高三英語閱讀理解解題技巧及練習(xí)題及解析

1、高三英語閱讀理解解題技巧及練習(xí)題及解析一、高中英語閱讀理解1閱讀理解from the loss of wildlife to rising sea levels, were all well aware of the problems that climate change could cause.but while it may seem like such issues wont affect most of us directly，it looks like future generations could grow up without something that many of u

2、s now take for granted: chocolate.according to an essay published by the us national oceanic and atmospheric administration, changes to the climate in the regions that produce cacao - the plant from which chocolate is produced - may mean that it will soon become extinct.most of the worlds cacao grow

3、s in countries close to the equator，with over half of it growing in the african nations of ghana and ivory coast.its predicted that by 2050, climate change will have accelerated the rate at which temperatures in these countries rise, making it extremely difficult for cacao to grow there.the problem

4、doesnt lie in increased heat, however，but in lower humidity (濕度)，as its believed that rainfall will stay at the same level if the temperature rises.“in other words, as higher temperatures squeeze more water out of soil and plants, its unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to offset the moistur

5、e ( 含水量) loss,” michon scott, the essays author, wrote.to help fight this problem, researchers from berkeley university in the us are working on changing the dna of cacao plants to allow them to survive in dryer conditions by using gene editing technology, according to us news.in the meantime, us co

6、mpany mars, one of the worlds biggest manufacturers of chocolate products, announced in january that it would spend $1 billion to help reduce the effects of climate change.“this is a world issue, and it requires everyone to work together,” mars spokesperson barry parkin told business insider.the mes

7、sage here is that if we all do our part, we may be able to prevent some of the worst impacts of climate change. or if were unlucky, chocolate will become a thing of the past.（1）what could make it hard for cacao to survive around the equator in the future?a. the increased heat there. b. the higher hu

8、midity there.c. the decrease in rainfall there. d. the moisture loss in the soil there.（2）what does the underlined word “offset” in the seventh paragraph mean?a. hold back b. make up for c. protect d. accept（3）what will us company mars do to help cacao survive?a. it will work hard to plant cacao in

9、greenhouses. b. it will apply gene editing technology in planting cacao.c. it will give financial support to help fight climate change. d. it will develop cacao that can survive in dryer conditions.（4）what may be the best title of this text?a. chocolate could become history b. work together to fight

10、 climate changec. how do we grow cacao in the future? d. how do cacao plants affect climate change? 【答案】（1）d（2） b（3） c（4） a【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇說明文，未來由于氣候的變化，用于制造巧克力的可可樹可 能會滅絕，所以巧克力有可能會成為歷史。(1) 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第七段中的“in other words, as higher temperatures squeeze more water out of soil and plants, its unlikely tha

11、t rainfall will increase enough to offset the moisture (含水量) loss, michon scott, the essays author, wrote.”可知未來赤道附近的可可樹很難存 活，是因?yàn)槟抢锿寥乐兴值牧魇?，故選 d。(2) 考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第六段中的“the problem doesnt lie in increased heat, however，but in lower humidity ( 濕度 ) ， as its believed that rainfall will stay at the same leve

12、l if the temperature rises.可知 in other words, as higher temperatures squeeze more water out of soil and plants, its unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to offset the moisture ( 含水量) loss” 的 意思是換句話說，高溫帶走了土壤和植物中更多的水分，降雨量的增長不足以抵消水量的 流失，所以“offset”的意思是彌補(bǔ)，抵消，故選 b。(3) 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的 “in the meant

13、ime, us company mars, one of the worlds biggest manufacturers of chocolate products, announced in january that it would spend $1 billion to help reduce the effects of climate change.”可知美國的火星巧克力公司給予財政支 援，用來幫助對抗氣候的變化，故選 c。(4) 考查主旨大意。本文主要講了未來由于氣候的變化，用于制造巧克力的可可樹可能會滅 絕，所以巧克力有可能會成為歷史，故選 a?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞

14、義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱 讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推 理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2閱讀理解spanish language & culture programwhile improving your language skills, you can learn about spanish culture. with the help, of courses in art, tourism, cinema and more.taught in spanish.place: alicante. spainprice:

15、$ 3.495dates:program: from may 5th. 2019 to june 1st, 2019application: by march 1st, 2019withdrawal: before april 1st.2019application:complete applicationgpa:not less than 2.5.$ 95 online application feeeducation completed: high school graduateprogram detailsyoull take 1 language course and 1 cultur

16、e course. language courses meet for 60class hours/ 4 credits(學(xué)分). while culture courses meet for 20 hours/1 credit. language and culture courses meet daily. monday-friday. active learning of your courses may be scheduled for fridays.before you leave for alicante, you will choose your preferred cours

17、es and take a language placement exam. youll be admitted to courses based on their availability. so it is in your best interest to have your home university agree with many courses before you set off for alicante. to make sure that you receive the credit for the language level that is fit for you, h

18、ave your home university pre-agree with courses at several levels before you leave for spain. please ask your advisor at your home university about credit guidelines.where youll study and staylying on one of spains most. attractive campuses, the university of alicante allows you to take part in clas

19、ses and activities: with spanish and other international students.you can choose cea housing or prepare your own independent housing. cea housing will make every effort to match your housing requests.（1）when can you take back your application?a. on june 1st. 2019.b. on april 1st .2019.c. on may 5th,

20、 2019.d. on march 5th, 2019.（2）what can we learn about this program?a. each of the courses costs $95.b. high school freshmen can apply for it.c. students can get 5 credits after finishing the program.d. active learning courses should be booked ahead of time.（3）what should you do before leaving for a

21、licante?a. gain as many credits as possible.b. prepare many choices of courses.c. improve your communication skill.d. try your chosen courses at your home university.【答案】 （1）b（2） c（3） b【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了一個學(xué)習(xí)西班牙語和西班牙文化的項(xiàng)目。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù) dates 部分中的“withdrawal: by april1st, 2019”可知，在 2019 年 4 月 1 日之前可

22、以撤回對這一項(xiàng)目的申請，故選 b。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù) program details 部分中的“youll take 1 language course and 1 culture course. language courses meet for 60class hours/ 4 credits( 學(xué)分). while culture coursesmeet for 20 hours/1 credit.”你將會有一門語言課，一門文化課程。語言課程上 60 個小時， 獲得 4 學(xué)分。文化課程上 20 個小時，獲得 1 學(xué)分?？芍?，該項(xiàng)目結(jié)課時，學(xué)生一共可獲 得 5 個學(xué)分。故選 c。（3

23、）考查推理判斷。根據(jù) program details 部分中的“so it is in your best interest to have your home university agree with many courses before you set off for alicante.”最好是在你去 alicante 之前，讓你現(xiàn)在所在的大學(xué)同意你可選多種多樣的課，可知，該項(xiàng)目不能保證你一定能選 到你想上的課程，所以應(yīng)該在前往 alicante 之前準(zhǔn)備好多種課程選擇。故選 b?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需 要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)

24、上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3閱讀理解every year in america, high-school students who want to go to college take a national examination called the scholastic aptitude test, or sat in a shortened way. their score is an important factor in determining which colleges will admit them or whether any will be admitted a

25、t all. the scholastic aptitude test measures ones mathematical ability and use of the english language. traditionally, the english part involved grammatical questions and paragraphs that test reading comprehension.but the sat folks have added a single question, to be answered in an essay, hand-writt

26、en on the spot. thats an interesting way to test writing ability, but content aside, have you ever seen young peoples handwriting lately? or anyones for that matter, in this age of computer keyboards? students write numbers and sign their names on bank checks. they scribble class notes in what can g

27、enerously be described as the written word.yet todays kids are asked to write, thoughtfully and clearly, for several minutes on this sat test.good luck to the text scorers who must work out difficultly the scrawl (潦草的字跡) of youngpeople whove been typing on computers since the age of three! teachers

28、insist that good handwriting can not only help ones score on the sat, but also, later on in life, impress potential employers. and dont forget, we all have to turn to handwriting from time to time, as computers go down when power goes out.then how to improve the handwriting? well, with a few simple

29、steps you can improve your hand writing.position the pen. you should hold the pen between the forefinger and the thumb, then rest it near the first knuckle ( 指節(jié)) of the middle finger. the rest of your fingers should be curled (卷曲) under your hand and your hand should remain relaxed.evaluate your wri

30、ting. make changes to your letters till you like how they look.take your time. speed is bound to make your writing messy-looking.practice. practice it a lot; its not enough to do it once and hope for the best. it has to be something you work at to make great improvements.（1）the underlined word “scri

31、bble” in paragraph 2 probably means _.a. write quickly and roughly b. type simply and correctlyc. paint clearly and neatly d. describe properly and well（2）according to paragraph 3, students with good handwriting skill _.a. can pass the sat b. can develop good charactersc. can impress their classmate

32、s d. can get more job opportunities（3）which of the following should you avoid when improving your handwriting?a. practicing writing a lot.b. writing as fast as you can.c. relaxing your hand when holding the pen.d. changing your letters till you like how they look.（4）the text is to present the fact t

33、hat _.a. writing seems to be very important in the satb. those who will go to college have to take the satc. students should practice handwriting more oftend. kids dont know how to write in the computer age【答案】 （1）a（2） d（3） b（4） c【解析】 【分析】 sat 考試增加了書面表達(dá)，但當(dāng)前學(xué)生不注重書寫，所以此項(xiàng)改革會督 促學(xué)生更多的練字。(1) 詞義猜測題。結(jié)合劃線部分的

34、上下文，在計算機(jī)時代，學(xué)生手寫的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)很罕見， 只有一兩個單詞在行李箱或午餐包上，用來辨認(rèn)物主，書法在其他場合就像嘟嘟鳥一樣滅 絕了，故推斷學(xué)生在課堂上記筆記非常潦草，故選 a。(2) 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段提到 teachers insist that good handwriting can not only help ones score on the sat, but also, later on in life, impress potential employers. 可知，漂亮的書法 不僅僅能在考試中幫助得分，還可以在今后找工作中給雇主留下美好的印象，故選 d。 ( 3 ) 細(xì)

35、節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后三段的標(biāo)題 evaluate your writing；take your time；practice. practice it a lot 可知，沒有提到 b 項(xiàng)，這是寫作中應(yīng)該避免的。故選 b。( 4 ) 推理判斷題。由于 sat 考試增加書面表達(dá)，但當(dāng)前學(xué)生不重視書寫，所以此項(xiàng)改革會督 促學(xué)生更多的練字，故選 c。4閱讀理解the womens institute is urging supermarkets to do more to help consumers reduce their home food waste, after a survey of its

36、own membership showed widespread confusion about“best before” and “use by” labeling(標(biāo)簽) on packaging.its new analysis of products on supermarket shelves found that “once-opened” instructions were often contradictory and often failed to make clear whether they were a guide to food safety or quality.

37、only 45% of 5,000 wi members surveyed understood that best-before dates were a sign of food quality, while 26% did not understand that the more important use-by dates were a decisive guide to food safety.in its report on food waste, the wi said supermarkets were “potentially contributing to home foo

38、d waste by leading customers to buy more food than they need, and giving conflicting and confusing on-pack information that leaves customers unsure about how long a product remains safe to eat in the home setting”. the 42-page report is part of the wis ongoing campaign to reduce food waste. to under

39、line the point about conflicting information, it cites( 引用) a can of sainsburys own-brand sweetcorn advising consumers to eat it within one day of opening, while a similar tin from waitrose gave consumers two days to finish it. green giant sweetcorn, however, has no specified date for eating once op

40、ened.marylyn haines evans, chair of the womens institutes public affairs said: “wi members are some of the more informed members of society about food and cookery, but they are still confused about food labelling and once-opened information. so we would like supermarkets to extend the amount of time

41、 that consumers have to use a product in their homes by making all of their once-opened instructions on product packaging consistent, and completely remove once- opened instructions on products where food safety is not an issue.”（1）what mainly leads to food waste according to wi?a. poor quality of f

42、ood. b. attractive packaging of products.c. competition among supermarkets. d. consumers confusion about on-pack information.（2）which of the following can inform you of food safety?a. b.c. d.（3）why are the three supermarkets mentioned in paragraph 3?a. to attract more consumers. b. to compare their

43、products.c. to comment on their service. d. to make wis report convincing. （4）what does evans suggest supermarkets do about reducing food waste?a. extend life of a product. b. turn to well-informed wi members.c. give consistent once-opened instructions. d. remove instructions on product packaging.【答

44、案】 （1）d（2） c（3） d（4） c【解析】 【分析】本文主要講述了婦女機(jī)構(gòu)強(qiáng)烈建議超市采取幫助消費(fèi)者減少食物浪費(fèi)的 措施，比如延長消費(fèi)者在家中使用產(chǎn)品的時間，使他們所有曾經(jīng)打開的關(guān)于產(chǎn)品包裝的說 明一致。（1） 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段only 45% of 5,000 wi members surveyed understood that best-before dates were a sign of food quality, while 26% did not understand that the more important use-by dates were a deci

45、sive guide to food safety. 可知，消費(fèi)者對于食品包裝上信 息的混淆是導(dǎo)致食物浪費(fèi)的原因。故選 d。（2） 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段while 26% did not understand that the more important use-by dates were a decisive guide to food safety.可知，use by 信息才是食品安全的決定性指導(dǎo)因 素。故選 c。（3） 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段to underline the point about conflicting information, it cites(引 用) a ca

46、n of sainsburys own-brand sweetcorn 可知，引用超市的例子是為了更好的說明這一 問題，即使文章更具說服力。故選 d。（4） 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段we would like supermarkets to extend the amount of time that consumers have to use a product in their homes by making all of their once-opened instructions on product packaging consistent,可知，為了減少食物浪費(fèi)，超市可通過使包裝

47、帶上的信息一致來達(dá)到這一目的。故選 c。5閱讀理解should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? in order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. not all historical buildings are attractive. howeve

48、r, there may be other reasonsfor example, economic reasonswhy they should be preserved. so, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. what should we do then if a new building is needed?in my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly

49、 well alongside an older style. indeed, there are many examples in my own hometown of tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. as long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate( 影響) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attra

50、ctiveness of the area.it is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt(破壞) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. yet people still speak against new buildings inhistoric areas. i think this is simply because people are naturally conservative an

51、d do not like change.although we have to respect peoples feelings as fellow users of the buildings, i believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward. if we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. thus, i would argue against cop

52、ying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might be the more risky choice.（1）what does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph?a. some of them are not attractive. b. most of them are too expensive to preserve. c. they are mo

53、re pleasing than modern buildings. d. they have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area.（2）which of the following is true according to the author?a. we should reproduce the same old buildings. b. buildings should not dominate their surroundings.c. some old buildings have spoilt the area they

54、 are in. d. no one understands why people speak against new buildings.（3）by “move things forward” in the last paragraph, the author probably means “_”. a. destroy old buildings b. put things in a different placec. choose new architectural style d. respect peoples feelings for historical buildings （4

55、）what is the main purpose of the passage?a. to explain why people dislike change. b. to argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas.c. to warn that we could end up living in caves. d. to admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings.【答案】 （1）a（2） c（3） c（4） b【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文

56、章是對于現(xiàn)在人們經(jīng)常討論的問題 是否現(xiàn)代 建筑應(yīng)該和古老的歷史建筑在一起 進(jìn)行了闡述，在作者看來歷史建筑應(yīng)該保存，但是 我們的建筑風(fēng)格也應(yīng)該改變，不能因?yàn)闅v史建筑破壞我們的生活。(1) 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中 not all historical buildings are attractive.可知，一些歷史建筑 不夠有吸引力，故選 a。(2) 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段首句 it is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt ( 破壞) the area they are in, but the same

57、 can be said of some old buildings too. 可知，一 些新建筑破壞了所在的區(qū)域，但古建筑也有這種情況，故作者認(rèn)為一些歷史建筑破壞了他 們生活的地方，故選 c。(3) 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中 if we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves .（如果建筑師不改變建筑風(fēng)格，我們現(xiàn)在還住在山洞里面）可推 知，“moving things forward”指“選擇新的建筑風(fēng)格”，故選 c。(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段首句 should w

58、e allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? 可知，這篇文章是討論現(xiàn)代建筑是否可以建在歷史 遺跡的地方，故選 b?！军c(diǎn)評】 英語閱讀理解議論文解題技巧：英語議論文通常為三段式，即 “ 論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、結(jié) 論”三部份組成。首先借助某一現(xiàn)象引出論點(diǎn)，然后通過一定論據(jù)從各個層面上加以推理論 證，最后得出結(jié)論。議論文體主要考查學(xué)生對論點(diǎn)及論據(jù)的把握。因此，遇到議論文體 時，應(yīng)采取抓主題句的方法來把握文章主旨，弄清作者的觀點(diǎn) 2017 高考英語閱讀理解類型 及答題技巧 2017 高考英語閱讀理解類型及答題技巧。一般來說，作者的論點(diǎn)通常在文章首 段被引出，接著是對這一論點(diǎn)的邏輯推理和論證，最后為結(jié)論。還應(yīng)注意的是：在對論點(diǎn) 論證的過程中，每一段的首句都是該段的主題句。把握全