定語從句課件

1、Section A Grammar Focus stick to depend on be down cheer sb. up have a happy ending try ones best solve problems 遵守；堅持遵守；堅持 隨隨而定而定 心情低落心情低落 使某人提起精神；使某人使某人提起精神；使某人 振奮振奮 有個美滿的結(jié)局有個美滿的結(jié)局 盡某人全力；竭盡全能盡某人全力；竭盡全能 解決問題；破解難題解決問題；破解難題 Translate the phrases. seem less serious feel much better provide information

2、 plenty of think too much too tired to do sth. shut off ones brain sit back in time once in a while 看上去沒那么嚴(yán)重看上去沒那么嚴(yán)重 感覺好多了感覺好多了 提供信息；提供資料提供信息；提供資料 大量；充足大量；充足 想太多；考慮許多想太多；考慮許多 太累而不能做太累而不能做 大腦不想事情大腦不想事情 休息休息; 什么也不做什么也不做 及時及時 偶爾地；間或偶爾地；間或 Enjoy a song Thats Why You Go Away. Baby wont you tell me why th

3、ere is sadness in your eyes I dont wanna say goodbye to you Love is one big illusion I should try to forget but there is something left in my head Youre the one who set it up now youre the one to make it stop Im the one whos feeling lost right now Now you want me to forget every little thing you sai

4、d but there is something left in my head I wont forget the way youre kissing The feelings so strong were lasting for so long But Im not the man your heart is missing Thats why you go away I know What kind of music do you like? I like music that I can sing along with. Rosa likes music thats quiet and

5、 slow. I love singers who write their own music. We prefer music that has great lyrics. What kind of movies do you like? I only like movies that are funny. I prefer movies that give me something to think about. I prefer movies that can cheer me up. Documentaries like March of the Penguins which prov

6、ide plenty of information about a certain subject can be interesting. I like to watch movies that are scary. 什么是定語？什么是定語？ 定語是對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用定語是對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用 的單詞、短語或句子，漢語中常用的單詞、短語或句子，漢語中常用 “的的”表示。表示。單詞作定語一般前置單詞作定語一般前置, , 句子或短語作定語則必須后置句子或短語作定語則必須后置. .句子作定語句子作定語 則叫定語從句則叫定語從句. . a a blueblue sea sea a a

7、 handsomehandsome boy boy 什么是定語什么是定語？ I like the girl. I like the girl. I like the girl I like the girl I like the girl I like the girl with long hair 15-year-old beautiful called Liu Jinfeng living in Xinsheng who likes blue 概念：概念： 在復(fù)合句中，在復(fù)合句中，充當(dāng)定語的句子充當(dāng)定語的句子叫定叫定 語從句。語從句。 什么是定語從句呢？什么是定語從句呢？ Look at

8、the photos which I took on my trip. Attributive clause 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 which為引導(dǎo)詞，在從句中代替為引導(dǎo)詞，在從句中代替photos 先行詞先行詞 that that My dad has a friend that is good at English. Attributive clause 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 that為引導(dǎo)詞，在從句中代替為引導(dǎo)詞，在從句中代替friend. 先行詞先行詞 定語從句定語從句 1. 定義定義：修飾名詞或代詞的從句：修飾名詞或代詞的從句 I like the girl who has long hai

9、r. I bought a pen that is black. 被修飾的名詞或代詞叫被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞先行詞 定語從句在句中作定語定語從句在句中作定語, 用來修飾某個名詞用來修飾某個名詞 或代詞或代詞, 這個名詞或代詞叫這個名詞或代詞叫先行詞先行詞, 而定語從而定語從 句位于先行詞的后面。句位于先行詞的后面。 用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫做用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫做關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞。 關(guān)系詞分關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系詞分關(guān)系代詞(that, which, who, whom, whose)和關(guān)系副詞和關(guān)系副詞(when, where, why)。 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語

10、從句關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句, 指代先行詞指代先行詞, 并在并在 從句中作一定成分從句中作一定成分, 如作主語、賓語或如作主語、賓語或 狀語等。狀語等。 用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有that, which, who, whom, whose。 本單元我們重點講解本單元我們重點講解that, who和和which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句。引導(dǎo)的定語從句。 定語從句 Join the following sentences: 1. A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly. A plane is can

11、 fly. a machinethe machine a machine that /which 關(guān)系代詞實際上是先行詞的復(fù)指關(guān)系代詞實際上是先行詞的復(fù)指 ,that/which代指先行詞代指先行詞machine。 2. The girl is Mary. We saw her 2. The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.yesterday. The girl is The girl is Mary.Mary. The girl is The girl is Mary.Mary. we saw her yesterday who/that we saw

12、yesterday 關(guān)系代詞實際上是先行詞的復(fù)指，關(guān)系代詞實際上是先行詞的復(fù)指， who/that代指先行詞代指先行詞the girl。 that引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句 that引導(dǎo)定語從句時引導(dǎo)定語從句時, 既可以指人既可以指人, 也也 可以指物可以指物, 指物時可與指物時可與which互換，指互換，指 人時可與人時可與who（主語時）（主語時）,whom（賓（賓 語時）互換。在從句中可以作主語或語時）互換。在從句中可以作主語或 賓語。賓語。 He is a person. He does what he says. He is a person that/who does what

13、he says. (person是先行詞是先行詞, that/who在從句中在從句中 作主語作主語) 他是一個說話算數(shù)的人。他是一個說話算數(shù)的人。 The cat is ill. I bought the cat yesterday. The cat that / which I bought yesterday is ill. (cat是先行詞是先行詞, that在從句中作賓語在從句中作賓語) 我昨天買的那只貓病了。我昨天買的那只貓病了。 4. Its about a big shark_ attacks swimmers _ are spending their holidays in a

14、 small village. A. where B. who C. that D. which E./ 4. that 1.作定從的主語或賓語作定從的主語或賓語 2.指物或人指物或人 3.作賓語可省略作賓語可省略 4.代替代替先行詞先行詞 CD BC who引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句 who引導(dǎo)定語從句時只能指人引導(dǎo)定語從句時只能指人, 在從在從 句中可以作主語或賓語。句中可以作主語或賓語。 A friend is a real friend. A friend helps you when you have a trouble. A friend who helps you when y

15、ou have trouble is a real friend. (friend是先行詞是先行詞, who在從句中作主在從句中作主 語語) 在你有困難時幫助你的朋友才是在你有困難時幫助你的朋友才是 真正的朋友。真正的朋友。 一、關(guān)系代詞 1. The number of people _ lost homes reached as many as 250,000. A. who B. which C. where D. when A 1. who 1.作定從的主語作定從的主語/賓語賓語 2.指人指人 3.作主語時不可省略作主語時不可省略 4.代替先行詞代替先行詞 2. The boy _ w

16、e saw yesterday was Johns brother. A. whom B. / C. which D. when AB 2. whom 1.作定從的賓語作定從的賓語 2.指人指人 3.可省略可省略 4.代替先行詞代替先行詞 whom也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句, 在在 從句中只能作賓語從句中只能作賓語, 有時可以和有時可以和 who互換互換, 但介詞后只能用但介詞后只能用 whom, 不能用不能用who。 He is the man. I have been looking for the man. He is the man who / whom I have bee

17、n looking for. = He is the man for whom I have been looking. 他就是我一直在找的人。他就是我一直在找的人。 which引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句 which引導(dǎo)定語從句時引導(dǎo)定語從句時, 只能指物只能指物, 在在 從句中可以作主語或賓語。從句中可以作主語或賓語。 I want to take away the book. You showed me the book yesterday. I want to take away the book which you showed me yesterday. (book是先行詞是先行詞

18、, which在從句中作在從句中作 賓語賓語) 我想帶走你昨天給我看的那本我想帶走你昨天給我看的那本 書。書。 3. Spielberg won a prize for a short film _ he made. A. which B. who C. / D. where AC 3. which 1.作定從的主語或賓語作定從的主語或賓語 2.指物指物 3.作賓語可省略作賓語可省略 4.代替先行詞代替先行詞 注意注意: 在由在由that, who和和which引導(dǎo)的定引導(dǎo)的定 語從句中語從句中, 當(dāng)它們在從句中作主語當(dāng)它們在從句中作主語 時時, 都不可以省略；作賓語時都不可以省略；作賓語時,

19、 都都 可以省略。可以省略。 介詞介詞后面只能用后面只能用which或或whom, 不能用不能用that或或who。 只能用只能用that的情況：的情況： 1）先行詞為不定代詞時：）先行詞為不定代詞時： everything,anything,nothing,something, none,the one, all, much等等 Im interested in everything Everything is about football. Im interested in everything that is about football. 關(guān)于足球的一切我都感興趣關(guān)于足球的一切我都感興

20、趣 2）先行詞前有）先行詞前有the only,the every, the last等詞修飾時等詞修飾時 The only thing is to wait. I can do the only thing. The only thing that I can do is to wait. 我能做的唯一事情就是等我能做的唯一事情就是等 3）先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾）先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾 時時 She was the first person She passed the exam. She was the first person that passed the exam. 4）

21、先行詞是最高級或被最高級修飾）先行詞是最高級或被最高級修飾 時時 The oldest man is Tonlys father. The oldest man sits in the middle The oldest man that sits in the middle is Tonlys father. 坐在中間最老的老人是坐在中間最老的老人是Tony的父親的父親 5）先行詞既有人又有物時：）先行詞既有人又有物時： They are talking about the persons and things. They saw the persons and thngs yesterda

22、y. They are talking about the persons and things that they saw yesterday. 6.）先行詞前有）先行詞前有all,one of, no, little, few, any等修飾時等修飾時 I want to read all the books All the books were written by Lu Xun. I want to read all the books that were written by Lu Xun. 我想讀魯迅所以的著作我想讀魯迅所以的著作 7）主句是以）主句是以who,which開頭的特殊

23、疑開頭的特殊疑 問句時問句時 Who is the boy ？ The boy is playing football? Who is the boy that is playing football? 正在踢足球的男孩是誰？正在踢足球的男孩是誰？ 注注: who, that在指人可以通用，但在指人可以通用，但 下列宜用下列宜用 who, 不用不用that 1) 先行詞是先行詞是anyone, someone, those 時，關(guān)系詞使用時，關(guān)系詞使用who There are lots of things (that) I need to prepare before the trip. D

24、o you know the girl who / that is singing in the classroom? This is the biggest fish (that) I have ever seen. It is the astronaut who is a lady. is a pilot. is Chinas first female astronaut. Guess quickly It is the singer who is a girl. is from Hong Kong. makes face with a fish mouth. Guess quickly

25、It is the basketball player who is a boy. is tall and handsome. lives in America. Guess quickly . 用用that, who, which或或whom填空填空 1.Alice likes singers _ write their own music. 2. Generally, old people like music _ is quiet and gentle. 3. The girl _ you met just now in the street is my friend. 4. This

26、is the school in _ I studied two years ago. 5. The man with _ my father is talking over there is our head teacher. that / who that / which that / who / whom which whom II. 根據(jù)句意根據(jù)句意, 用正確的關(guān)系代詞填空。用正確的關(guān)系代詞填空。 1.He is the man _ is ready to help others. 2. The girl _ I spoke to just now is my friend. 3. T

27、he dress _ you bought in the city mall is made of silk. 4. Bill likes music _ he can sing along with. that / who that / who / whom that / which that / which 5. This is the village _ I used to live in. 6. Women always like buying many things _ they dont need at all. 7. Im studying a subject _ I am ve

28、ry interested in. 8. The girl with _ I went shopping yesterday is my cousin. that / which that / which that / which whom 單項選擇單項選擇 1. I like music _ great lyrics. A. that have B. that has C. who have D. who has 2. They are talking about things and persons _ _ they saw there a few days ago. A. who B.

29、which C. that D. what B C 3. This is the highest building _ Ive ever seen. A. which B. that C. what D. where 4. I really didnt know anything _ happened to Jim yesterday. A. which B. whose C. when D. that B D 5. - Who is the man _ is standing over there? - Oh, he is my math teacher. A. who B. whom C.

30、 that D. which 6. The building _ is over one hundred years old is very famous here. A. which B. what C. when D. where C A 【2011山東臨沂山東臨沂】24. Peter likes music _ is very loud and energetic. A. that B. who C. whom D. / 【解析解析】由句意由句意“彼得喜歡聲音大而且有力彼得喜歡聲音大而且有力 量的音樂量的音樂”可知后句為定語從句?？芍缶錇槎ㄕZ從句。that 用來用來 指人或物，指人或物

31、，who 用來指人，用來指人，which 用來指物用來指物 。先行詞為物，在句中作主語，且不可省略。先行詞為物，在句中作主語，且不可省略 ，用，用that。 A 【2011株洲株洲】Gina loves singers _ write their own music. A. which B. who C. has worked 【解析解析】本句意思為本句意思為“吉娜喜歡自己寫音樂吉娜喜歡自己寫音樂 的歌手的歌手”，后面，后面write their own music 做定做定 語修飾語修飾singer，而，而which一般引導(dǎo)事物，一般引導(dǎo)事物，who 一般用于引導(dǎo)人，本題用于修飾一般用于引導(dǎo)人，本題用于修飾singer是人是人 ，因此空格處的關(guān)系代詞為，因此空格處的關(guān)系代詞為who。 B 【2012廣東廣東】There will be a flower show