高中英語語法填空專練附帶答案詳解

1、語法填空專練（一）閱讀下列短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AGoldfish may look small and cute in your home, but in the wild, its a different story. Releasing them into your local stream or lake is 1. _ bad idea. Right now, Washington State 2. _ (fight) off an invasion (入侵) of goldfish!Thousands of goldfish are living

2、in the West Medical Lake in large 3. _ (number) and are crowding out the native fish population. How did this happen? The Department of Fish and Wildlife thinks a few irresponsible pet owners are 4. _ (blame). And while the goldfish may have cost the owners a few dollars, this mess is going to cost

3、the state about $150,000 to try to remove these harmful fish.But this isnt the only place 5. _ this is happening. Goldfish are invading lakes and streams worldwide, and its all our fault.6. _ you think youre doing the goldfish a favor by releasing it, youre wrong! Instead, youre setting the stage fo

4、r a(n) 7. _ (ecology) disaster, which could threaten hundreds of other species. It turns out that goldfish are one of the worlds 8. _ (bad) invasive species. They introduce diseases that destroy the 9. _ (delicate) balanced ecosystems wherever they go. And they arent happy to stay in one place and w

5、ill travel across many bodies of water.So 10. _ (think) twice before throwing that goldfish away.BThough he is 74 years old, Jia Zushun volunteers in the field of environmental protection at Aha Reservoir where he has lived for his entire life. 1. _ (cover) 190 square kilometers, Aha Reservoir is on

6、e of Guiyangs major water 2. _ (source) and a popular tourism resort in the city.“3. _ is my responsibility to help keep the water clean,”he said. Since retirement, Jia has taken action. His daily work 4. _ (include) security, environmental publicity and garbage disposal (處理). In 2006, Jia himself s

7、pent $127,868 5. _ (build) a bamboo house, a dock (碼頭) and parking spots.“The most difficult thing for me is to handle tourists who dont want to take part 6. _ environmental protection,” said Jia.He said 7. _ reservoir receives more than 3,000 visitors a day during peak season. Such intensive human

8、activity creates water pollution.“But the situation has improved since the local government set out 8. _ (construct) an ecological civilization in 2009,” he said.“Now the garbage is 9. _ (basic) gone,” he said.“As local people, we have the duty to protect the natural environment. It is also very 10.

9、 _ (meaning) to call on others to participate for future generations.”CThe quality of patience goes a long way toward your goal of creating a more peaceful and loving self. Patience adds some ease and 1. _ (accept) to your life. Its important for inner peace.Becoming more patient involves 2. _ (open

10、) your heart to the present moment, even if you dont like it. If you 3. _ (stick) in a traffic jam, late for an appointment, being patient would mean keeping yourself from building a mental snowball before your thinking gets out of hand and gently reminding yourself 4. _ (relax).A(n) 5. _ (effect) w

11、ay I have found to deepen my own patience is to create actual practice periods. You can start with as little as five minutes and build up your capacity for patience over time. 6. _ youll discover is truly amazing. Patience is one of those 7. _ (quality) where success feeds on itself. Once you reach

12、little milestone five minutes of successful patience youll begin to see that you do indeed have the capacity to be patient, even for 8. _ (long) periods of time. Over time, you may even become a patient person.Being patient will help you to keep your perspective (洞察力). You will see even a difficult

13、situation isnt“l(fā)ife or death”9. _ simply a minor difficulty that must be dealt 10. _. Without patience, the same scene can become a major emergency complete with yelling, hurt feelings, and high blood pressure.DEvery year faster motorcars are produced. And each new computer boasts of (吹噓) 1. _ (save

14、) precious seconds in handling tasks.All this saves time, but at 2. _ price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so.We get the 3. _ (comfortable) feeling known as jetlag (飛行時(shí)差綜合癥). Again, spending too long at computers 4. _ (result) in pain

15、ful wrists and fingers.However, what do we do with the time we have saved? Certainly not relax. We find 5. _ difficult to sit and do nothing or even to do just one thing at a time. Perhapsthe daysare long gone when we might listen 6. _ (quiet) to a story on the radio, letting our 7. _ (imagine) take

16、 us into another world.There was a time when some peoples lives 8. _ (devote) to the farming of the land or the care of cattle. There is much that we might envy (羨慕) about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard 9. _ (task) our ancestors faced: They farmed with bare h

17、ands, often lived close to hunger, and had to make tools from wood and stone. Modern inventions have freed people 10. _ that primitive existence.EEndangered penguins are hunting for fish in the wrong place, because climate change has caused their prey (獵物) 1. _ (move) to another part of the ocean, r

18、esearchers have discovered. That is 2. _ the penguins have learned to look for places 3. _ lower sea temperatures and large amounts of a type of chlorophyll (葉綠素). These are signs of plankton (浮游生物) and, in turn, the fish that feed on them. Now these once sure ways to find food 4. _ (lead) the pengu

19、ins into an“ecological trap”that is pushing them closer to 5. _ (extinct).And the situation has been made worse by overfishing and a raft of other problems, 6. _ (most) caused by humans.One of the researchers, Dr Richard Sherley, said, “Climate change and fisheries are transforming the oceans, but w

20、e dont have 7. _ complete understanding of their impact.”The problems in 8. _ (find) food have produced low survival rates among young African penguins. It is thought that breeding (繁衍) numbers are about 50 per cent 9. _ (low) than they would be if the birds were able to find enough 10. _ (eat).FThe

21、 cure for sleeping problems can often be found in your daily routine. Your day-to-day lifestyle 1. _ (choose) greatly influences the quality of your nightly rest. The following tips will help you to get a better sleep.Set a regular bedtime. Go to bed 2. _ the same time every night. Try not to break

22、this routine at the weekend when you may want to stay 3. _ late. If you want to change your bedtime, help your body adjust by making the change 4. _ (gradual).Try to keep the noise down. If you cant avoid the noise of 5. _ (bark) dogs, loud neighbors, city traffic, or other people in your household,

23、 try masking it. You can buy special sound machine or produce 6. _ (you) own white noise by setting your radio between stations. Earplugs may also help.Keep your room cool. The temperature of your bedroom also 7. _ (affect) your sleep. Most people sleep best in a slightly cool room (around 18C). A b

24、edroom 8. _ is too hot or too cold is not good for your sleep.Make sure your bed is 9. _ (comfort). You should have enough room 10. _ (sleep) well. If you often wake up with a sore (酸困的) back or an aching neck, you may need to buy a new mattress (床墊) or a different pillow.答案A1. a2. is fighting3. num

25、bers4. to blame5. where6. If7. ecological 8. worst9. delicately10. thinkB1. Covering2. sources3. It4. includes5. building6. in7. the 8. to construct9. basically 10. meaningfulC1. acceptance2. opening3. are stuck 4. to relax5. effective6. What7. qualities 8. longer9. but 10. withD1. saving 2. a3. unc

26、omfortable4. results5. it6. quietly7. imagination8. were devoted9. tasks 10. fromE1. to move 2. because3. with 4. are leading5. extinction6. mostly7. a 8. finding9. lower 10. to eatF1. choice 2. at3. up 4. gradually5. barking6. your7. affects 8. which / that9. comfortable 10. to sleep解析A主題語境：人與自然自然生

27、態(tài)本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了金魚對(duì)自然生態(tài)的危害。1. a?？疾椴欢ü谠~。idea是可數(shù)名詞且此處表泛指，故填不定冠詞a。2. is fighting。考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。由時(shí)間狀語Right now可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，且主語Washington State是單數(shù)名詞，故填is fighting。3. numbers?？疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。in large numbers意為“大量地”。4. to blame?？疾椴欢ㄊ阶鞅碚Z的用法。be to blame意為“應(yīng)該受到責(zé)備”。5. where。考查關(guān)系副詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句修飾place，且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故填where。6. If?？?/p>

28、查連詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，表示“如果”，故填I(lǐng)f。7. ecological?？疾樾稳菰~作定語的用法。設(shè)空處作定語修飾disaster，故填形容詞ecological。8. worst?？疾樾稳菰~最高級(jí)?！皁ne of the worlds +形容詞最高級(jí)”表示“世界上最的之一”。9. delicately?？疾楦痹~。設(shè)空處作狀語，修飾形容詞balanced，故填副詞delicately。10. think?？疾槠硎咕洹＿@是一個(gè)祈使句，故填動(dòng)詞原形think。B主題語境：人與自然環(huán)境保護(hù)本文是記敘文。文章介紹了74歲的賈祖順在貴陽的阿哈水庫做志愿者，保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境的故事。1. Coveri

29、ng?？疾閯?dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語的用法。cover與句子主語Aha Reservoir之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用其動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語。2. sources?？疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。由one of可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。3. It?？疾閕t的用法。設(shè)空處是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式，故填I(lǐng)t。4. includes?？疾橐话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。此處描述客觀情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填includes。5. building。考查動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語的用法。spend . (in) doing sth.意為“花費(fèi)干某事”。6. in?？疾榻樵~。take part in意為“參加”。7. the

30、?？疾槎ü谠~。此處reservoir特指上文提到的Aha Reservoir，故其前應(yīng)用定冠詞the。8. to construct?？疾椴欢ㄊ阶髻e語的用法。set out to do sth.意為“開始著手做某事”。9. basically?？疾楦痹~。設(shè)空處作狀語修飾gone，故填副詞basically。10. meaningful。考查形容詞作表語的用法。由is可知，設(shè)空處作表語，故填形容詞meaningful。C主題語境：人與自我生活與學(xué)習(xí)本文是說明文。作者介紹了保持耐心的好處以及如何培養(yǎng)自己的耐心。1. acceptance?？疾槊~。設(shè)空處與ease并列作add的賓語，故填名詞acc

31、eptance。2. opening。考查動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語的用法。involve doing sth.意為“需要做某事”。3. are stuck?？疾橐话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。stick與主語you之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且在時(shí)間狀語從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。4. to relax。考查不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法。remind sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意為“提醒某人做某事”。5. effective。考查形容詞作定語的用法。設(shè)空處作定語修飾way，故填形容詞effective。6. What。考查連接詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語從句且在從句中作賓語，表示“所的”，

32、故填What。7. qualities?？疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。由one of those可知，此處應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式qualities。8. longer?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)。此處與前面的five minutes作比較，故用比較級(jí)。9. but?？疾檫B詞。此句用了not . but .結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不是而是”。10. with?？疾榻樵~。deal with意為“處理，應(yīng)付”。D主題語境：人與社會(huì)科學(xué)與技術(shù)本文是議論文。作者論述了高科技對(duì)現(xiàn)代生活的影響。1. saving。考查動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語的用法。設(shè)空處作介詞of的賓語，且computer與save之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故填其動(dòng)詞-ing形式savin

33、g。2. a?？疾楣谠~。at a price意為“以相當(dāng)高的代價(jià)”。3. uncomfortable。考查形容詞作定語的用法。設(shè)空處作定語修飾feeling，且表示“不舒服的”，故填形容詞uncomfortable。4. results?？疾橹髦^一致。主語是動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語spending too long at computers，故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。5. it。考查it的用法。設(shè)空處作形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語，故填it。6. quietly?？疾楦痹~。設(shè)空處作狀語修飾謂語動(dòng)詞listen，故填副詞形式quietly。7. imagination?？疾槊~。設(shè)空處作let

34、ting的賓語，故填名詞imagination。8. were devoted?？疾橐话氵^去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。由There was a time可知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，又因?yàn)閜eoples lives與devote之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。9. tasks。考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。由冒號(hào)后提到的古人面臨的多種困難可知，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。10. from。考查介詞。free . from .意為“使擺脫”。E主題語境：人與自然自然生態(tài)本文是說明文。全球變暖導(dǎo)致企鵝覓食時(shí)陷入生態(tài)陷阱，它們的數(shù)量正在減少。1. to move?？疾椴欢ㄊ阶髻e語補(bǔ)足語的用法。cause sb. to do sth.意為

35、“導(dǎo)致某人做某事”。2. because?？疾檫B詞。此句進(jìn)一步闡述企鵝陷入生態(tài)陷阱的原因，故用because引導(dǎo)表語從句。3. with。考查介詞。此處表示“伴隨，有”，故用介詞with。4. are leading。考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。由時(shí)間狀語Now可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。5. extinction。考查名詞。設(shè)空處作介詞to的賓語，故填名詞extinction。6. mostly?？疾楦痹~。設(shè)空處作狀語修飾caused，故填副詞mostly。7. a?？疾椴欢ü谠~。have a . understanding of .意為“對(duì)有的了解”。8. finding?？疾閯?dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語的用法

36、。設(shè)空處作介詞in的賓語，故填其動(dòng)詞-ing形式finding。9. lower?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)。由than可知，應(yīng)用比較級(jí)lower。10. to eat?？疾椴欢ㄊ阶鞫ㄕZ的用法。find sth. to eat意為“找到一些吃的東西”。F主題語境：人與自我生活與學(xué)習(xí)本文是說明文。作者介紹了幾種促進(jìn)睡眠的方法。1. choice?？疾槊~。設(shè)空處作主語，且謂語動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)形式，故填choice。2. at。考查介詞。at the same time意為“在同樣的時(shí)間”。3. up?？疾楦痹~。stay up意為“熬夜”。4. gradually?？疾楦痹~。設(shè)空處作狀語修飾非謂語動(dòng)詞making

37、，故填gradually。5. barking。考查動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語的用法。設(shè)空處作定語修飾dogs，因dogs與bark之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故填其動(dòng)詞-ing形式barking。6. your?？疾榇~。設(shè)空處作定語修飾white noise，故填形容詞性物主代詞your。7. affects?？疾橹髦^一致。主語是單數(shù)名詞The temperature，故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。8. which / that。考查關(guān)系代詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句，修飾bedroom，且在從句中作主語，故填which / that。9. comfortable?？疾樾稳菰~作表語的用法。設(shè)空處作表語，且表示

38、“舒適的”，故填形容詞comfortable。10. to sleep?？疾椴欢ㄊ阶髂康臓钫Z的用法。“睡得舒適”是“應(yīng)該有足夠的空間”的目的，故用不定式to sleep。語法填空專練（二）閱讀下列短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AStray dogs (流浪狗) are a big problem in Bangalore, a city of more than 10 million people in India.With 30 million or so stray dogs in India, its no wonder that the issue has b

39、ecome a source of 1. _ (heat) debate. Many residents (居民) take pity on the animals, while some treat them as pests. One thing is for certain: Very few people have stepped up to take action.One couple in Bangalore, Anil Prasad and Bismi Anil, is a(n) 2. _ (except). They have made 3. _ a part of their

40、 routine to feed and train stray dogs. They have successfully fed 120 dogs in the past three years, according to the couple.I first came across Prasad and Anils work when 4. _ (read) an article online. Since then, I 5. _ (want) to interview them, and so I did.When 6. _ (ask) why they decided to feed

41、 stray dogs, Anil responded: “In simple terms, it is to promote coexistence. 7. _ it is cows, dogs or cats, everyone has a role to play in the community.”The couple do more than just feed stray animals. They train them 8. _ (be) tamer.“Keeping street dogs healthy and friendly 9. _ (help) in reducing

42、 aggression (攻擊) and keeping the population 10. _ control,”Prasad said.BMy family has always been passionate (充滿激情的) about 1. _ (observe) traditions. In India, my homeland, one of the most beloved traditions is the setting off of firecrackers during the Hindu Festival of Diwali. Diwali 2. _ (celebra

43、te) for five days each autumn. Sweets, gift exchanges, and fireworks are all part of the celebration. And purchasing fireworks at an open market is always 3. _ (thrill) for my brother and me.Another Diwali tradition is an art form 4. _ (call) rangoli. Beautiful geometric (幾何的) patterns, which are th

44、ought 5. _ (be) good luck, are made from such materials 6. _ dry flour, colored sand, and flower petals (花瓣). The unique shapes 7. _ families create are passed down. Abhinav and I like to add a bit of excitement to our celebration by having our mother judge whose rangoli design is 8. _ (good). Howev

45、er, neither of us is a(n) 9. _ (particular) skillful artist.Centuries-old traditions, which are passed down from generation to generation, give us joy and help define us. As the writer Henry James once said, “10. _ takes an endless amount of history to make even a little tradition.”CEvery year, scho

46、ol districts spend millions of dollars on plastic water bottles. Now, two high school seniors 1. _ (push) their school district to spend their money elsewhere.Anna Rychlik and Chantal Raguin recently started “Get On Tap.” The movement encourages students 2. _ (reduce) their reliance on bottled water

47、. Instead, the teens say: Use your schools water fountains.The movement originally started as an English project. “We both saw that there were a lot of 3. _ (issue) with waste relating to bottled water at our school,” Anna said. “We saw bottled water as a(n) 4. _ (necessary) resource our school was

48、putting money into.”“Plastic water bottles contain harmful 5. _ (chemical),” Anna said. “They can get into the water if it was not cooled properly from the time it was bottled to the time you drink 6. _ .”“Our goal is to discontinue the sale of bottled water in all school cafeterias and make some gu

49、idelines for people 7. _ (bring) bottled water into our school district for school dances and other events,” Chantal said.Anna and Chantal are trying to educate students 8. _ a young age. To help spread their message, they recently did presentations at local elementary schools. They invited speakers

50、 and screened 9. _ documentary.“We hope 10. _ (make) using resources properly and staying away from plastic water bottles a part of kids lives early on,” Anna said.DHave you ever seen a man riding a donkey (驢)? For some people, this sight would seem strange. 1. _, in the country of Colombia, it is n

51、ot strange at all. In Spanish, donkeys are called“burros”. And travelling on burros is common. What is uncommon 2. _ (be) the way Luis Soriano travels with his donkeys. Luis uses his donkeys 3. _ book-donkeys. Luis was a Spanish teacher in rural La Gloria Colombia. Concerned that 4. _ (he) students

52、had no access to books at home, he decided to do something about it.By 5. _ (adapt) his two donkeys, Alfa and Beto, from carrying water to carrying books, Luis created a mobile library and set off to take his books to children 6. _ otherwise wouldnt have access to reading materials.“Kids wise up whe

53、n they pick up a book. Reading brings surprise and 7. _ (imagine) together. You see the kids starting to laugh by themselves,” he says. The children can borrow the books for free. They can take them home and read them. When the books 8. _ (finish), they return them to Luis next time he 9. _ (visit).

54、 Adults can also borrow books from Luis. Many of the adults enjoy reading the books as much as the children do.Luis also helps some young children learn how 10. _ (read) and gives them help with their school work.EThe basic meaning of “pet” is an animal we keep for 1. _ (emotion) rather than economi

55、c reasons. A pet animal 2. _ (keep) as a companion, and we all need companions to keep us 3. _ (feel) happy. But pets offer us more than mere companionship; they invite us to love and be loved. Many owners feel their pets understand 4. _, for animals are quick to sense anger and sorrow. Often a cat or dog can comfort us at times when human words dont help. We feel 5. _ (love), too, by the way pets depend on us for a home, for food and drink. Dogs especially, look up to th