東汽50mw汽輪機說明書 中文版

1、Project工程Sihanoukville 2X50MW Coal-Fired POWER PLANT西哈努克港250MW燃煤火力發(fā)電廠Client委托人CAMBODIAN ENERGY LTD.柬埔寨能源有限公司Consultant顧問POYRY ENERGY Ltd.貝利能源有限公司EPC Contractor承包商CHINA HUADIAN ENGNEERING CO.,LTD中國華電工程有限公司Equip. Supplier設(shè)備供應(yīng)商DONGFANG TURBINE Co., Ltd東方汽輪機有限公司Document No.: (WBK)D60F-000100BSM Rev : A文

2、件號： (WBK)D60F-000100BSM Rev : ADocument Title :文件名N60-8. 83 MmiMiMN60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual N60-8.83 汽輪機說明書(Main Turbine)汽輪機主體!t-n N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine)(WBK)D60F-000100BSMContents 目錄S/NSection章節(jié)Description說明Pages頁碼Remarks備注1Compilation Description總則121Main Tech

3、nical Specification and Economic Target主要技術(shù)規(guī)范及經(jīng)濟指標131-1Main Technical Specification主要技術(shù)規(guī)范241-2Technical and Economic Target and Promise Conditions技術(shù)及經(jīng)濟指標及承諾條件152General Design Features 一般設(shè)計特性162-1Operation Features運行特點272-2Main Steam System and Regenerative Extraction System主蒸汽系統(tǒng)和調(diào)節(jié)抽汽系統(tǒng)282-3Steam Co

4、ntribution and Operation Modes蒸汽作用及運營模式192-4Water-spraying System for Rear Cylinder后汽缸噴水系統(tǒng)1103Constructional Features of Turbine Proper汽輪機本體構(gòu)造特點2113-1Shafting 大軸2123-2Cylinder 汽缸2133-3Steam Fairway Arrangement 蒸汽管路布置2143-4Valves and Pipes 閥門及管道2153-5Slide Key System and Differential Expansion滑銷系統(tǒng)及脹差

5、2163-6Turning Gear 盤車裝置2173-7Insulation and Enclosure 絕緣保溫1183-8Temperature and Pressure Monitoring 溫度、壓力的監(jiān)視1194Manufacturer Name and Address制造商姓名、地址1Page 1 of 1Compilation Description總 則N60-8.83 type steam turbine is a 60 MW turbine model that is designed and manufactured based on the advanced tech

6、nologies that are introduced domestically and internationally. It is a new kind of condensing turbine of impulse type, high temperature, pressure and single cylinder. It matches boiler of corresponding capacity and steam turbine generator to form thermal generation unit. It is of basic load in elect

7、ricity grid, and can also regulate the peak.N6-8.83型汽輪機是依據(jù)國內(nèi)外先進的技術(shù)設(shè)計制造的60MW的汽輪機。它是新型的沖動、高溫、高壓、單缸凝汽式汽輪機，與應(yīng)容量的鍋爐及汽輪發(fā)電機相匹配組成熱力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。它可以帶電網(wǎng)基本負荷，同時可以調(diào)節(jié)峰值。The control system of this unit is low pressure electric regulation.控制系統(tǒng)是低壓電液控制This instruction manual mainly describes the general design of the unit a

8、nd the structure of the turbine proper. Please refer to related technical documents provided with the machine for detailed descriptions on related auxiliaries, governing, protection and safety systems, installation and maintenance, start-up and operation, and various systems. If the instruction conf

9、licts with technical documents provided, the documents shall prevail.說明書主要包括機組的一般設(shè)計及本體說明。關(guān)于輔機系統(tǒng)設(shè)備、調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)、保安系統(tǒng)、安裝和維護、啟動和操作及其他系統(tǒng)的詳細說明請參考相關(guān)技術(shù)文獻。若說明書與提供技術(shù)資料有沖突，以技術(shù)資料為準。In this instruction the pressures for the thermal system are presented in absolute pressure. The instruction uses legal measuring units sy

10、stem which can be converted .into engineering measuring units by means of the following:說明書中涉及到的熱力系統(tǒng)中的壓力為絕對壓力。說明中用到的法定度量單位體系可以根據(jù)下面的換算公式轉(zhuǎn)換為工程計量單位：Force: 1 kgf = 9.8067 N Pressure: 1 kgf / cm2 = 0.098067 MPa Heat:1 kcal = 4.1868 KJ公式：1 kgf = 9.8067 N Pressure: 1 kgf / cm2 = 0.098067 MPa Heat:1 kcal =

11、4.1868 KJNote: definitions of left and right sides: Being viewed in the direction from the steam turbine towards the generator, the left hand side is defined as the left side whereas the right hand side is defined as the right side. Definitions of front and rear ends: the end close to the steam turb

12、ine is defined as the front whereas the end close to the generator is defined as rear end.注意：“左側(cè)”和“右側(cè)”的定義：從汽輪機看向發(fā)電機的方向，左手側(cè)定義為“左”，右手側(cè)定義為“右”?！扒岸恕焙汀昂蠖恕钡亩x：汽輪機端定義為“前端”，而發(fā)電機端定義為“后端”。*1-11 Main Technical Specification and Economic Target1主要技術(shù)規(guī)范和經(jīng)濟指標1-1 Main Technical Specification1-1主要技術(shù)規(guī)范1 Model: N60-8.8

13、3型號：N60-8.832 Type.- impulse type, high pressure, high temperature, single cylinder, single shaft condensing steam turbine類型：沖動式、高壓、高溫、單缸、單軸冷凝汽輪機3 Guarantee output (TMCR condition): 60MW保證輸出（TMCR工況）：60 MW4 Maximum power (VWO condition): 64.5MW最大功率(VWO 工況)：64.5MW5 Rated condition (TMCR condition) par

14、ameters:額定工況參數(shù)a) Main steam pressure: 8.83MPa主蒸汽壓力8.83MPab) Main steam temperature: 535C主蒸汽溫度535Cc) Main steam flow: 225.8t/h主蒸汽流量225.8t/hd) Back pressure: 8.5kPa背壓8.5kPae) Inlet temperature of the cooling water: 30C冷卻水進口溫度30Cf) Makeup water temperature: 235.4C補給水溫度235.4C6 Maximum steam flow: 245t/h

15、主蒸汽流量245t/h7 Rotation direction: clockwise when viewed in the direction from turbine to generator轉(zhuǎn)動方向：從汽輪機向發(fā)電機方向看為順時針。8 Rated speed : 3000r/min額定轉(zhuǎn)速：3000r/min9 Shafting critical speed: (calculated value):臨界轉(zhuǎn)速（計算值）1810r/min (Steam turbine 1st step) 4160r/min(Steam turbine 2nd step) *1679.7r/min (Gener

16、ator 1st step)1810r/min（汽輪機一階）4160r/min（汽輪機二階）*1679.7r/min（發(fā)電機一階）* The shaft critical speed of generator refers to the data provided by the manufacturing company of the generator. 發(fā)電機轉(zhuǎn)子臨界轉(zhuǎn)速依據(jù)發(fā)電機制造廠家提供的數(shù)據(jù)。10 Number of stages: 21 stages in total, consisting of 1 governing stage +20 pressure stages級數(shù)：2

17、1級，包括一個調(diào)節(jié)級和20個壓力級11 Regenerative extractions: 6 stages consisting of 2 HP heaters+3 LP heaters+1 deaerator回?zé)岢闅猓?級，包括2個高壓加熱器3個低壓加熱器和1個除氧器12 Height of the last stage blade: 660mm末級葉片長度：660mm13 Annular area of the last blade: 4.14 m 2 末級葉片環(huán)形面積：4.14平方米14 Cooling surface area of the condenser: 4000 m 2凝汽

18、器冷卻面積：4000 m 215 Points for non-controlling extraction: Behind stages No 5, 8, 11, 15, 17, 19非調(diào)節(jié)抽氣口位置：在5、8、11、15、17、19級后16 Overall dimension of the turbine: 8569.5mmx6900mmx3360mm (The height is the distance between elevation of the operation floor and atmospheric-pressure-relief valve on the rear c

19、ylinder.) 汽輪機的總體尺寸：8569.5mmx6900mmx3360mm（高度是從運轉(zhuǎn)平臺到后汽缸上大氣壓力安全閥的垂直距離）17 Weight of the steam turbine: 141t, (including valves, steam pipes, frame and levelling parallels) 汽輪機的重量：141t，（包括閥門，蒸汽管道，水平支吊架）18 Maximum lifting weight: 25 tons(for lifting upper cylinder assembly during maintenance)38 tons(for

20、lifting lower cylinder assembly during installation) 最大吊裝重量：25t（檢修時上缸組合） 38t（安裝時下缸組合）19 Maximum lifting height : 6.36m (with respect to the operation floor) 最大吊裝高度：6.36m（吊鉤至運轉(zhuǎn)平臺）20 Elevation of the operation floor: 8 m 運轉(zhuǎn)平臺高度：8m21 Executive standard of the product: GB 5578-85 Specification for Stati

21、onary Steam Turbines Driving Generator.產(chǎn)品的執(zhí)行標準： GB 5578-85固定式發(fā)電機用汽輪機說明書1-2 Technical and Economic Target and Promise Conditions1-2技術(shù)經(jīng)濟指標及保證條件1. The rated output 60MW (TMCR condition) (The heat guarantee value is 9249 kJ/kW.h)will be guaranteed if the following operation conditions are met: 額定輸出60MW（

22、最大連續(xù)出力工況）（保證熱值為9249KJ/KWh）為保證熱值運行條件滿足以下要求：a) Main steam pressure: 8.83MPa; 主蒸汽壓力為：8.83MPab) Main steam temperature: 535C; 主蒸汽溫度為：535c) Main steam flow: 225.8t/h; 主蒸汽流量為：225.8t/hd) Back pressure: 8.5kPa; Inlet temperature of the cooling water: 30C;背壓為8.5KPa；冷卻水入口溫度為30e) Makeup water flow: 0%; 補水流量為：0

23、%f) Regenerative extraction system operates normally and keep steam fairway normal and clean;回?zé)岢槠到y(tǒng)運行正常并保持蒸汽管路正常清潔。g) Makeup water pump meets rated parameters;給水泵達到額定參數(shù)h) Efficiency of the generator is no less than 98.33%, rated power factor is 0.8;發(fā)電機效率不低于98.33%，額定功率因素0.82. The maximum output, 62.6

24、MW will be guaranteed if the following operation conditions are met(under the VWO condition):保證最大輸出功率62.6MW應(yīng)滿足以下運行條件（在閥門全開狀態(tài)）：a) Main steam pressure: 8.83MPa; Main steam temperature: 535C;主蒸汽壓力：8.83MPa，主蒸汽溫度535b) Main steam flow: 237.1t/h;主蒸汽流量：237.1t/hc) Back pressure: 8.5kPa; Inlet temperature of

25、the cooling water: 30C; 背壓：8,。5KPa；冷卻水入口溫度：30d) Makeup water flow is: 0%;給水流量0%e) Regenerative extraction system operates normally and keep steam fairway normal and clean;回?zé)岢槠到y(tǒng)運行正常并保持蒸汽管路正常清潔。f) Makeup water pump meets rated parameters;給水泵達到額定參數(shù)g) Efficiency of the generator is no less than 98.33%,

26、 rated power factor is 0.8;發(fā)電機效率不低于98.33%，額定功率因素0.83. If the thermal evaluation test is not conducted in a timely manner after the unit is put into operation, an aging deduction factor for correcting the thermal efficiency shall be considered in accordance with IEC 953-2-90 of International Electric

27、ians Committee. 如果在機組投入運行后沒有及時做熱力試驗，依照國際電力委員會標準，為排除設(shè)備老化影響引入修正系數(shù)來修正熱效率。The factors are as follows:系數(shù)規(guī)定如下：a) 0.07%/month during a period of 3-12 months;在3-12個月期間為0.07%b) 0.042%/month during a period of 13-24 months;在13-24個月期間為0.042%Method for acceptance test with respect to the thermo-dynamic performa

28、nce, accuracy of the instruments used, the revision of the test results and the uncertainty of measured heat rate should meet the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Standard (ASME PTC6.1).關(guān)于熱力學(xué)性能驗收測試采取的措施，儀器使用的準確性，對測試結(jié)果及測試熱效率不準確性的修正應(yīng)依據(jù)美國工程師機械標準（ASME PTC6.1）N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (

29、Main Turbine)(WBK)D60F-000100BSM2-12 General Design Features2一般設(shè)計特性2-1 Operation Features2-1運行特性1 Startup Conditions啟動方式The startup conditions of this unit are classified based on the inner wall metal temperature of thelower body of front cylinder after the regulating stage.機組啟動方式是根據(jù)下汽缸體調(diào)節(jié)級后內(nèi)壁金屬溫度來分

30、類的：Cold start-up: less than 150C;冷態(tài)啟動：低于150Warm start-up: 150C300C;半熱態(tài)啟動：150-300Hot start-up: 300400C;熱態(tài)啟動：300-400Extreme hot start-up: above 400C;極熱態(tài)啟動：400以上The unit can be started up with rated parameters or slide parameters.機組既可以采用額定參數(shù)啟動，也可以采用滑參數(shù)啟動。2 Operation Controlling Mode操作控制模式Operator manua

31、l mode (manual); operator auto mode (semi auto); turbine self-start mode (auto)手動操作；半自動操作；自動操作3 Offset Frequency Operation超出設(shè)定頻率范圍的運行During lifetime, the unit operation is continuous and stable in the frequency range of 48.551 Hz. Offset frequency operation time limit of the unit shall conform to th

32、e following table.整個過程中，機組運行是連續(xù)的，并且保持頻率在48.5-51Hz范圍內(nèi)。機組在超出設(shè)定頻率運行時間限制依據(jù)下表：Frequency (Hz)頻率Permitted operation time允許運行時間Total (min)總時間（分）One time (sec)一次運行時間（秒）51.5Not allowed不允許51.0-51.5303048.5-51.0Continuous operation繼續(xù)運行48.0-48.530030047.5-48.0606047.0-47.5101047.0Not allowed不允許4 Unit allowable l

33、oad change rate機組允許的負荷變動率From 100% to 50%T-MCR, not more than 5%T-MCR/min; Below 50%T-MCR, not more than 3%T-MCR/min; Load phase step being no more than 10% is allowed.在100%到50%最大功率之間，負荷變動率不大于5%最大功率/min;低于50%最大功率時，負荷變動率不大于3%最大功率/min；負荷加載階段不超過10%是允許的。5 Others其他5.1 To ensure safe unit operation, the m

34、aximum allowed back pressure is 17.7kPa; maximum allowed exhaust temperature is 100C.為保證機組安全運行，最大允許背壓17.7KPa；最大允許排氣溫度為100。5.2 It is not allowed idle running to last more than 15 minutes after load rejection.甩負荷后，不允許空轉(zhuǎn)超過15分鐘。5.3 The allowed unit minimum load for long-term operation is 18MW, within th

35、e range of minimum load to 100% rated load, the turbine can operates continuously and stably.機組允許長時間運行的最小功率為18MW，在機組允許最小功率到額定功率范圍內(nèi)，機組可連續(xù)穩(wěn)定運行。N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine)(WBK)D60F-000100BSM2-2 Main Steam System and Regenerative Extraction System 2-2主蒸汽系統(tǒng)和回?zé)岢槠到y(tǒng)1 Main Steam Syste

36、m主蒸汽系統(tǒng)The main steam system is a unit operation that means one boiler operates with one steam turbine under normal condition.在正常情況下，單元制機組中主蒸汽系統(tǒng)是指一臺鍋爐對應(yīng)一臺汽輪機運行。The main steam, coming from the boiler, flows into the main stop valve through a main steam pipe, then it goes to four governing valves separ

37、ately via four main steam inlet pipes, finally flows to the cylinder. The steam, having done work in the cylinders, will be exhausted into a condenser through the rear cylinder.來自鍋爐的主蒸汽，通過主蒸汽管道進入主汽門，然后通過四個調(diào)節(jié)閥分別進入四根主蒸汽進口管路，最終進入汽缸。在汽缸內(nèi)做完工的蒸汽，到達后汽缸然后排入凝汽器中。2 Regenerative extraction system回?zé)岢槠到y(tǒng)There ar

38、e six stages of regenerative extraction for this unit, consisting of two HP heaters, one deaerator and three LP heaters. Please refer to Figure 2-2-1 Rated Condition Heat Balance Chart.本機組有六級回?zé)岢槠?，包括兩臺高壓加熱器，一臺除氧器和三臺低壓加熱器。請參閱表2-2-1中額定工況熱平衡表Table 2-2-1 shows all parameter of the extracted steam for the

39、 regenerative system when the deaerator is in constant pressure operation under TMCR condition.表2-2-1表示的是在最大連續(xù)運行工況下除氧器定壓運行時回?zé)岢槠到y(tǒng)所有參數(shù)Extraction Section No.抽汽序號123456Heater name加熱器名稱No.lHP1#高加No.2HP2#高加DTR除氧器No.4LP4#低加No.5LP5#低加N0.6LP6#低加HTRHTRHTRHTRHTRExtraction point(behind stage)抽汽口位置（級后）581115171

40、9Pressure(MPa)壓力3.4661.941.0260.3520.1540.045Pressure loss(MPa)壓損3%3%5%5%5%5%Extraction temperaturefC)抽汽溫度416.1342.9269.1160.9112.178.6Flow (t/h)流量14.11316.7295.0767.88811.26.4Table 2-2-1表2-2-12-1-2N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine)(WBK)D60F-000100BSM2-2-2Fig 2-2-1 Diagram of Regener

41、ative System under TMCR Condition最大連續(xù)工況下回?zé)嵯到y(tǒng)圖N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine)(WBK)D60F-0001 OOBSMFigure 2-3-1From the Turbine to the Generator2-3 Steam Contribution and Operation Modes配汽方式Nozzle control, used in this unit, involves four groups of nozzles. Each group of nozzles corr

42、esponds to one related governing valve. The angles turned of the cams of admission distribution cam mechanism correspond to the openness of the governing valves. Figure 2-3-1 shows the distribution of nozzle and the total number of steam passages. When the unit load is less than 25%, the flow is con

43、trolled by equilibrated valves of the four governing valves, and steam shall uniformly enter the casing to reduce thermal stress. With the increase of load, No. I to No.IVgoverning valves are opened in turn to control flow. When all four governing valves remain fully open, the partial admission rate

44、 reaches 62.5%.m I m本機組采用的是噴嘴調(diào)節(jié)，有四組噴嘴，每組噴嘴對應(yīng)一個調(diào)節(jié)閥。入口凸輪機構(gòu)的角度分布與調(diào)節(jié)閥的開啟相對應(yīng)。圖2-3-1表示的是噴嘴的分布及蒸汽通道總的數(shù)量。當(dāng)機組負荷小于25%時，四個調(diào)節(jié)閥門均衡的調(diào)節(jié)流量，蒸汽均勻的進入汽缸以減小熱應(yīng)力。隨著負荷的增加，從到調(diào)節(jié)閥依次開啟調(diào)節(jié)進汽量，當(dāng)四個調(diào)節(jié)閥全開后，部分進汽度達到62.5%。2-4 Water-Spraying System for the Rear Cylinder2-4 后汽缸噴水系統(tǒng)When the unit operates under low load or no load conditio

45、ns, especially high back pressure condition, the temperature of the exhausted steam increases to overheat the cylinder. As a result, the center height of the bearing will be changed and violent vibration may occur.當(dāng)機組在低負荷或空負荷運行時，特別是高背壓工況下，排汽溫度升高對汽缸過度加熱，會導(dǎo)致軸承中心高度改變，產(chǎn)生劇烈振動。The water-spraying system, p

46、laced at the lower half of the rear cylinder, is used to keep the unit in operation with safety and steadiness under low load or no load condition. It is controlled automatically. When the temperature of any side of the rear cylinder has reached 80 C, the corresponding circuit will be closed by the

47、bimetallic thermometer to actuate electrical valve so that the condensate which come from desalination device is sprayed into the rear cylinder through atomizing nozzles to decrease temperature of the exhausted steam. When temperature of the exhausted steam is below 65C, the circuit will be open and

48、 the water spraying is stopped.噴水系統(tǒng)設(shè)置在后汽缸的下部，為了保證機組在空負荷或低負荷工況下運行時的安全穩(wěn)定性，它是自動調(diào)節(jié)的，當(dāng)后汽缸溫度達到80時，雙金屬溫度計會將對應(yīng)的回路關(guān)閉，使電動閥門動作，從而使來自除鹽水裝置的凝結(jié)水通過噴嘴噴到后汽缸以減低排汽溫度。當(dāng)排汽溫度降至65以下時，回路開啟，停止噴水。The condensate pressure must be controlled within the range of 0.2940.490MPa in advance to obtain a perfect effect of atomization.

49、 Water spraying flow is within the range of 68t/h. The details are shown in the drawing(WBK)D50C.005.4Q, Water Spraying System.為了使噴水達到很好的噴霧效果，凝結(jié)水壓力要控制在0.294-0.490MPa范圍內(nèi)，噴水流量在6-8t/h之間，詳細的規(guī)定在圖紙(WBK)D50C.005.4Q,噴水系統(tǒng)。2-1-1N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine)(WBK)D60F-000100BSM3 Constructio

50、nal Features of Turbine Proper3 汽輪機本特的結(jié)構(gòu)特征This is a kind of condensing turbine of impulse type, high temperature, pressure and single cylinder. In order to reduce the stress on the cylinder and increase the flexibility of the start-up, shut-down and load changes, the front and MP part of cylinder de

51、signed as single tier cylinder and diaphragm carrier structure. The main stop valve is arranged independently at the front of the turbine on the elevation of the operation floor, and connected with cylinder via pipes. Total length of the unit is 8569.5mm. See Figure 3-1 for the section view.本機組采用沖動、

52、高溫、高壓、單缸、凝汽式汽輪機，為了減小對汽缸的作用力，增加機組啟動、停止及負荷變化的靈活性，前汽缸及承壓部分設(shè)計成單層缸和隔板承載結(jié)構(gòu)。主汽門單獨設(shè)置在汽輪機前端的運轉(zhuǎn)層上，通過管道與汽缸連接。機組總長8569.5mm，見圖3-1截面圖。Main steam from the boiler HP heater enters the main stop valve via one 325x28 main steam pipe and then to the 4 nozzle chambers in front cylinder respectively through 4- 168x14 ad

53、mission pipes. After working in 1 single serial governing stage and 20 pressure stages, the steam is exhausted to condenser from the exhaust chamber in rear cylinder. The 1st section of steam extraction is provided after the 5th stage to supply 1# HP heater (N0.1HP HTR), the 2nd section of steam ext

54、raction are provided after the 8th stage to supply #2HP heater (NO.2HP.HTR), the 3ird section of steam extraction are provided after the 11th stage to supply the deaerator (DTR).There is one extraction point respectively after the 15th stage, 17th stage and 19th stage to supply #4, 5 ,6 LP heaters (N0.4LPHT