中學(xué)考試動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)

1、專題復(fù)習(xí)七動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理（一） 初中階段需要掌握的 8種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語(yǔ)（第三人稱單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)形式+其他一般過(guò)去時(shí)主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他一般將來(lái)時(shí)主語(yǔ)+will+動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語(yǔ)+be goi ng to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語(yǔ)（第一人稱1 /we） +shall +動(dòng)詞原形+其他現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主語(yǔ) +am/is/are +v. -ng + 其他過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)主語(yǔ) +was/ were +v. -ng + 其他現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞+其他過(guò)去完成時(shí)主語(yǔ)+ had +過(guò)去分詞+其他過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)主語(yǔ)+ would +動(dòng)詞原形+其他 主語(yǔ) + wa

2、s/were going to + 動(dòng)詞原形注意：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)在課文中出現(xiàn)過(guò)，學(xué)生可作基本了解?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+ have/ has + been +現(xiàn)在分詞+其他（二）時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用及動(dòng)詞變化形式考點(diǎn)1： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法用法例句表示習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常 與 always, often, sometimes, usually, never, twice a mo nth, every day等頻率副詞或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 I ofte n go to school at seve n. 我經(jīng)常在七點(diǎn)鐘去上學(xué)。 We visit Uncle Liu ev

3、ery mon th. 我們每月都去看望劉叔叔。表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。The sun rises in the east.太陽(yáng)在東方升起。在時(shí)間、條件或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示將要發(fā) 生的動(dòng)作。If it doesn t rain tomorrow, I will leave.如果明天不下雨我將離開(kāi)。go, come, leave, arrive等瞬間動(dòng)詞常用一般現(xiàn) 在時(shí)表示計(jì)劃、安排好的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。The train for Beiji ng leaves at 5: 30.開(kāi)往北京的火車5: 30離開(kāi)。2.句式變換含有be動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞冃疋句式主語(yǔ)+am/is/are +其他主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞一般

4、現(xiàn)在時(shí)+其他否定句主語(yǔ) +am/is/are +not + 其他主語(yǔ)+do nt/does nt+動(dòng)詞原形+其他疑問(wèn)句Am /Is / Are+主語(yǔ)+其他？Do/Does+主語(yǔ)+其他？考點(diǎn)2: 般過(guò)去時(shí)1.用法：表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)2.構(gòu)成：was/were+表語(yǔ)； 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式3.標(biāo)志詞：a moment ago, just now,ago, last night/week/month/year .,yesterday例如：I met him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上遇到他了。His uncle went to Beiji ng last week.上

5、周他的叔叔去了北京。4.句式變換含有be動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞冃疋句式主語(yǔ)+was/were +其他主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他否定句主語(yǔ)+was/were +其他主語(yǔ)+didn t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他疑問(wèn)句Was/Were +主語(yǔ)+其他Did+主語(yǔ)+其他？注：在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。例如： He said he would n ot go if it rain ed. 他說(shuō)如果下雨他就不去了?？键c(diǎn)3:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1. 用法：（1 ）表示現(xiàn)在（說(shuō)話瞬間）正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例：They are watching TV now.他們現(xiàn)在正在看電視。 Liste n! The bird is

6、si ngi ng in the tree. 聽(tīng)！鳥(niǎo)兒正在樹(shù)上唱歌（2）表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例：She is working in a factory. 她正在一家工廠工作。（3） 表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如come，go， leave， arrive等常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示最近即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例：I m comi ng.我這就來(lái)。We are leavi ng tomorrow.我們將明天離開(kāi)。（4）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與 always，all the time等副詞或短語(yǔ)連用常表示某種強(qiáng)烈的感情。 例：Alice is always thinking of others. 艾麗斯

7、總是想著別人。2. 構(gòu)成及句式變換構(gòu)成be(am/is/are) + 動(dòng)詞-ing肯定句:主語(yǔ)+be+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他否定句主語(yǔ)+be+not+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他疑問(wèn)句Be +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他3. 常用時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：now. Look! Liste n! These days, at this mome nt, what are you doin g,?考點(diǎn)4:過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成肯疋句： S+ was (were) + v. -ing+ 其他 否定句： S+ was (were) + not + v. -ing+ 其他 一般疑冋句：Was (Were) + S + v. -ing+ 其他用

8、法表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)仃或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 作發(fā)生的特定時(shí)間常用一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表明）（動(dòng)常用的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞at 9: 00 a. m. yesterday; at this time last night ; from seven to nine;when, while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句【注意】（1）在含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，延續(xù)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，另一個(gè)短暫性動(dòng) 作用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。例如：My pen dropped on the ground whe n I was walk ing in the park.在公園散步的時(shí)候，我的鋼筆掉到地上了。（2）表示兩個(gè)延

9、續(xù)性動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻同時(shí)進(jìn)行，不考慮動(dòng)作的先后順序，主句和從句的 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，連詞常用while。例如：The stude nts were readi ng while the teacher was gradi ng their homework.學(xué)生們?cè)诳磿?，而老師在批改他們的家庭作業(yè)?？键c(diǎn)5: 一般將來(lái)時(shí)1. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成：（1） will +動(dòng)詞原形（主語(yǔ)是第一人稱時(shí)也可用shall +動(dòng)詞原形）（2）be （am, is, are） going to + 動(dòng)詞原形2. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法：（1 ）表示在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與tomorrow,

10、soon, later, next time, in+ 段時(shí)間等連用。例如： I ll start tomorrow.我明天動(dòng)身。（2） “ be going to +動(dòng)詞原形”用于表示主觀上打算將來(lái)要做某事，這種打算往往是事先安排 好的或表示可能要發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生的事情。例如：She has bought some cloth and she is going to make herself a dress.她買了一些布，準(zhǔn)備為自己 做一件連衣裙?！咀⒁狻堪銓?lái)時(shí)的其他表達(dá)方式（1）b+doing ”示按計(jì)劃安排好的事情，常與少量表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如go, come,start, move

11、, leave 等連用I m leaving for Beijing tomorrow.明天我就要?jiǎng)由砣ケ本┝恕＃?）在表示車、船、飛機(jī)等的進(jìn)出時(shí)間時(shí)，可 以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)My pla ne will take off/takes off at 6: 30 a. m.我乘坐的飛機(jī)將在早上6: 30起飛?？键c(diǎn)6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1. 構(gòu)成：have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞2.用法：（1）表示說(shuō)話之前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作，而且這個(gè)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響，常與already，yet， in the past few years等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例:I have seen the film already.我已

12、經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了。（已知電影內(nèi)容）（2）表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與by now，so far，since, for等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用I have studied in the school si nee 2009.自從 2009 年我就在這所學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。3. 用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)來(lái)描述一個(gè)從過(guò)去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一定要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表示的是一段時(shí)間時(shí)，句中的動(dòng)詞一定要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常見(jiàn)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)化對(duì)照表：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞borrow/le ndkeepdiebe deadope nbe ope ncloseb

13、e closedbuyhavejoi nbe in/a member ofleavebe away (from)fini sh/e ndbe overbegi n/startbe onarrive/comebe here/ i ncatch/get a coldhave a coldmarrybe married4. 般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)另U區(qū)別例句一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純 的敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去，與具體 的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間連用Tom lived in Beiji ng two years ago. 兩年前湯姆住在北京。（不知道現(xiàn)在是否還住在北京）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作雖然是

14、發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但是 對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響Tom has lived in Beijing for two years.湯姆住在北京兩年了。（現(xiàn)在湯姆仍然還在北京）考點(diǎn)7.過(guò)去完成時(shí)1.構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞2用法：（1）表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作（即過(guò)去的過(guò)去”）。因此使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)必須以過(guò)去某一時(shí)間作為前提，通常用by, before短語(yǔ)或when, before,after, until等引導(dǎo)的從句來(lái)表示。例如：After the sun had set, we decided to return home.太陽(yáng)落山以后，我們決定回家。（2）用于賓語(yǔ)從句，從句表示在主句以

15、前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。She wondered who had left the door open.她想知道是誰(shuí)讓門開(kāi)著的。（3）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別用法例句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法相同，只是 作為衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的時(shí)間不同；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是以 現(xiàn)在這個(gè)時(shí)刻作衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而過(guò)去完成時(shí)是 以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間作衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)He has travelled to most of the cities in China in the past five years.五年來(lái)他已經(jīng)游遍了中國(guó)的大多數(shù)城市。When we got there, the football match had already started.

16、當(dāng)我們趕到那里時(shí)，足球比賽已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。考點(diǎn)8.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)構(gòu)成：would + 動(dòng)詞原形 should +動(dòng)詞原形 was/were + going to + 動(dòng)詞原形（2）過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的用法：用法例句表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存 在的狀態(tài)；這種時(shí)態(tài)常用于賓語(yǔ)從句或間接引語(yǔ)中；常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有 two days later, the next week, the following day 等 Tom said he would come.湯姆說(shuō)他要來(lái)的。 Linda said she was going to see her aunt.琳達(dá)說(shuō)她打算去看她的姑媽。 Mr. Green t

17、old us we were going to have a party at the weeke nd.格林先生告訴我們周末我們要辦一個(gè)晚會(huì)?！咀⒁狻吭谟蒳f引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句是過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，if從句只能用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。例如： They said that they would go fishing if it didn t rain the next day.【巧學(xué)妙記】should, would加原形， 過(guò)去將來(lái)就構(gòu)成。過(guò)去將來(lái)不獨(dú)立，經(jīng)常用于賓從句”過(guò)去認(rèn)為將發(fā)生，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)用。過(guò)去將來(lái)不單行，只可用于從句中?！眷柟叹毩?xí)】1.1 saw Sam and David

18、on the playgro und yesterday after noon. Theygames with theirclassmates the n. A. play B. will playC. are playi ngC. were playi ng2. Joh n alwaysothers whe n they are in trouble.A. helpB. was help ingC. helps D. helped3. Where is Mr Black? I have someth ing importa nt to tell him.You can t find him.

19、 HeHong Kong.A. will go to B. would go to C. has gone toD. has bee n to4. Have you ever bee n to Shan ghai? Yes. Ithere a few mon ths ago.A. have bee n B. went C. have goneD. go5. Shall we go shopp ing now? Sorry, I cant. Imy shirts.A. washB. am wash ingC. washedD. have washed7. Bobthe pla nts while

20、 his father was cook ing dinner.A. will waterB. was wateri ngC. is wateri ngD. has watered8. Imy hometow n for a long time. I really miss it!A. leftB. went away from C. have leftD. have bee n away from9. Theresome flowers on the teacher desk just nw, but now therenothing onit.A. have; hasB. were; wa

21、s C. were; isD. has; has10. I called you at 4: 00 yesterday afternoon, but no one an swered.Sorry, I with my friends at that time. A. swim B. swam C. will swim D. wasswimmi ng11. Do you have any pla ns for toni ght? Yes, Iat the new Italia n restaura nt in tow n.A. eatB. have eate n C. ate D. am goi

22、ng to eat12. I don tk now if Ericthis Sun day. If hehere, I llcall you at once.A. will come; will comeB. come; comes C. comes; will comeD. will come; comes13. Joh n and Ito visit his gra ndpare nts last Sun day after noon.A. goB. wentC. will go D. have gone14. Ifootball quite well, but I have n t ha

23、d time to play since the new year.A. will playB. have played C. playedD. play15. Look on the bright side of the life, and imag ine that youa happy and successfulfuture.A. hadB. will haveC. have D. have had16. Weall our money on the clothes, so let walk home now.A. have spe ntB. spe ndC. spe ntD. are

24、 spe nding17. Don disturb Alle n now. Hefor the Spelli ng Bee competiti on.A. prepares B. prepared C. is prepari ngD. will prepare18. Stop smok ing, Joe! You（kill） yourself if you keep on doing it like that.19. Theyfriends since they met in Shan ghai.A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have

25、had20. We all kn ow that iceA feel cold B. is felt sold C. is feeli ng cold D. feelscold【鏈接中考】1. （2017 .泰安）With the developme nt of scie nee and tech no logy, robot cooksin ourfamilies in the future.A. appearB. appeared C. will appear D. is appeari ng2. （2017.煙臺(tái)）Look at my new smart phone.Wow, it ss

26、o cool. When and whereyoubuy it.A. do; buyB. have; boughtC. did; buyD. have; had3. （2017.荷澤）Sheten years ago. You mean shehim for ten years ?A. married ; has got married toB. got married ;has got married withC. got married ; has been married withD. got married ;has been married to4. （2017.萊蕪） I didn

27、 see your father yesterday when I went to your house.Oh, hestrawberries on the farm.A. PicksB. pickedC. was pick ingD. has picked5. (2017.濰坊)A little effort every day, youa big differenee .A. makesB. made C. have made D. will make6. (2017.日照)New media, like WeChat,the way of com muni eatio ns no wad

28、ays.A. are cha ngingB. will cha ngeC. cha ngedD. were cha nging7. (2017.東營(yíng))Si nee I came here, I(discover) someth ing else in teresti ng.In the future, I(go) to many other parts of China.、8. (2017.四川)一Did you hear some one kno cks at the door just now?Sorry, Ito my frie nd on the phone.9. (2016.濱州)A

29、 truth friend r for your hands and touches your heart.10. (2015.東營(yíng))while he(prepare) for the race, he fell ill suddenly and was sent to thehospital.11. (2014.東營(yíng)動(dòng)詞填空)It was 7:30 in the evening, she (1)still(work) in thefields. She is much busier tha n my father. Every day she (2)(get) up early at 4:0

30、0in the morning, and keeps on work ing till evening. One day I (3)(call) her at eight inthe evening. She said, “ I jvet got home from the vineyard and (4)(not have)supper yet. I (5)(wash) the clothes now.”12. (2013.東營(yíng))The Dongyin g-Ha inan airl ine for about 5 mon ths. I have take n theflightsthree

31、times. A. is ope n B. has ope ned C. has bee n ope n D. has bee n ope ned13. (2012.東營(yíng))There a football match and a concert this weekend. Which one wouldyoulike to go? A. is B. are C. will be D. will have14. (2010.東營(yíng))I ll pay him as soon as he the TV set to my home. ” said the man.A. sendsB. sentC. i

32、s sending D. will send15.(2014.聊城) A. has gone toMay I speak to Ann?B. has bee n to Sorry, she isn ti n. SheC. was going toD. goes toFrance.16.(2011.東營(yíng))1(wait) for the elevator whe n 1 heard the man call.17.(2010.淄博)Peter usually whis clothes on weeke nds.18.（2013.青島）An advertisementsometimes(lead)c

33、ustomers to buysomething they don need at all.19.（2013.濱州）一Shall I tell Tom the good news? No, you needn . I(tell) himalready.20.(2016.北京)A new road(built) n ear my school next year.專題復(fù)習(xí)八語(yǔ)態(tài)縱觀近幾年?yáng)|營(yíng)的中考試題， 語(yǔ)態(tài)題大多以動(dòng)詞填空形式出現(xiàn)， 很少出現(xiàn)在單選。 動(dòng)詞填空 中幾乎每年都考察到被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的題， 多涉及到一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng) 語(yǔ)態(tài)?！净A(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理】考點(diǎn)1被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成一、被動(dòng)

34、語(yǔ)態(tài)由 主語(yǔ)+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成，助動(dòng)詞有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。 ?？急粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞The classroom is clea ned every day. 教室每天都打掃。一般過(guò)去時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+was/were+過(guò)去分詞Our school was built in 1998.我們的學(xué)校在1998年建造。一般將來(lái)時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+will+be+過(guò)去分詞The sports meeting will be held tomorrow. 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)明天舉行?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+has/have +bee n+過(guò)去分詞The bank has be

35、e n built. 銀行已經(jīng)建成了。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+ would + be +過(guò)去分詞Ann told me she would be sent to America.安告訴我她將被派往美國(guó)。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： 主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞The bike can t be putre.這輛自行車不能被放在這里。、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法第一步：先確定主動(dòng)句的主、謂、賓，找出其中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。第二步：把主動(dòng)句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，若賓語(yǔ)是人稱代詞， 應(yīng)把賓格變?yōu)橹鞲?。第三步：把主?dòng)句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)橹鷦?dòng)詞be +及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 ”但時(shí)態(tài)不能改變。第四步：把主動(dòng)句中

36、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前面的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句中介詞by的賓語(yǔ)(沒(méi)必要說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)可省略)，若主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，應(yīng)把主格變?yōu)橘e格?？键c(diǎn)2被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種特殊形式1. 主動(dòng)句中感官動(dòng)詞 see/hear/watch/feel等和使役動(dòng)詞 make/let/have等后跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)加上不定式符號(hào)to。例如We saw an alie n get out of the UFO.An alie n was see n to get out of the UFO.【注意點(diǎn)】后接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，賓補(bǔ)部分不變。對(duì)比： We heard Jim play ing the

37、 guitar in his room.Jim was heard play ing the guitar in hisroom.2. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后接雙賓語(yǔ)(直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ))時(shí)，(1) 把間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)不變。例如：He gave me a new book.I Mas given a new book by him.(2) 把直接賓語(yǔ)變主語(yǔ)，間接賓語(yǔ)不變。例如：He gave me a new book. A new book was given to me by him.3. 句中謂語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要注意其完整性。Jack tur ned on the TV ju

38、st now.The TV was turned on by Jack just now.4. 帶有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，只須把賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，而賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 仍保留在原處，作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：Our teacher told us to clea n the classroom at once.We were told to clea n the classroom atonce by our teacher.5. 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)(1) feel, look, sou nd, smell, taste等系動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)含義。例如：The dishes smell so de

39、licious. 菜聞起來(lái)真香。 Your idea sou nds better. 你的主意聽(tīng)起來(lái)更好。有些動(dòng)詞，如 sell, cut, drive, wash, clea n, write, ope n, lock等，作為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)可以用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)含義。例如：Books of Harry Potter sell well. 哈利 波特系列的書很暢銷。My pen writes smoothly.我的鋼筆寫起字來(lái)很流暢。(3) sth. need/ want/ require doing 相當(dāng)于sth. need/ want/ require to be done (不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)

40、構(gòu))。例如：Your room needs cleaning. = Your room needs to be cleaned. 你的房間需要打掃了。be worth doing(值得做)中的doing表示被動(dòng)含義。The movie is worth watch ing by every one. 這部電影值得所有人看一看。6. 不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況(1) 系動(dòng)詞、不及物動(dòng)詞或某些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如： come true; fall asleep; keep quiet; take place 等；(2) 主動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ)是不定式或doing時(shí)不能用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)；(3) 反身代詞或ea

41、ch other不能作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。7. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別“ be + p. p.表示動(dòng)作時(shí)是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；“ be + p. p.表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)時(shí)是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。(1)含有“ by +賓語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者，此時(shí)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如：The window is broke n.窗戶壞了。(系表結(jié)構(gòu))The win dow is broken by me.窗戶是我打破的。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))(2) 句中有地點(diǎn)、頻率或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如：The door was closed.門是關(guān)著的。(系表結(jié)構(gòu))The door was closed at 9: 00.九點(diǎn)鐘關(guān)的門。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))(

42、3) 系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常用介詞搭配，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中沒(méi)有介詞搭配。例如：we re worried about the boy.我們擔(dān)心那個(gè)男孩。(4) 系表結(jié)構(gòu)的過(guò)去分詞可以被副詞修飾。例如：I m really surprised at the news我對(duì)這個(gè)消息真的感到很驚訝。(5) 系表結(jié)構(gòu)通常只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)?！眷柟叹毩?xí)】1. A football match betwee n Class Two and Class Threetomorrow after noon.A. is heldB. was held C. must be held D. will

43、be held2. Look at that sig n. Smok inghere.A. isn t allowed B. doesn t allow C. aren t allowedD. don t allow3. I m glad to find that matreesin our city last year.A. pla ntB. pla ntedC. were pla ntedD. are pla nted4. Let s play computer games this evening. Itgood.A. soundsB. feelsC. tastesD. smells5.

44、 There was a big earthquake in Japa n, but luckily many people _A. save B. saved C. are saved D. were savedin Guiya ng this September.D. holds6. We re very glad to know that a great sports meetingC. will be holdA. will hold B. will be held7. In many places in China, the gover nment.A. is tak ing goo

45、d careC. is tak ing good care of8. At last the boy was madeA. stop cryingoldover 90not onlyB. are take n good care ofD. are take n good care and bega n to laugh.B. to stop to cry C. to stop cryingby their family but also by theD. stop to cryclock.9. You should have to stay beh ind if your homeworkbe

46、fore five oD. wasn t doneA. isn t done B. won t be done C. doesn t do10. Have you moved into the house? Not yet. The roomsA. are being pain ted B. are pain ti ng C. are pain tedD. are being painting.11. Two mon ths after begi nning the new work hours, good results （report） inJinan.12. An drew worked

47、 hard and helped the compa ny get a lot of mon ey. So he（give） araise by his boss.13. All the classes （teach） in En glish, because the pupils（speak） En glish since the age of six.14. Maybe somebody will give your purse back after it（find）15. whe n and where to build the new one ot decide） yet.【鏈接中考】

48、1. （2017 .臨沂）They have collected more than 14,000 books si nee the librarylast mon th.A. builtB. was built C. buildsD. is builtto drive a car.2. （2017.青島）Teenagers have to be 18 years old before theyA. are allowedB. allowedC. will be allowedD. allow3. （2017.萊蕪）More schools in Laiwuto provide childre

49、n with better education in a fewyears.A. builtB. are builtC. were built D. will be built4. （2017.泰安）As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinesein more and moreschools out of our coun try.A. teachesB. is taughtC. has taughtD. was taught5. （2017.河北） Hangzhouas the City of silk. Tourists like shoppin

50、g for silk there.A. knowsB. is known C. was known C. will be known6. （ 2017. 安徽） Mr. Greento sing an English song at the party and he sang well.A. was in vitedB. i nvitedC. is in vitedD. i nvites7. （ 2017. 上海）The museumn ext month to celebrate the Scie nee &Tech no logyFestival.A. is decorated B. will decorate C. is decorat ingD. will be decorated8. (2017.北京)The mobile phonein 1973.A. inventsB. id inven ted C. inven ted D. was inven ted9. (2016.荷澤)When you go abroad, you