情態(tài)動詞的用法附練習及參考答案

1、情態(tài)動詞一、情態(tài)動詞的基本句型肯定句：否定句：疑問句：情態(tài)動詞 有 can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to 等。情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化；不能單獨使用，必須與其后的動詞原形構成謂語。主語+情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形+You can slee p here.主語+情態(tài)動詞+n ot+動詞原形 +You caritslee p here.情態(tài)動詞+主語+動詞原形+Can I slee p here.二、情態(tài)動詞的意義must 必須”

2、；can/could 能，會”；may/might 可以” ；should 應該” ；would 愿，要”；have to 不得不” ；need “需要”表示請求，允許，意為一可can表示能力，意為 一能會，表示推測，意為一可能，常用于否定句和疑問句中是can的過去式，意為一能、會， 表示過去的能力 在疑冋句中表示委婉請求 表示請求、許可，意為一可以 表示推測，常用于肯定句中，意為一可能、也許 是may的過去式，表推測，常用于肯定句中，意為一 可能、也許以couldmay might must表示主觀看法，意為一必須、應該，表有把握的推測，用語肯定句表示需要、必須，主要用于否定句和疑問句中 d

3、are表示敢于，主要用于否定句和疑問句中 should 意為一應該，表示要求和命令 表示勸告、建議 had better意為一最好，表示建議 used to意為一過去常常，表示過去的動作、行為考點一情態(tài)動詞知識清單另外情態(tài)動詞沒喲人稱和數(shù)情態(tài)動詞有具體的詞義，但也同助動詞一樣，需要與其他詞語一起構成句子的謂語, 的變化，情態(tài)動詞后必須跟動詞原形。三、情態(tài)動詞的基本用法1. can的用法尤其是生來具備的能力(1) 表示能力、許可、可能性。表示能力時一般譯為一能、會，即有種能力，(2) 表示可能、能夠。女口： I can finish it in an hour.(3 )表示許可，常在口語中。如：

4、You can use my dictio nary.(4) can可譯為一不會，女如： I canplay basketball.我不會打籃球。當句子表推測時，用 cant 表達不可能， He can be ill. He is playi ng chess with Tom.Can還可用來回答一 May I ?這樣的問句。 May I come in ? No, you mustn . / can t. can還可用于固定習語中。She canthelp crying.2. could的用法(1) can的過去式， 意為一能、會，表示過去的能力。(2) could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣

5、，此時沒有過去式的意思。Could he be a good stude nt?3. may的用法(1 )表示請求、許可，比can正式，(2) 表示推測，談論可能性，意為一可能，或許，一般用于肯定句中。may 。(3) may的過去式為 might，表示推測時?？赡苄缘陀?4) 對 may 引出的問句，可以有下列回答方式： Yes, of course. Yes, certainly. Sure. No, you mustnNbt.you can t.(5) may 的否定式為 may not , 譯成一 可能不， He may not be at home.4. must的用法(1) mus

6、t表示主觀看法，意為一必須、一定。(2) 其否定形式 mustn 表示一定不要、千萬別、 禁止,不許.Mustn 也可用于以 may表示要求時的否定回答中。May I stand here? No, you mustn t(can ).(3) 對 must 弓I出的疑問句，回答為：Yes,must. No,needn/ don have to.(4) must表示有把握的推測，用于肯定句。當must表示 肯定的判斷、推測時，其反意疑問句要用實際問句的助動詞來構成。 She must have finished writing, hasn she?5. need的用法needn t，意為一沒有必

7、要，不必。(1) n eed表示需要、必須，主要用于否定句和疑問句中，其否定形式為用need提問時，肯定回答為 must，否定回答為needn t。女0: -Need I stay here any Ion ger? 一Yes, you must .No. you n eed n t .(2) needn t + have+動詞的過去分詞，表不需要完成但已完成的動作，暗含時間或精力上的浪費。 You needn t have bought it.后邊多接動詞不定式。(3) need還可以作實義動詞，此時有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，6. dare的用法dare意為一敢、敢于I,用法近似于need ,

8、有兩種詞性：(1) dare作為情態(tài)動詞，多用于否定句、疑問句或條件句中，無第三人稱單數(shù)形式，只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過 去時。在口語中，dare的各種形式常與不帶to的不(2) dare作為實義動詞，此時有人稱、數(shù)及時態(tài)的變化。注意：定式連用。 Do you dare tell her what I said?7. shall的用法(1) shall表示征求對方意見(多用于第一、三人稱)，Shall we go out for a walk?shall引出的疑問句用于第一人稱，表示征求對方意見或客氣的請求。其回答方式有以下幾種：Yes, P lease. All right. No, tha n

9、k you.(2) 表示決心、警告、命令(多用于第二、三人稱)，No one shall bring your beepers or mobile phones in the exam.should的用法8.(1) should意為一應該II(2) should (would)like to do sth.表示一想要、愿意做某事II,常用于口語中。 想和我一起去嗎？(3)(4),可表示勸告、建議、義務、責任等。We should protect the environment.Would you like to go with me? 你Should have done 表示對過去動作的責備、

10、批評。You should have fini shed your homework.表否定時是 shouldn 表不應該 You shouldn t feel so unhappy over such little things.will的用法9.(1) will 表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多種人稱。I will help you if I m free this afternoon.(2) would是will的過去式，語氣更加客氣、委婉。Would you show me your picture book? Will you pl ease give me a call?對will/

11、 would you 的回答方式有以下幾種：Yes, I will. (No, I won .)Sure . (I sorry , I can t.)All right.Certainiy. (No, thank you .) Yes, please.10. had better 的用法had better意為一最好II,沒有人稱的變化，后面接不帶to的不定式，其否定形式 為： had better not。 We had better go now. You had better not give the book to him.情態(tài)動詞練習1. It s the library! So y

12、ouknow shouting is not allowed here.A. can B. must C. n eed D. mayI download the article again ? -No, you neednt.2.-A. Shall B. Will C. Must D. Can3. -May I have a word with you ? -No, you _A. need nt B. would ntC. dont have toD. cant.Im busy today.I have your En glish n ame , pl ease?-Yes Hele n. H

13、-E-L-E-N.A. Must B. May C. Will D. Need5. -Who is the boy over there ? Is it John? -No, itA. must nt B. may not C. cant D. n eed nt6. -You must come back every mon th. -Yes, IA. will B. must C. should D. can4.-be him. Joh n is much e to see us tonight , but he isnt very sure yet.A. may B.

14、can C. has to D. must8. Childre n7. Johnp lay with fire.A. must nt B. cantC. should nt D. need ntI come in , Mr Green ? -Yes,come in, please.A. Must B. Need C. Will9.-10. -Must I fin ish the work today-No , you . YouA. must nt ; mayD. May？finish it tomorrow.B. cant; can C. n eed nt; mayD. n eed nt;

15、must參考答案1-5 CCDBC 6-10 AAADC課后練習（）1. Do we have to finish our homework this after noon?Yes, you.A. must B. can C. may D. n eed（）2. May I watch TV for a while ？No, you. You have to finish your homework first.A. shouldn t B. needn t C. mustn t D. won t（）3. Boys and girls, don t forget your report . It

16、today.A. can ftish B. can be finished C. should finish D. should be finished（）4. Is Lucy knocking at the door?No. Itbe Lucy. She is in Japan now.A. needn t B. must C. can t（）5. I can t give up smoking, doctor.D. mustFor your health, I imfraid youA. may B. can C. have to()6. Our class won the En glis

17、h sp eak ing con test.Con gratulati ons! Yoube very p roud of it.A. can B. n eedC. would D. must()7. I borrow your pen?Sorry, my pen is borrowed by other.A. Must B. Would C. May D. Need()8.I take some photos in the hall? No, you.A. Can, needn t B. Must, mustn t C. Could, won t D. May, mustn t()9. The lake is said to be dry. Is that true? It.Look,somekidsareswimming in it.A. must be true B. can bt true C. may not be true()10. Susa n has bought a large house with a swim ming po ol.Itbe very expen sive. I n ever even dre