不定代詞的用法知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)題

1、不定代詞1定義所謂不上“，就是不確左處不明確的意思，所以不泄代詞就是指不明確表示代替某特泄名 詞或形容詞的代詞，如someone意為某人，something意為某事或某物，many表示 許多人或許多物，a few表示幾個(gè)人或幾個(gè)事物，等等。(1)普通不定代詞some; anyfew; littlenone沒(méi)有一個(gè)one other其它的many; mucheither兩者中的一個(gè)； neither兩者都不each; everyboth; all some 與 any一般說(shuō)來(lái)，some用于肯左句中，any用于否泄句、疑問(wèn)句和條件句中。如： 肯泄句：He asked some questions.

2、他問(wèn)了一些問(wèn)題。 否定句：He didnt ask any questions.他沒(méi)有問(wèn)任何問(wèn)題。 疑問(wèn)句：Did he ask any questions?他問(wèn)了些問(wèn)題沒(méi)有？但是在表示請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)或征求意見(jiàn)的句子中，希望對(duì)方的肯定回答、通常要用 some 而不用any。如： Shall I get some for you?要我?guī)湍隳眯﹣?lái)嗎？ Since you have plenty of them, why not give her some?既然你有那么多，為什么不給她一些呢？any有時(shí)也用于肯定句中，表示任何的意思。如：Any of these may suit you.這些中間的任何

3、一個(gè)都可能適合你。另外，漢語(yǔ)可說(shuō)任何都不，但英語(yǔ)不能說(shuō)any.nota因?yàn)榘从⒄Z(yǔ)習(xí)慣，any總是要 出現(xiàn)在否定詞not的后面。而不能出現(xiàn)在它的前面。如：我想任何學(xué)生都回答不了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。正：I dont think any student can answer this question.IE： I think no student can answer this question.誤：I think any student cant answer this question.第一句用的是not.any,故正確;第二句用的是no,相當(dāng)于not.any,也正確;第三句 用的是any.not,就錯(cuò)了

4、。 many 與 much兩者意思相同，都表示、許多，但用法不同，many用于修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞;而much用 于修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞。如:Many trees fell in the stom在尿風(fēng)雨中許多樹(shù)倒了。 Much money has been wasted that way.很多錢(qián)都這樣浪費(fèi)了。little幾乎沒(méi)有X a little有點(diǎn)兒J few, a few 與 little, a little+不可數(shù)需詞few兒乎沒(méi)有+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)a few有幾個(gè) He has few friends herezhe feels lonely.他這里沒(méi)朋友，他感覺(jué)寂寞。 There ar

5、e a few eggs in the basket 籃子里有幾個(gè)雞蛋。 There is little ink in my bottle,can you give me a little ink?我的瓶子里沒(méi)有墨水了/爾能給我點(diǎn)兒墨水嗎？ This book is a little more difficult than that one.這本書(shū)比那本書(shū)難一點(diǎn)。 all 與 bothall指三者或三者以上的人或物，既可代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞也可代替和修飾不可數(shù)名詞。 both指兩個(gè)人或物，用來(lái)代替或修飾可數(shù)爼詞。 Both of my parents like sports.我的父母都喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。

6、 All of us should work hard.我們都應(yīng)努力工作. either 與 neithereither意思是兩個(gè)中間的任何一個(gè)neither意思是兩個(gè)都不S He wrote to either of them.他給他們中的一個(gè)人寫(xiě)了信 -Will you go there by bus or by car? -Neither. I will go there by train.你坐公車(chē)去還是坐轎車(chē)去？ 一個(gè)都不坐,我坐火車(chē)去。 anotherzthe other the other指兩個(gè)人或物中的一個(gè)。He has two daughters One is a nurse,

7、 the other is a worker.他有兩個(gè)女兒，一個(gè)是護(hù)士，另一個(gè)是工人。 another指同類(lèi)事物中的三者或三者以上的另一個(gè)。I have three daughters One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker. 我有三個(gè)女兒。一個(gè)是護(hù)士，另一個(gè)是教師，還有一個(gè)是工人。（2）復(fù)合不定代詞復(fù)合不龍代詞指的是由some, any, every, no后接thing, one, body等構(gòu)成的一類(lèi)代詞somebody（某人）anybody （某人/任何人）nobody（沒(méi)有人）everybody（每人）

8、someoneanyoneno oneeveryone（某人）（某人/任何人）（沒(méi)有人）（每人）somethi ngan ythingnothingeverythi ng（某事）（某事/任何事）（沒(méi)有東西）（每一件事）這些復(fù)合不泄代詞只有名詞的性質(zhì)，可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。 I have something to tell you.我有一些事情要告訴你們。復(fù)合不左代詞如果有其它的形容詞修飾，形容詞必須后置。Someone has just come to see you.有個(gè)人剛剛來(lái)看你。Theres nothing wrong with the machine.機(jī)器沒(méi)有毛病。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是指人的

9、復(fù)合不左代詞，如everybody, nobody, anyone等時(shí)，英反義疑 問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)通常用代詞they;當(dāng)句子主語(yǔ)是指物的復(fù)合不左代詞，如everthing, anything, something, nothing等時(shí)，其反義疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)通常用代詞it。Everybody is here, aerft they? Everything is ready, isnt it? everyone的意思等同于everybody,R能指人；every one既可指人也可指物。Id like everyone to be happy.我希望人人都幸福。I have kept every one

10、of her letters.我把她的每一封信都保存下來(lái)練習(xí)題1. He carft hear you, because there isnoise hereA. very much B too much C much too D. so many2. There isntwater in the cup.A. any B many C some D the3. The bottle is empty. There isin it.A. anything B something C nothing4. There isntwater here Could you get for me?一-Al

11、l ringht.A. some; some B any; any C some; any D any; some5. There are lots of English books here, andof them is easy to understand.A. both B. all C. every D each6. These sweaters are too small for me Please show meone.A. other B. others C the others D another7. Which of the two dictionaries do you l

12、ike better?/mI likez because theyre notuseful.A. both B. either C. all D neither8. They were all very tired, butof them would stop to take a restA. any B some C none D neither9. Haven you forgottenV,oh, I forgot my bag.A. anything; Excuse me B something; Excuse meC something; Pardon D everything; Pardon10. Be quiet! I haveto tell you.A. imports nt an ythi ng B anythi ng importantC important something D. somethi ng imports nt11. of the boys in Class Four are playing gamesA. Al