全新版大學英語綜合教程4Unit_2

1、Unit 2 Smart Cars Automobile (美美)各種機動車各種機動車 總稱總稱 Vehicle 交通工具，車交通工具，車 Car (英英)尤指小轎車尤指小轎車 (美美)小轎車，四小轎車，四 輪馬車輪馬車 Convertible 敞篷雙門轎跑車敞篷雙門轎跑車 SUV-Sports Utility Vehicle 多功能運動車多功能運動車 Off-road vehicle 越野車越野車 Sports Coupe 硬頂跑車硬頂跑車 MPV-Multi-Purpose Vehicle多功能車多功能車 Classical car 老爺車老爺車 Recreational Car 房車房車

2、 Conceptual Car 概念車概念車 Pick-up皮卡皮卡(小卡車小卡車) Ferrari Citreoen Peugeot Mitsubishi Honda Toyota Porsche Chevrolet Volkswagen Ford Buick Lamborghini Rolls Royce BMW-Bavarian Motor Works寶馬寶馬 Jaguar捷豹捷豹 Benz奔馳奔馳 Hummer 悍馬悍馬 (原意為原意為“蜂鳥蜂鳥”，悍馬，悍馬 多數為大型吉普車、房多數為大型吉普車、房 車車) Cadillac凱迪拉克凱迪拉克 the Cadillac of sth一流

3、一流 的，最好的，頂級的的，最好的，頂級的 How much do you know about smart cars? What do you imagine a smart car can do? talk to the driver? drive on its own? warn the driver of dangers? locate the car? sense the driving conditions nearby? sensor(L10) monitor(L24) bumper(L25) dashboard(L33) orbiting satellite(L40) rece

4、iver(L49) navigation(L53) microchip(L56) radio transmitter(L65) rear-view mirror 傳感器 監(jiān)控 保險杠 儀表板 沿軌道運行的衛(wèi)星 (信號)接受器 導航 微芯片 無線電信號發(fā)射機 后視鏡 A street is a road in a city, town, or village, usually with houses along it. 街道 Wall Street 華爾街華爾街 A road is a long piece of hard ground that is built between two pla

5、ces so that people can drive or ride easily from one place to the other. 公路 on the road 在旅途中在旅途中 Avenue is sometimes used in the names of streets. 大街，林蔭大道 The Fifth Avenue 第五大道 Avenue is sometimes used in the names of streets. 大街，林蔭大道 The Fifth Avenue 第五大道 An alley is a narrow passage or street with

6、 buildings or walls on both sides. 小巷 p A lane is a narrow road, especially in the country. (尤指鄉(xiāng)間的) 小路 p A lane is a part of a main road which is marked by the edge of the road and a painted line, or by two painted lines. 車道 A highway is a main road, especially one that connects towns or cities. (尤指

7、城市間的) 公路 An expressway is a wide road that is specially designed to carry a lot of traffic moving quickly. It has no stop signs or signals. 高速公路 l Underground / subway l Light rail (elevated railway) l Inner-ring road l Outer-ring road l Elevated road; viaduct l Over-pass l Mag-lev train: Magnetical

8、ly levitated train Part Division of the Text PartsParaMain Ideas 11-3 24-9 310-13 The prospect of future smart cars and smart highways. Features of future smart cars The building of smart highways Global Reading PartsMain Ideas Para 1 Para 2 Para 3 Pare 4 Para 5 The effects of the computer revolutio

9、n on cars The status of the automobile industry Key to tomorrows “smart car” Monitoring the drivers state (alcoholic) Monitoring the driving conditions Global Reading PartsMain Ideas Para 6 Para 7 Para 8 Para 9 Para 10 Monitoring the drivers state (sleepy) Locating the position, warning you of jams

10、Counting the distance Smart cars in Japan The vast application of GPS in the future Global Reading PartsMain Ideas Para 11 Para 12 Para 13 Building of smart highways Automated driver Prospect of Telematics Smart cars that can see, hear, feel, smell, and talk? And drive on their own? This may sound l

11、ike a dream, but the computer revolution is set to turn it into a reality. be (all) set for sth. / to do sth.: be quite ready 1. Even the automobile industry, which has remained largely unchanged for the last seventy years, is about to feel the effects of the computer revolution. 2.The automobile in

12、dustry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century. There are presently 500 million cars on earth, or one car for every ten people. Sales of the automobile industry stand at about a trillion dollars, making it the worlds biggest manufacturing industry. 3. The c

13、ar, and the roads it travels on, will be revolutionized in the twenty-first century. The key to tomorrows “smart cars” will be sensors. “Well see vehicles and roads that see and hear and feel and smell and talk and act,” predicts Bill Spreitzer, technical director of General Motors Corporations ITS

14、program, which is designing the smart car and road of the future. Part I (p13) -The impact of new technology on cars and highways of future Part Division of the Text PartsParaMain Ideas 11-3 24-9 310-13 The prospect of future smart cars and smart highways. Features of future smart cars The building

15、of smart highways Main idea: features of future smart cars 1. _ most car accidents (para4) 2. _ the police if the car is stolen (para4) 3. _ ones driving and the driving conditions nearby (para5) 4. alert the driver who feels _ (para6) 5. _ the car precisely and _ traffic jams. (para7) eliminate ale

16、rt monitor sleepy locate warn of “blind spot”(L27) a portion of the road behind a car, which a driver cant observe from the rear-view mirror Global Positioning System(L42) a service linked with a satellite “atomic clock”(L46) It vibrates at a precise frequency, according to the laws of the quantum t

17、heory. 4. Approximately 40,000 people are killed each year in the United States in traffic accidents. The number of people that are killed or badly injured in car accidents is so vast that we dont even bother to mention them in the newspapers anymore. What is the main idea of the third and the forth

18、 paragraphs? 5. Smart cars have already been built which can monitor ones driving and the driving conditions nearby. Small radars hidden in the bumpers can scan for nearby cars. Should you make a serious driving mistake (e.g., change lanes when there is a car in your “blind spot”) the computer would

19、 sound an immediate warning. Fully half of these fatalities come from drunk drivers, and many others from carelessness. A smart car could eliminate most of these car accidents. It can sense if a driver is drunk via electronic sensors that can pick up alcohol vapor in the air, and refuse to start up

20、the engine. The car could also alert the police and provide its precise location if it is stolen. What is the main idea of the fifth paragraph? fatal fatality mortal - mortality 6. At the MIT Media Lab, a prototype is already being built which will determine how sleepy you are as you drive, which is

21、 especially important for long-distance truck drivers. The monotonous, almost hypnotic process of staring at the center divider for long hours is a grossly underestimated, life- threatening hazard. To eliminate this, a tiny camera hidden in the dashboard can be trained on a drivers face and eyes. If

22、 the drivers eyelids close for a certain length of time and his or her driving becomes erratic, a computer in the dashboard could alert the driver. What is the main idea of the sixth paragraph? 7. Two of the most frustrating things about driving a car are getting lost and getting stuck in traffic. W

23、hile the computer revolution is unlikely to cure these problems, it will have a positive impact. Sensors in your car tuned to radio signals from orbiting satellites can locate your car precisely at any moment and warn of traffic jams. We already have twenty-four Navstar satellites orbiting the earth

24、, making up what is called the Global Positioning System. They make it possible to determine your location on the earth to within about a hundred feet. What is the main idea of the seventh paragraph? At any given time, there are several GPS satellites orbiting overhead at a distance of about 11,000

25、miles. Each satellite contains four “atomic clocks,” which vibrate at a precise frequency, according to the laws of the quantum theory. 8. As a satellite passes overhead, it sends out a radio signal that can be detected by a receiver in a cars computer. The cars computer can then calculate how far t

26、he satellite is by measuring how long it took for the signal to arrive. Since the speed of light is well known, any delay in receiving the satellites signal can be converted into a distance. What is the main idea of the eighth paragraph? 量子理論量子理論 9. In Japan there are already over a million cars wit

27、h some type of navigational capability. (Some of them locate a cars position by correlating the rotations in the steering wheel to its position on a map.) What is the main idea of the ninth and tenth paragraphs? The detailed information of the impact of new technology on cars Future cars will help e

28、liminate traffic accidents, determined their own precise locations 1. warn of traffic jam Para 10 Para 11 Para 12 Para 13 The prospects for applications of GPS. The eventual goal of “telematics” is to put smart cars on smart highways. What is an “automated driver”? The hopes promoters of the smart h

29、ighway have for its future. Main idea: _ and _will make it possible to build smart highways. GPStelematics “telematics”(L62) tele-distant matics-informatics a branch of knowledge concerned with long- distance transmission “automated driver”(L69) The plan calls for computers, aided by controlled by c

30、omputer. Para10 L57 What does “the commercial industry” refer to? It refers to the industry to which GPS is applied commercially. Paraphrase the sentence “The commercial industry” The commercial industry is bound to develop rapidly and be prosperous. 10. With the price of microchips dropping so dras

31、tically, future applications of GPS are virtually limitless. “The commercial industry is poised to explode,” says Randy Hoffman of Magellan Systems Corp., which manufactures navigational systems. Blind individuals could use GPS sensors in walking sticks, airplanes could land by remote control, hiker

32、s will be able to locate their position in the woodsthe list of potential uses is endless. What is the main idea of the ninth and tenth paragraphs? 11. GPS is actually but part of a larger movement, called “telematics,” which will eventually attempt to put smart cars on smart highways. Prototypes of

33、 such highways already exist in Europe, and experiments are being made in California to mount computer chips, sensors, and radio transmitters on highways to alert cars to traffic jams and obstructions. 12. On an eight-mile stretch of Interstate 15 ten miles north of San Diego, traffic engineers are

34、installing an MIT-designed system which will introduce the “automated driver.” The plan calls for computers, aided by thousands of three-inch magnetic spikes buried in the highway, to take complete control of the driving of cars on heavily trafficked roads. Cars will be bunched into groups of ten to

35、 twelve vehicles, only six feet apart, traveling in unison, and controlled by computer. What is the main idea of the eleventh and twelfth paragraphs? 13. Promoters of this computerized highway have great hopes for its future. By 2010, telematics may well be incorporated into one of the major highway

36、s in the United States. If successful, by 2020, as the price of microchips drops to below a penny a piece, telematics could be adopted in thousands of miles of highways in the United States. This could prove to be an environmental boon as well, saving fuel, reducing traffic jams, decreasing air poll

37、ution, and serving as an alternative to highway expansion. What is the main idea of the thirteenth paragraph? The impact of new technology on highways “Should” is often used in subordinate clauses after “if” - it makes an event sound less probable. If you should see Harry, give him my regards. (You

38、might see him.) In British English, the structure “if + subject + should + verb” is often replaced by “Should + subject + verb”. Should you see Harry, give him my regards. Here “train” means to focus on or aim at. There are sensors in the car and they are tuned to radio signals which come from orbit

39、ing satellites. The sensors can locate the car and warn of traffic jams. A signal is a gesture, sound, or action which is intended to give a particular message to the person who sees or hears it. 信號 If you signal to someone, you make a gesture or sound in order to send them a particular message. (打手

40、勢或發(fā)聲音) 向示意; 發(fā)信號 Chinas search vessel picks up pulse signal in South Indian Ocean. Peach flowers signal springs coming. An orbit is the curved path in space that is followed by an object going around and around a planet, moon, or star. (天 運行的) 軌道 Mars and Earth have orbits which change with time. If

41、something such as a satellite orbits a planet, moon, or sun, it moves around it in a continuous, curving path. 環(huán)繞的軌道運 行 In 1957 the Soviet Union launched the first artificial satellite to orbit the earth. V-T To detect something means to find it or discover that it is present somewhere by using equi

42、pment or making an investigation. 探測 V-T If you detect something, you notice it or sense it, even though it is not very obvious. 察覺 Chinese patrol ship Haixun 01 has intensified its effort to detect signals emitted from the black box of missing Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 since Friday morning off

43、 the Australian western coast. Young Detective Dee: Rise of the Sea Dragon Movie Detective Conan: The Raven Chaser Blind Detective V-T If you calculate a number or amount, you discover it from information that you already have, by using arithmetic, mathematics, or a special machine. 計算 It is undenia

44、ble that the computer is the most popular calculating device in modern society. But how did people calculate in ancient times? Calculator abacus 通過這些衛(wèi)星我們有可能以小于通過這些衛(wèi)星我們有可能以小于100100英尺的誤差確定你英尺的誤差確定你 在地球上的方位。在地球上的方位。 China launches remote-sensing satellite。 A bunch of flowers A bunch of grapes When some

45、thing decreases or when you decrease it, it becomes less in quantity,size, or intensity. 使降低; 降低 Study shows smog decreases life expectancy by 5 Years. If something expands or is expanded, it becomes larger. 擴大; 膨脹 expand market 開拓市場 expand domestic demand 擴大內需 They locate the cars position by estab

46、lishing the relation between the rotations in the wheel and the cars position on a map. 1. What does “the commercial industry” refer to? It refers to the industry to which GPS is applied commercially. 2. Paraphrase the sentence. The commercial industry is bound to develop rapidly and be prosperous.

47、1. How much do you know about the Interstate in the U.S.? Interstate is one of a system of highways extending between and connecting the major cities of the United States. 2. What does “stretch” mean? It means a continuous or unbroken length. 3.Translate this part into Chinese. 在圣迭戈以北在圣迭戈以北1010英里的英里

48、的1515號州際公路一段號州際公路一段8 8英里長的英里長的 路面上路面上 1.Paraphrase the structure “may well be ” is very likely that 2.Translate this sentence into Chinese. 到到20102010年，遠程信息技術很可能應用于美國年，遠程信息技術很可能應用于美國 的一條主要公路。的一條主要公路。 rank among/as 屬于屬于之列，列在之列，列在當中當中 He ranks among our greatest writers. 他躋身于我們最偉大的作家之列。他躋身于我們最偉大的作家之列。

49、 rankingranking list list 排行榜排行榜 Global Rich List Global Rich List 全球財富排行榜全球財富排行榜 Top rank Top rank 名列前茅，一流的，頂尖的名列前茅，一流的，頂尖的 lucrative job lucrative profit 近幾年在中國，房地產業(yè)是最賺錢的生意。近幾年在中國，房地產業(yè)是最賺錢的生意。 The real estate industry has ranked as the most lucrative business in China in recent years. “Stand” is u

50、sed to show a particular level or amount. For example: BurjKhalifa, the tallest building in the world, stands 828 meters high. 1) make goods on a large scale using machinery This firm manufactures cars. 在工廠制造產品在工廠制造產品 to manufacture goods in a factory 2) invent; make up Youll have to manufacture som

51、e kind of excuse. 她編了一段謊話來掩蓋事實。她編了一段謊話來掩蓋事實。 She manufactured a false story to hide the facts. manufacture constant and boring In the 1970s we had a monotonous diet of rice and vegetables. A hazard is something which could be dangerous to you, your health or safety, or your plans or reputation. 危 險

52、一份新的報告指出，嚼口香糖可能給健康帶來危 害。 A new report suggests that chewing gum may be a health hazard. Rescuers search for the missing people in the debris(廢墟) after a residential building collapsed （倒塌） in Fenghua, east Chinas Zhejiang Province, April 4, 2014. One person has died in hospital after being rescued f

53、rom the rubble （瓦礫） of the residential building that collapsed here on Friday morning, doctors confirmed. . Chinese icebreaker Xue Long heading for stranded ship was also got stuck in Ice. If something vibrates or if you vibrate it, it shakes with repeated small, quick movements. 使顫動; 顫動 The kite, a

54、 Chinese invention, has been praised as the forerunner （先驅） of the modern airplane. The earliest Chinese kites were made of wood, which date as far back as the Warring States Period (戰(zhàn)國） and were used for military purposes. During the Tang Dynasty (618-907), people began to fix on kites some bamboo

55、strips which, when high in the air, would vibrate and ring in the breeze like a zheng (a stringed instrument). Since then, the popular Chinese name for the kite has become fengzheng (wind zheng). This radio signal has a frequency of 800,000 cycles per second. The frequency of accidents on that road

56、made the council lower the speed limit. 那條道路交通事故頻繁那條道路交通事故頻繁,為此市議會決定降低那里的為此市議會決定降低那里的 車速限制。車速限制。 Smoking and lung cancer are closely correlated. Pattern: correlate (sth.) with/to sth. correlate his overweight to overeating 把理論與實踐聯(lián)系起來把理論與實踐聯(lián)系起來 correlate the theory with practice Pattern: convert sth. to/into sth. convert RMB dollars into American dollars 那座樓房改成學校了。那座樓房改成學校了。 That building has been converted into a school. Pattern: convert sb. to sth. She managed to convert him to her opinion. 她終于設法說服了他接受她的