高中英語常用詞匯辨析

1、 演講稿 工作總結(jié) 調(diào)研報(bào)告 講話稿 事跡材料 心得體會(huì) 策劃方案高中英語常用詞匯辨析高中英語常用詞匯辨析1. clothes, cloth, clothingClothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)：cloth指布，為不可數(shù)動(dòng)詞：clothing為服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of clothing, an article of clothing2. incident, accidentIncident指小事件：accident指不幸的事故3. amount, numberAmount后接不可數(shù)名詞：number后接可數(shù)名次：如：a number of students4.

2、family, house, homeHone家，包括住處和家人：house房子，住宅：family家庭成員，如：My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound自然界各種各樣的聲音：voice人的嗓音：noise噪音，如:I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingPhoto用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片：picture可指相片，圖片，電影片：drawing指畫的畫7. vocabulary, wordVocabulary詞匯，一個(gè)人擁有的單詞量：word具體的單詞8. popul

3、ation, peoplePopulation人口，人數(shù)：people具體的人9. weather, climateWeather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況：climate長(zhǎng)期的氣候狀況10. road, street, path, wayroad具體的公路，馬路：street街道：path小路，小徑：way道路，途徑11. course, subjectCourse課程（可包括多門科目）：subject科目（具體的學(xué)科），如: a summer course12. course, habitcustom傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接to do: habit生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接of do

4、ing13. cause, reasoncause制造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth.: reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. 如：the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practiceExercise運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉（不可數(shù)）：exercises練習(xí)（可數(shù)）：practice(反復(fù)做的)練習(xí)，如：Practice makes perfect.15. class, lesson作“課”解時(shí)，兩者可以替換。指課文用lesson,指班級(jí)或全體學(xué)生用class,

5、如：lesson 6; class 516. speech, talk, lectureSpeech指在公共場(chǎng)所所作的經(jīng)過準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說：talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話：lecture學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課，如：a series of lecture on17. officer, officialOfficer部隊(duì)的軍官：official政府官員，如：an army officer18. work, job二者均指工作。Work不可數(shù);job可數(shù)，如：a good job19. couple, pairCouple主要指人或動(dòng)物：pair多指由兩部分組成的東西，如：a pair of t

6、rousers20. country, nation, state, landCountry側(cè)重指版圖，疆域：nation指人民，國(guó)民，民族：state側(cè)重指政府，政體;land國(guó)土，國(guó)家21. cook, cookercook廚師：cooker廚具，如：He is a good cook.22. damage, damagesDamage不可數(shù)名詞，損害，損失；damages復(fù)數(shù)形式，賠償金23. police policemanpolice警察的總稱，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞：policeman指某個(gè)具體的警察24. problem, questionProblem常和困難練系，前面的動(dòng)詞常為th

7、ink about, solve, raise: question常和疑問連系，多和ask, answer連用25. man, a manMan人類：a man一個(gè)男人26. chick, chicken二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當(dāng)雞肉。27. telegram, telegraph當(dāng)電報(bào)解時(shí)，telegram指具體的，telegraph指抽象的，如：a telegram , by telegraph28. trip, journey, travel, voyageTravel是最常用的；trip指短期的旅途;journey指稍長(zhǎng)的旅途；voyage指海上航行；如：a three-d

8、ay trip29. sport, gameSport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動(dòng)，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等；game指決定勝負(fù)的游戲，通常由一套規(guī)則30. price, prizePrice價(jià)格；prize獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金31. a number of, the number ofA number of許多，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；the number of指“的數(shù)目”，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。32. in front of, in the front ofIn front of范圍外的前面；in the front of范圍內(nèi)的前面，如：In the front of the room sits a boy.

9、33. of the day, of a dayOf the day每一天的，當(dāng)時(shí)的，當(dāng)代的；of a day暫時(shí)的，不長(zhǎng)久的34. three of us, the three of usThree of us我們（不止三個(gè)）中的三個(gè)；the three of us我們?nèi)齻€(gè)（就三個(gè)人）35. by bus, on the busBy bus表手段，方式，不用冠詞；on the bus表范圍36. for a moment, for the momentFor a moment片刻，一會(huì)兒；for the moment暫時(shí)，一時(shí)37. next year, the next yearNext

10、year將來時(shí)間狀語；the next year過去將來時(shí)間狀語38. more than a year, more than one yearMore than a year一年多；more than one year超過一年（兩年或三年等）39. take advice, take the (ones) adviceTake advice征求意見；take the advice接受忠告40. take air, take the airTake air傳播，走漏；take the air到戶外去，散步41. in a word, in wordsIn a word總之，一句話；in wor

11、ds口頭上，如：In a word, you are right42. in place of, in the place ofIn place of代替；in the place of在地方43. in secret, in the secretIn secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般作狀語；in the secret知道內(nèi)情，知道秘密，一般用作表語44. a girl, one girlA girl可泛指所有女孩；one girl一個(gè)女孩45. take a chair, take the chairTake a chair相當(dāng)于sit down坐下；take the chair開始

12、開會(huì)46. go to sea, by sea, by the seaGo to sea當(dāng)海員，出航；by sea乘船，由海路；by the sea在海邊；如：go by sea47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacherthe doctor and teacher指一個(gè)人，既是醫(yī)生又是老師； the doctor and the teacher兩個(gè)人，一個(gè)醫(yī)生和一個(gè)老師48. in office, in the officeIn office在職的；in the office在辦公室里，如：He is in office, no

13、t out of office49. in bed, on the bedIn bed臥在床上；on the bed在床上50. in charge of, in the charge ofIn charge of管理，負(fù)責(zé)照料；in the charge of由照料51. in class, in the classIn class在上課；in the class在班級(jí)里52. on fire, on the fireOn fire著火；on the fire在火上53. out of question, out of the questionOut of question毫無疑問的；out

14、 of the question不可能的54. a second, the secondA second又一，再一；the second第二55. by day, by the dayBy day白天；by the day按天計(jì)算56. the people, a peopleThe people指人；a people指民族57. it, oneIt同一物體；one同類不同一58. that, thisThat指代上文所提到的；this導(dǎo)出下文所要說的59. none, nothing, no oneNone強(qiáng)調(diào)有多少；nothing，no one強(qiáng)調(diào)有沒有，nothing指物，no one指

15、人；如：A : how many/how much？ B : none60. anyone, any oneAnyone指人，不能接of ;any one指人物均可，可接of,如：any one of you61. who, whichWho指姓名或關(guān)系；what指職業(yè)或地位，如：What is your dad? He is a teacher.62. what, whichwhat的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無限的；which在一定范圍進(jìn)行選擇63. other, anotherOther后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)；another后接名詞單數(shù)；如：other student, another student64. no

16、t a little, not a bitNot a little非常not a bit一點(diǎn)也不65. many, much, a lot ofMany和可數(shù)名詞連用；much和不可數(shù)名詞連用；a lot of可數(shù)、不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句66. much morethan, many morethanMuch morethan后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞；many morethan后接可數(shù)名詞；如：many more people, much more water, much more beautiful67. no, notNo=not a/any; 如：no friend=not a/any

17、 friend; no water =not any water68. no more than, not more than No more than相當(dāng)于only,僅僅，只有；not more than至多，不超過69. majority, mostMajority只能修飾可數(shù)名詞；most可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可；如：the majority of people70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneselfBy oneself單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的；for oneself為自己；to oneself供自己用的71. at all, after all

18、At all根本，全然；after all 到底，畢竟72. tall, highTall常指人或動(dòng)物；high常指物體73. fast, quicklyFast側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快的特點(diǎn)；quickly側(cè)重于指某事完成或發(fā)生得快；如：run fast, answer the question quickly74. high, highlyHigh具體的高；highly抽象的高，高度的；如：think highly of75. healthy, healthfulhealthy健康的，健壯的；healthful有益于健康的，如：healthful exercise76. sleepi

19、ng, asleep, sleepySleeping正在睡覺；asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語；sleepy困的，有睡意的；如：a sleeping baby, the baby is asleep, Im sleepy77. gold, goldenGold指真金制品，如：a gold ring : golden只金色的，但金魚用gold fish78. most, mostlyMost用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于very,當(dāng)“大部分，大多數(shù)”解時(shí)是形容詞或名詞；mostly大部分，是副詞；如：most people, the people are mostly79. just, very

20、just表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是副詞，作狀語；very表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是形容詞，用作定語；如：the very man, just the man80. wide, broadWide側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離；broad側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣；如：broad shoulders81. real, truereal真的，真實(shí)的，指的是事實(shí)上存在而不是想象的；true真的，真正的，指的是事實(shí)和實(shí)際情況相符合；如：real gold, a true story82. respectful, respectablerespectful尊敬，有禮貌；respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的；如：be respectful to t

21、he aged83. outwards, outward二者均可用作副詞，表示向外，外面，outward還可用作形容詞，如：an outward voyage84. pleasant, pleased, pleasingpleasant常用作定語；pleased, pleasing常用作表語，pleased主語常為人，pleasing主語常為物；如：an pleasant trip, The trip is pleasing85. understanding, understandableunderstanding明白事理的，能體諒的：understandable可理解的，能夠懂的；如：an

22、understanding girl, an understandable mistake86. close, closelyclose接近，靠近；closely緊緊地，緊密的；如：closely connected, stand close87. ill, sickIll作表語；sick定語、表語均可，如：a sick boy88. good, wellGood形容詞；well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞，如：He is well again89. quiet, silent, stillquiet安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音；silent不發(fā)出聲，但可以動(dòng)；still完全不動(dòng)，完全無聲響90. hard, hardlyHard努力；hardly幾乎不91. able, capableAble與不定式to do連用；capable與of連用92. almost, nearly而致君為“幾乎，差不多”，和否定詞連用時(shí)用almost，如：almost nobody93. lat