主謂一致-課件[共22頁]

1、1 2 3 1. 由由and 連接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出現(xiàn)。連接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出現(xiàn)。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (那個工人兼作家那個工人兼作家) (比較：比較：The worker and the writer are from Beijing. 那位工人和那那位工人和那 位作家位作家) Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. 2. Every and (every), each and (each , no and (no) , many a an

2、d (many a)連接兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語。連接兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語。 Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake. 3. one/every one /each/either/ the number+of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語。復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語。 Each of the students has a book. 4 4. clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等無生命

3、的集合名詞作主語。等無生命的集合名詞作主語。 Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. 5. 以以s 結(jié)尾的詞，但表示學(xué)科、國家、機(jī)構(gòu)、書籍、報刊等名稱作結(jié)尾的詞，但表示學(xué)科、國家、機(jī)構(gòu)、書籍、報刊等名稱作 主語。主語。 Maths is one of my favourite subjects. 6. 表示時間、距離、金錢等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，表達(dá)一個整體概念時。表示時間、距離、金錢等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，表達(dá)一個整體概念時。 Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown. 7. 由由every

4、-,any-,some-,no-和和-one,-thing,-body等所構(gòu)成的不定代詞等所構(gòu)成的不定代詞 作主語。作主語。 Is everyone here today? 8. 非謂語動詞、名詞性從句作主語。非謂語動詞、名詞性從句作主語。 Collecting stamps is what he likes. Whatever was left was taken away. 9. 單數(shù)名詞、抽象名詞、物質(zhì)名詞作主語。單數(shù)名詞、抽象名詞、物質(zhì)名詞作主語。 5 1. 由由and 連接的兩個并列成分表示兩個不同的概念。連接的兩個并列成分表示兩個不同的概念。 Both bread and butt

5、er are sold out. 2. people , police, cattle 等有生命的集體名詞作主語。等有生命的集體名詞作主語。 The police are looking for the missing child. 3. goods, stairs, arms 等名詞作主語。等名詞作主語。 The goods were sold out. 4. 由山脈、群島、瀑布、運(yùn)動會等由山脈、群島、瀑布、運(yùn)動會等s 結(jié)尾的專有名詞作主語。結(jié)尾的專有名詞作主語。 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. 5. a number of

6、 /quantities of /a group of +名詞作主語。名詞作主語。 A number of students are reading books in the classroom. 6 1. 集體名詞集體名詞class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, majority, group等作主等作主 語。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)，指個個成員用復(fù)數(shù)。語。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)，指個個成員用復(fù)數(shù)。 His family is a great on

7、e. His family are music lovers. 2. means, works, pains等詞，根據(jù)主語表達(dá)的概念而定。等詞，根據(jù)主語表達(dá)的概念而定。 The steel works is near the station. Two new steel works are being built. 7 3. 作主語，以這些名詞本身的單作主語，以這些名詞本身的單 復(fù)數(shù)而定。復(fù)數(shù)而定。 The kind of paper is made of straw. Some kinds of animals are dying out. 4. all, none, some, any 等

8、不定代詞作主語，根據(jù)其指代的內(nèi)容等不定代詞作主語，根據(jù)其指代的內(nèi)容 而定。而定。 All are present . All the food tastes good. 5. 作主語作主語: 謂語動詞要和謂語動詞要和 of 之后的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。之后的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。 Two thirds of the students are girls in our class. Two thirds of building was painted. 8 Not only he but also I am invited. Neither my gloves nor my hat goes wit

9、h the dress. 置置 于主語后，謂語動詞一般仍和前面的名詞在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。于主語后，謂語動詞一般仍和前面的名詞在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。 The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom. 9 在there be 表存在的句式中，主語是兩個或多個名詞（短語） 的并列時，be 的形式與最前邊的一個名詞（短語）一致。如： There is a pen, two knives and several books on the table. There are two knives, a pen and several book

10、s on the table.桌子上有一支鋼筆、兩把小刀和幾本書。 副詞或介詞短語在句首的倒裝句中，必須認(rèn)準(zhǔn)哪是主語。如： Between the two buildings stands a monument. 兩幢樓之間 聳立著一塊紀(jì)念碑。 On the ship were over 2,200 people. More than 1,500 people lost their lives. Among those was the young woman. 船上有2,2001人, 1,500多人喪生，這位年輕婦女也在其中。 10 We Chinese _ a hard-working pe

11、ople Ais Bare Cis being Dare being 此題應(yīng)選此題應(yīng)選 。這里應(yīng)注意的是：我們通常說的是主謂一致（即這里應(yīng)注意的是：我們通常說的是主謂一致（即 謂語與主語保持一致），而不是表謂一致（即不是謂語與表語一謂語與主語保持一致），而不是表謂一致（即不是謂語與表語一 致），本題意為：我們中國人是一個勤勞的民族。致），本題意為：我們中國人是一個勤勞的民族。 These two dictionaries are a present for my best friend Jim The planets were the object of his study The most

12、important thing I need is books The countrys leading export is watches The best part of the meal is the coffee and cookies 11 1His family _ a small one 2His family _ fat and short Ais，is Bare，are Cis，are Dare，is 此題應(yīng)選此題應(yīng)選 。family是一個集合名詞，具有單數(shù)是一個集合名詞，具有單數(shù)(側(cè)重指整體側(cè)重指整體)和和 復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重指個體側(cè)重指個體)兩種可能。類似這種用法的詞主要的有

13、：兩種可能。類似這種用法的詞主要的有： team(隊，隊員隊，隊員)，class(班，班上的全體學(xué)生班，班上的全體學(xué)生)，crowd(人群人群)， government(政府政府)，crew(乘務(wù)員乘務(wù)員)，committee(委員會，委員們委員會，委員們)， audience(聽眾聽眾)等：等： This class consists of 45 students. Mr Green teaches it 這個班這個班45個學(xué)生，由格林先生教。個學(xué)生，由格林先生教。 This class are all diligent. Mr Green teaches them. 這個班的學(xué)生都很用功，

14、由格林先生教。這個班的學(xué)生都很用功，由格林先生教。 12 It was late, but the audience was increasing. 時間很遲了，但聽眾人數(shù)卻在增加。時間很遲了，但聽眾人數(shù)卻在增加。 The audience were all moved to tears. 聽眾都感動得流了淚。聽眾都感動得流了淚。 The team is the best in the league這個隊在聯(lián)賽中打得最好。這個隊在聯(lián)賽中打得最好。 The football team are having baths足球隊隊員們在洗澡。足球隊隊員們在洗澡。 但是并不是所有的集合名詞都具有以上兩種

15、用法：但是并不是所有的集合名詞都具有以上兩種用法： 1. 有的集合名詞總是用作單數(shù)有的集合名詞總是用作單數(shù)(不可數(shù)不可數(shù))：clothing 衣服，衣服，poetry 詩歌，詩歌，baggageluggage 行李，行李，furniture家俱，家俱，machinery 機(jī)機(jī) 械，械，scenery 景色，景色，jewellery珠寶等。珠寶等。 2. 有的集合名詞總是表示復(fù)數(shù)意義有的集合名詞總是表示復(fù)數(shù)意義(但不用復(fù)數(shù)形式但不用復(fù)數(shù)形式)：people人，人， police警察，警察，cattle牲口等。牲口等。 13 但是有些主語由于本身具有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種可能，它的但是有些主語由于本身具有

16、單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種可能，它的 謂語到底用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，要看具體的語境（多數(shù)情況是看謂語到底用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，要看具體的語境（多數(shù)情況是看 其后面詞語的單復(fù)數(shù)），例如：其后面詞語的單復(fù)數(shù)），例如： Who is your brother？誰是你的兄弟？誰是你的兄弟？ Who are your brothers？哪些是你的兄弟？哪些是你的兄弟？ What he said is quite correct他所說的完全正確。他所說的完全正確。 What he left me are only a few old books他給我留下的只是他給我留下的只是 幾本舊書。幾本舊書。 14 曉玲說小朋友曉玲說小朋友

17、“我給你一個笑容，你就還我一個笑容我給你一個笑容，你就還我一個笑容”，確實(shí)如此，他們的，確實(shí)如此，他們的 心靈純潔無瑕，沒有利害得失，是最明亮的鏡子，把我們給予他們的熱情全心靈純潔無瑕，沒有利害得失，是最明亮的鏡子，把我們給予他們的熱情全 都毫無保留的加以十倍、百倍的回獻(xiàn)給我們。都毫無保留的加以十倍、百倍的回獻(xiàn)給我們。 如今是正式下鄉(xiāng)的第二天，但是我們與他們，已經(jīng)有了不可斷裂的羈絆。心如今是正式下鄉(xiāng)的第二天，但是我們與他們，已經(jīng)有了不可斷裂的羈絆。心 與心的交流，眼與眼的交匯。剛開始對于鏡頭、手機(jī)他們會躲閃、會畏懼，與心的交流，眼與眼的交匯。剛開始對于鏡頭、手機(jī)他們會躲閃、會畏懼， 躲在他人的

18、身后或者干脆直接跑開，不肯讓我們拍，可是相處久了以后，我躲在他人的身后或者干脆直接跑開，不肯讓我們拍，可是相處久了以后，我 們開始融入他們的中間，鏡頭下的他們，笑容開始變得自然而燦爛，甚至有們開始融入他們的中間，鏡頭下的他們，笑容開始變得自然而燦爛，甚至有 的小朋友會主動湊上跟前，和自己的小伙伴或者和我們隊里的某個人一同合的小朋友會主動湊上跟前，和自己的小伙伴或者和我們隊里的某個人一同合 影。影。 這個轉(zhuǎn)變讓我們很驚喜。這個轉(zhuǎn)變讓我們很驚喜。 因為我們感覺我們是這群小孩子中的一員了。因為我們感覺我們是這群小孩子中的一員了。 今天上書法課，原本準(zhǔn)備的時候有些緊張，很怕自己表現(xiàn)得不好。然而等到今天

19、上書法課，原本準(zhǔn)備的時候有些緊張，很怕自己表現(xiàn)得不好。然而等到 站到講臺上，看著他們懵懂而好奇的眼光，我突然有了力量，滔滔不絕、手站到講臺上，看著他們懵懂而好奇的眼光，我突然有了力量，滔滔不絕、手 舞足蹈起來，流暢得讓我自己都不敢相信。他們會驚嘆、會回應(yīng)、會提問，舞足蹈起來，流暢得讓我自己都不敢相信。他們會驚嘆、會回應(yīng)、會提問， 讓你覺得自己所教授的每一個知識都有著莫大的魅力。雖然期間有個別小朋讓你覺得自己所教授的每一個知識都有著莫大的魅力。雖然期間有個別小朋 友沒有配合，看起來漫不經(jīng)心，但只要你耐心、不放棄，他們感受到了你的友沒有配合，看起來漫不經(jīng)心，但只要你耐心、不放棄，他們感受到了你的

20、真誠，在后面就會認(rèn)真起來。就像練字環(huán)節(jié)的時候真誠，在后面就會認(rèn)真起來。就像練字環(huán)節(jié)的時候 1. You or he _ to blame你或他有一人要受責(zé)備。你或他有一人要受責(zé)備。 2. _ you or he to blame? 受責(zé)備的是你還是他？受責(zé)備的是你還是他？ Ais，Is Bare，Are Cis，Are D are，Is 在通常情況下，兩個并列主語由在通常情況下，兩個并列主語由or，eitheror，neithernor， notbut，not onlybut（also）等連接時，其謂語通常與第二個等連接時，其謂語通常與第二個 主語（即臨近的一個主語）保持一致，但是，在疑問句中

21、則通常與主語（即臨近的一個主語）保持一致，但是，在疑問句中則通常與 第一個主語（即臨近的一個主語）保持一致。第一個主語（即臨近的一個主語）保持一致。 15 1One or two days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe 2Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais Bare Cam Dbe 3Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examinati

22、on after another Ais Bare Cam Dbe 4Not the teacher，but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam Dbe 16 A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift Ais offered Bhas offered Care offered Dhave offered 用連詞用連詞and連接的兩個并列主語，其謂語要用復(fù)數(shù)，但是若主連接的兩個并列主語，其謂語要用復(fù)數(shù)，但是若主 語跟有語跟有wi

23、th, like, but, except, besides, including, together with, along with, as well as, more than, no less than, rather than等連接的另一個等連接的另一個 名詞，其謂語通常要與前面一個主語保持一致。名詞，其謂語通常要與前面一個主語保持一致。 17 1Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been 2A woman with some children _ soon

24、Ais coming Bare coming Chas come Dhave come 3No one except my parents _ anything about this。 Aknow Bknows Cis known Dare known 4The teacher as well as the students _ the book already Ahas read Bhave read Care reading Dis reading 5All but one _ in the accident Awas killed Bwere killed Cwill be killed

25、 Dare killed 18 6. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 7. A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 8. When and where to build the new factory _ yet.

26、 A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided 9. The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 10. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.

27、 A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 11. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are 19 主謂一致精練與解析 1.More than one person here _ with the disease. A. has been infected B. have been infected C. h

28、as been infecting D. have been infecting 由more than one 修飾單數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù) 又如：More than one man was injured in the accident. More than one house has been repaired. 2. One or perhaps more pages _ missing. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been 由or連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)與靠近它的 主語一致。 又如：Are you or he to dri

29、ve ? Was she or you there ? 20 3.An expert, together with some assistants, _ to help in this work. A. was sent B. were sent C. is sending D. are sending 由 with，together with，along with，rather than，no less than ， but， besides，except等連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語 動詞應(yīng)與前一個相一致。 又如：Nobody but John and Helen was absent. I, rather than you, am responsible for the accident. 4.The police _ the black in winter. A. wears B. wear C. put on D. puts on 英語中，一些表示總稱意義的名詞，如：police，people， cattle等作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。 又如：Some people spend a lot of money on clothes. Cattle are raised everywhe