中考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)專題(_數(shù)詞)(1)

1、中考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)專題(_數(shù)詞)(1)專題 數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目或順序的詞是。數(shù)詞有兩種：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。詞表示數(shù)目，如：one, two, three;詞表示數(shù)目的順序如：first, second third等且序數(shù)詞常與定冠詞the 連用。一、基數(shù)詞1.基數(shù)詞的基本構(gòu)成(1)從 1- 12 是獨(dú)立的數(shù)詞：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, te n, eleven, twelve。(2)從 13 - 19：在個(gè)位數(shù)后-teen，并有兩個(gè)重音。thirteen, fifteen,eighteen, nineteen(3)從20-

2、90的各整十位數(shù)都以-ty結(jié)尾。twenty, thirty,fifty, eighty, ninety(4)20到100之間的其余的兩位數(shù)，要在十位和個(gè)位之間加連字符號(hào)“” 。twenty-five, thirty-two, ninety-eight(5)百位以上的數(shù)詞，要在百位和十位(沒有十位則和個(gè)位)之間加and。101：one hundred one258：two hundred fifty-eight(6)英語(yǔ)中的數(shù)詞每3位數(shù)一個(gè)單位hundred，thousand 千，million百萬(wàn) ,billon十億從個(gè)位向前，每三位加一個(gè)“，”；第一個(gè)“，”號(hào)前是thousand(千) ，

3、第二個(gè)“，”前是million(百萬(wàn))。95，680：ninety five thousand, six hundred and eighty(7) hundred, thousand, million的用法hundred, thousand, million在任何具體數(shù)字之前，都要用單數(shù)形式。但如果其后有of，則要用復(fù)數(shù)形式(其前面不能再加具體數(shù)目)。例如：two million 200萬(wàn) millions of 數(shù)百萬(wàn)thousands of visitors have come to Beijing in the last two months.在過去的兩個(gè)月里有成千上萬(wàn)的來(lái)訪者到過北京

4、。二。.基數(shù)詞的用法(1）基數(shù)詞在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。Two of them are workers from China. 他們之中有兩名是來(lái)自中國(guó)的勞工。(作主語(yǔ))-How many pieces of paper do you want?-I want two. -你要幾張紙?我要兩張。(作賓語(yǔ))-Three times five is fifteen. 3乘5等于15。(作表語(yǔ))His daughter is only five. 他的女兒只有5歲。(作表語(yǔ))There are twenty two boy students in our class. 我們班有

5、22個(gè)男生。(作定語(yǔ))They two will go to attend the meeting with you.他們倆個(gè)人將與你一起去參加那個(gè)會(huì)議。(作同位語(yǔ))(2)基數(shù)詞與名詞連用表示編號(hào)。Lesson Eight 第八課Class One, Grade Three 三年級(jí)一班Room 102 102號(hào)房間No.4 Middle School 四中38 Changan Street 長(zhǎng)安街38號(hào)Bus No.10 10路公共汽車P.O.Box 325 325號(hào)信箱Tel. No. 6850,3258 電話號(hào)碼：6850，3258(3） 數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)表示年齡和年代、月份和日期。表求確切年齡S

6、he is ten years old. 她十歲了。表示年代或人的不確切歲數(shù)，用幾十的復(fù)數(shù)形式in the forties 在40年代The old man is now in his eighties. 這位老人現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)80多歲了。表示年、月、日in 1992 在1992年in June, 1966. 在1966年6月on July 28, 1978. 在1978年7月28號(hào)(4)基數(shù)詞用于表示時(shí)間。表示時(shí)間有兩種方法：表示“幾點(diǎn)過幾分”，30分鐘之內(nèi)用介詞。例如：八點(diǎn)十分(810) ten past eight十二點(diǎn)半(1230) half past twelve表示“幾點(diǎn)差幾分”，30分

7、鐘之內(nèi)(不包括30分整)，用介詞。例如：差十分八點(diǎn)(750) ten to eight差一刻九點(diǎn)(845) a quarter to nine也可以按照時(shí)刻表直接讀數(shù)字。例如：二點(diǎn)四十(2：40) two forty五點(diǎn)半(5：30)： (5)基數(shù)詞可以表示算式。8+4=12 Eight plus(and) four is twelve.15-9=6 Fifteen minus nine is (leaves) six.79=63 Seven times nine is sixty three.306=5 Thirty divided by six is five.二、序數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目的順序或事

8、物的位置的詞，叫作序數(shù)詞。1.序數(shù)詞的形式從第一到第三為獨(dú)立的特殊形式first, second, third.從第4到第19以基數(shù)詞加“th”構(gòu)成：fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth第20以上的的序數(shù)詞從20到90等以ty 結(jié)尾的十位整數(shù)，把 y 改成i再加 “eth”構(gòu)成序數(shù)詞twentieth, thirtieth, for

9、tieth, fiftieth, sixt ieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth100的序數(shù)詞為：hundredth。其余的兩位或多位數(shù)，只將個(gè)位改成序數(shù)詞 ，其余仍用基數(shù)詞表示：twenty-first, thirty-second, forty-third注意：fifth, ninth, twelfth與原基數(shù)詞拼寫不同。序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式為阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加序數(shù)詞最后兩個(gè)字母組成。122nd(第122)，38th(第38)，281st(第281)2.序數(shù)詞的用法(1)序數(shù)詞可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)The second is better than

10、 the first.第二個(gè)比第一個(gè)好。(作主語(yǔ))He has built five bridges since 1950, now he is starting on the sixth .自1950年以來(lái)，他已建造過五座橋了，現(xiàn)在他正開始建第六座橋。(作賓語(yǔ))Mary is the first to complete the test paper in her class. (作表語(yǔ))瑪麗是她們班上第一個(gè)完成試卷的人。She always comes first.她總是第一個(gè)到。(作狀語(yǔ))This was the first time he came to China.這是他第一次來(lái)中國(guó)。

11、(作定語(yǔ))序數(shù)詞在使用時(shí)，通常前面要加定冠詞，當(dāng)序數(shù)詞前有物主代詞是the省略 ；但是如果序數(shù)詞前出現(xiàn)不定冠詞a 或an時(shí),則表示“再, “又。You can do it a second time.你可以做第二次。(作定語(yǔ))(2)序數(shù)詞可以表示日期。It happened on September 18th, 1931.這發(fā)生在1931年9月18日。(3)序數(shù)詞可以表示編號(hào)。the twelfth lesson (=Lesson12) 第十二課the second paragaph (=Paragraph Two) 第二段the fourth Middle School (=No.4 Mid

12、dle School) 第四中學(xué)the thirty eighth room(=Room 38) 第38號(hào)房間the tenth page (Page 10)第10頁(yè)三、數(shù)詞的特定表示法和讀法分?jǐn)?shù)、小數(shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)的表示方法(1) 分?jǐn)?shù)表示法分?jǐn)?shù)的構(gòu)成分?jǐn)?shù)的構(gòu)成為分子用，分母用，分子如果大于1，則分母序數(shù)詞一般都用數(shù)形式。1/2：a (one) half, 1/3：a (one) third, 1/4：a quarter2/5：two fifths, 3/4：three quarters注意：表示“某一整體的幾分之幾”，使用：分?jǐn)?shù)+of+the+名詞。She spent one third of

13、her salaries yesterday.她昨天花去了薪水的三分之一。One half of the students are foreigners.一半的學(xué)生是外國(guó)人。(2)小數(shù)表示法小數(shù)只能用基數(shù)詞表示。其中小數(shù)點(diǎn)讀作point，零讀作zero(或0)；小數(shù)點(diǎn)之后按數(shù)字依次讀出；整數(shù)部分為零時(shí)，可以省略不讀。0.9：zero point nine 或 point nine3.58：three point five eight(3)百分?jǐn)?shù)表示法%讀作per cent 18%：eighteen per cent1. About _ (four fifths; four fifth) of

14、the books in our school library _ (is; are) written in Chinese. 2. The boy always stays there for _ (one and a half hour; one and a half hours).3. At the age of _ (thirty; thirtieth), he had his own lab. 4. _ (Two sons their; Their two sons) are in the army.5. _ (Two-fifth; Two-fifths) of the land i

15、n that district _ (is; are) covered with trees and grass.6. Now let me have _ (the third try; a third try). 7. February 28 should be read as _ (February of the 28th ; the 28th of February). 8. Im _ (the taller; taller) of the two boys. 9. Lucy lives on the _(nineth; ninth) floor. She lives _ (two; s

16、econd )floors above me.10. Do you think there is any room for us _( two; the two )?11. The accident happened on _ (nine days of March; the ninth of March ).易混淆點(diǎn)講解1. 兩組與數(shù)詞有關(guān)的介詞短語(yǔ)：(1) in +定冠詞the +數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示年代。20 世紀(jì)七十年代 ：(2) in +物主代詞+數(shù)詞的數(shù)形式，表示某人的年齡。in ones thirties 在某人三十多歲的時(shí)候有時(shí)在物主代詞后面可加上形容詞early 或late

17、使其含義更確切一些。The young man is in his early thirties.2. 數(shù)詞前加every，表達(dá)“每一段時(shí)間或每隔一段”Every 基數(shù)詞名詞復(fù)數(shù) 表示：每.Every 序數(shù)詞名詞單數(shù) 表示：每隔. every ten days 每10天/每隔9天 every ninth day3.數(shù)詞(many,some several)+hundred / thousand / million / billion+名詞復(fù)數(shù)hundred / thousands / millions / billions +of+名詞復(fù)數(shù) (thousand）of visitors have

18、 come to Beijing in the last two months.There are two (thousand） students in our class.4. 數(shù)詞和冠詞的關(guān)系a. 序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞the,當(dāng)序數(shù)詞前有指示代詞，物主代詞或every時(shí)the省略, 當(dāng)序數(shù)詞為表達(dá)名次的名詞時(shí)，不和定冠詞連用；但基數(shù)詞前不加冠詞。Sunday is the first day of a week.Lily came second in the race.This is my third time to come here*b. a / an+序數(shù)詞，表示“又一、再一”。He

19、failed twice, but he tried it a third time.c. of the +數(shù)詞，表示“范圍”。She is the most beautiful girl of the three.Jim is the taller of the two.5.與another和more 連用時(shí)，表示在已有的基礎(chǔ)上再加一定數(shù)量；其結(jié)構(gòu)為：another+基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞+moreI need another ten daysI need days6.基數(shù)詞單數(shù)名詞用構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞，作定語(yǔ)。用于表時(shí)間和距離等如; a onehundred meter race;注：基數(shù)詞單數(shù)名詞可

20、以轉(zhuǎn)換成名詞所有格a onehundred meter race=one hundred metersrace7.幾個(gè)半的表示基數(shù)詞and a half+名詞復(fù)數(shù)=基數(shù)詞+名詞（復(fù)數(shù)）and a halfTwo and a half hours1. Peter, how old is your father this year? _. And we just had a party for his _ birthday last weekend.A. Fortieth; forty B. Forty; forty C. Forty; fortieth D. Fortieth; fortieth

21、2. Shanghai has opened its _ TV channel (頻道) that sends programs in foreign languages. Great! I can improve my English over it.A. first B. a first C. the first3. Whats the matter, Kangkang? Oh, I feel sorry to hear more than _ people lost their lives in the earthquake (地震) in Sichuan.A. sixty thousa

22、nds of B. sixty thousandC. sixty thousand of D. thousand of4. The important sports festival, the Olympic Games, _ held every _ years.A. is; five B. are; there C. is; four D. are; two 5. Excuse me, how many students are there in your art club? There are _.A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelfth6. Tim has

23、 tried twice, and his father asks him to have _ third try. A. the B. a C. another D. /7. If a=3, b=4, whats the answer to the question a+2ab+1=? _. A. Twenty-eighth B. Twenty-eight C. Thirteen D. Eighteen8. What class are you in? Im in _. A. Grade 9 B. Class 9 C. Group 9 D. No. 99. Come and see me i

24、n _. With pleasure. Thats what Im expecting. A. two or three days B. two or three days timeC. two or three days time D. two or three days10. Dick, it is the _ time in _ days that youve made the same mistake. A. two; three B. second; three C. two; third D. second; third11. Do you know when Christmas

25、Day is? Its on _. A. December 24th B. January 1st C. December 25th D. October 1st12. I went to college in _ and began to work in _. A. the 1980s; twenty B. the 1980s; my twentiesC. 1980; my twenty D. 1980s; my twentieth13. I was born _. A. in Oct. 8, 1969 B. in 1969, Oct. 8 C. on Oct. 8, 1969 D. on

26、1969, Oct. 814. _ tigers in that forest are in danger. Now only _ the tigers are protected. A. Hundreds of; three-fourths of B. Hundreds; three-fourths C. Hundreds of; three-fourths D. Hundred of; three-fourths of15. Everyone knows that Hainan Island is the _ largest island in China. A. first B. sec

27、ond C. third D. fourth16. Whats one sixth and a half? Its _. A. one twelfth B. four sixth C. two thirds D. one third17. The Olympic Games are held _. A. every four years B. every four year C. every fourth years D. every four-years18. He is _ in our class. A. the fourth tallest B. fourth tallest C. f

28、our tallest D. the four tallest19. The river is more than _. A. twenty metre wide B. twenty metres wide C. twenty metre of wide D. wide of twenty metre20. The low temperature will be minus 5. The underlined part means _. A. 5 B. -5 C. 0.5 D. 521. Where is the head teacher? Maybe he is in _.A. Two Ro

29、om B. the Two Room C. Rooms two D. Room Two22. About _ of the workers in the factory were born in the _.A. two-thirds; 1970B. two-thirds; 1970sC. two-third; 1970 D. two-third; 1970s23. So far, doctors have saved _ peoples lives in the quake-hit area. A. thousands of B. thousand C. thousand of24. The work is too difficult for Mr Zhu to finish in