專(zhuān)四之虛擬語(yǔ)氣匯編

1、 九大?？颊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：九大?？颊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)： 1. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 2. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 3. 定語(yǔ)從句 4. 狀語(yǔ)從句 5. 名詞性從句（定語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句） 6. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 7. 反義疑問(wèn)句 8. 時(shí)態(tài) 9. 一些特定功能詞匯的用法（much, more, such, anything but, enough等） 虛擬語(yǔ)氣概要：虛擬語(yǔ)氣概要： 現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中有三種語(yǔ)氣：現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中有三種語(yǔ)氣： 1.陳述語(yǔ)氣（indicative mood） 2.祈使語(yǔ)氣（imperative mood） 3.虛擬語(yǔ)氣（subjunctive mood） 4 A. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣概要：虛擬語(yǔ)氣概要： 專(zhuān)業(yè)四級(jí)考試語(yǔ)法與詞匯部分

2、（除2001年外）每 年至少有一道相關(guān)試題涉及虛擬語(yǔ)氣，平均下 來(lái)達(dá)到每年2題，總計(jì)有30題。 年年92939495969798990001020304050607 合計(jì)合計(jì) 題數(shù)題數(shù)322112121/21334230 虛擬條件句結(jié)構(gòu)表虛擬條件句結(jié)構(gòu)表 7 在敘述與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的情況時(shí)，需要使用虛擬語(yǔ) 氣。條件狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般結(jié)構(gòu)為：一般過(guò) 去式，werewas十不定式，或should動(dòng)詞原 形。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用wouldshould十動(dòng)詞 原形。 8 If she were to marry Jack, she would be happy If it should rain ag

3、ain, what else could I do？ If it snowed tomorrow, I shouldwould stay at home. 11 例2：If your car _ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer. （199843） A. shall need B. should need C. would needD. will need 12 例2：I _ writing the paper as scheduled, but my mothers illnes

4、s interfered. I hope you will excuse me。（199354） A. am to have finished B. was to have finished C. was to finish D. ought to finish 13 1.2與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： 在描述與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的非真實(shí)條件句中，需要 使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。條件從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用had 過(guò)去分詞，結(jié)果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should（第 一人稱(chēng)）或would（第二、三人稱(chēng)）have 過(guò)去分詞; 17 省略連詞省略連詞if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 1. be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)

5、詞were提到從句主語(yǔ)的前面。提到從句主語(yǔ)的前面。 Were I you, I would take an umbrella with me. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened，should there be a sudden loud noise. 18 2動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞should / had提到從句主語(yǔ)的前面。提到從句主語(yǔ)的前面。 Should I have time, I would call her。 Had I known it, I have told you Had the damag

6、e been worse，the insurance company would have paid more。 19 真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析 例1: _ you were busy, I wouldnt have bothered you with my questions.（1994-62） A. if I realizedB. Had I realized C. I realized that D. As I realized 24 真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析 例5: _ you _ further problems with your printer, contact your

7、 dealer for advice. （200563） A. If, had B. Have, had C. Should, have D. in case, had 25 1: _ right now, she would get there on Sunday A. Would she leaveB. If she leaves C. Were she to leaveD. If she had left? 26 2: _ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party A.

8、 Had they arrivedB. Would they arrive C. Were they arrivingD. Were they to arrive 27 【補(bǔ)充】混合虛擬式，或交錯(cuò)虛擬式：有時(shí)，從句 的動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作 不一致，這時(shí)就要使用混合虛擬式。 * If I had taken my raincoat when I came out this morning, I would not be wet now. * If I were you, I wouldnt have missed the film last night. 以lest, in

9、case, for fear that（以免）引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ) 從句。如： * You should exercise vigilance lest you should be killed. * Take your coat in case it（should）rain 用用“（should）+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣 的結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu) 44 2.3-“It is (high, about, the) time.” 在句型“It is (high, about, the) time”虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用過(guò)去式，指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情 況，表示“早該做某事而已經(jīng)有些晚了”。 45

10、 “It is (high, about, the) time.”中的虛擬中的虛擬 語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)氣 Its the time the children learned how to behave properly. Its about time people took notice of what women did during the war. 46 真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析 例1：-“What courses are you going to do next semester?” -“I dont know. But its about time _ on something.”（2002

11、51） A. Id decide B. I decided C. I decide D. Im deciding 47 真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析 例2：If you have really been studying English for so long, its about time you _ able to write letters in English.（199949） A. could be B. were C. must be D. are 48 例3：That was not the first time he _ us. I think its high time we

12、 _ strong actions against him. (200560) A. betrayedtake B. had betrayedtook C. has betrayedtook D. has betrayedtake 49 例4：Its high time we _ cutting down the rainforests. （2006. 54） A. stopped B. had to stop C. shall stopD. stop 61 Though, if, even if, even though, whatever, however, granted that 等連

13、接代詞或副詞引導(dǎo) 的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中可以使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，但是主 句一般用直陳語(yǔ)氣。 62 However dangerous it might be, I would have a try. We wont change our plan even if the rumor be true. Though everyone desert you, I will not 63 真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析 例1：Much as _, I couldnt lend him the money because I simply didnt have that much spare cash。 （199952） A.