合或分離時(shí)，花鍵允許從動(dòng)盤在 輸入軸上前后

21、移動(dòng)輸入軸上前后移動(dòng) chapter 3 power train the driven member: the inner part of the clutch disc, called the hub flange, has a number of small coil springs. these springs are called torsional springs. they let the middle part of the clutch disc turn slightly on the hub. thus, the springs absorb the torsional v

22、ibrations of the crankshaft. when the springs have compressed completely, the clutch moves back until the springs relax. in other words, the clutch absorbs these engine vibrations, preventing the vibrations from going through the drive train. 當(dāng)從動(dòng)盤的內(nèi)側(cè)（轂緣）有一些叫作扭當(dāng)從動(dòng)盤的內(nèi)側(cè)（轂緣）有一些叫作扭 轉(zhuǎn)彈簧的小螺旋彈簧，這些彈簧使得從轉(zhuǎn)彈簧的小

23、螺旋彈簧，這些彈簧使得從 動(dòng)盤中部相對(duì)從動(dòng)盤轂?zāi)苡休p微轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，動(dòng)盤中部相對(duì)從動(dòng)盤轂?zāi)苡休p微轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)， 從而吸收曲軸的扭轉(zhuǎn)振動(dòng)。壓緊彈簧完從而吸收曲軸的扭轉(zhuǎn)振動(dòng)。壓緊彈簧完 全壓縮時(shí)，離合器向后移動(dòng)直到彈簧開全壓縮時(shí)，離合器向后移動(dòng)直到彈簧開 始伸張為止。也就是說，離合器吸收發(fā)始伸張為止。也就是說，離合器吸收發(fā) 動(dòng)機(jī)的振動(dòng)，防止振動(dòng)傳遞給傳動(dòng)系。動(dòng)機(jī)的振動(dòng)，防止振動(dòng)傳遞給傳動(dòng)系。 chapter 3 power train clutch disc with torsional spring not workingworking chapter 3 power train operating membe

24、rs : these are the parts that release pressure from the clutch disc. the operating members consist of the clutch pedal, clutch return spring, clutch linkage, clutch fork, and throwout bearing. the clutch linkage includes the clutch pedal and a mechanical or hydraulic system to move the other operati

25、ng members. 操縱機(jī)構(gòu)釋放離合器盤的壓力。操縱機(jī)構(gòu)由離合器操縱機(jī)構(gòu)釋放離合器盤的壓力。操縱機(jī)構(gòu)由離合器 踏板、回位彈簧、離合器桿系、分離叉和分離軸承踏板、回位彈簧、離合器桿系、分離叉和分離軸承 等組成。離合器桿系包括離合器踏板以及用來操縱等組成。離合器桿系包括離合器踏板以及用來操縱 其它部件的機(jī)械式或液壓式操縱系統(tǒng)。其它部件的機(jī)械式或液壓式操縱系統(tǒng)。 chapter 3 power train mechanical clutch operating system chapter 3 power train chapter 3 power train hydraulic clutch

26、operating system 踏踏 板板 pedal 儲(chǔ)儲(chǔ) 液液 室室 reservoir 主主 缸缸 工工 作作 缸缸 slave cylinder 分離軸承分離軸承 throwout bearing 分離杠桿分離杠桿 release levers 分離叉分離叉release fork 推推 桿桿 push rod 推推 桿桿 chapter 3 power train chapter 3 power train operating members : when the clutch pedal is depressed, the clutch linkage operates the

27、clutch fork. the clutch fork, or release fork, moves the throwout bearing against the pressure plate release levers. these levers then compress springs that normally hold the clutch disc tightly against the flywheel. 踩下離合器踏板，離合器桿系操縱分離叉踩下離合器踏板，離合器桿系操縱分離叉 。分離叉帶動(dòng)分離軸承壓向壓盤上的分離。分離叉帶動(dòng)分離軸承壓向壓盤上的分離 杠桿，分離杠桿壓縮

28、壓緊彈簧。通常情況杠桿，分離杠桿壓縮壓緊彈簧。通常情況 下，壓緊彈簧使從動(dòng)盤和飛輪緊密接合。下，壓緊彈簧使從動(dòng)盤和飛輪緊密接合。 chapter 3 power train operating members : when the clutch pedal is released, the pressure plate forces the clutch disc against the flywheel. the clutch return spring helps raise the pedal. 釋放離合器踏板，壓盤釋放離合器踏板，壓盤 使從動(dòng)盤同飛輪接合，使從動(dòng)盤同飛輪接合， 回位彈簧

29、使離合器踏板回位彈簧使離合器踏板 抬起。抬起。 chapter 3 power train ndrive line friction face- clutch disc- trosional vibration balancer- splined hub( clutch disc)- input shaft of transmission nflywheel- chapter 3 power train pushing centre of diaphragm inwards causes outer edge to move away from flywheel. diaphragm spring pushes pressure plate against driven plate. release bearing held clear of diaphragm spring. chapter 3 power train the hydrodynamic coupling: most automatic tra