(完整)初中賓語從句講解及練習(xí)(總5頁)

1、賓語從句在復(fù)合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。它在句中可以充當(dāng)及物動詞、介詞或形容詞的并與。賓語從句的三大考點(diǎn)即：引導(dǎo)詞、時(shí)態(tài)和語序。一、賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞1.that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句當(dāng)賓語從句是陳述句時(shí)，用連接詞that引導(dǎo)，that在口語、非正式文體中常被省略。He says(that) he has been to Shanghai twice.他說他去過上海兩次。She said (that) she went to the park last week.她說她上周去公園了。2. 特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句當(dāng)賓語從句是特殊疑問句時(shí)，特殊疑問詞就是引導(dǎo)詞。特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句疑問詞不可省略

2、。Could you please tell me where we will have a meeting?你能告訴我們將在哪兒開會嗎？I wondered what I should do next.我想知道下一步該做什么。3. if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（1）當(dāng)賓語從句由一般疑問句變來時(shí)，要用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”。 If和whether只起到連接作用，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般情況下可互換，但if常用于口語中，whether常用于正式文體中。I want to know if /whether he is waiting for me.我想知道他是否在等我。Could

3、 you tell me if /whether you have been to Australia? 你能告訴我你是否去過澳大利亞嗎？（2）下列情況下一般只能用whether：與or not連用時(shí)I dont know whether he likes the movie or not. 我不知道他喜不喜歡這部電影。作介詞的賓語時(shí)Everything depends on whether we have enough time.一切取決于我們是否有足夠的時(shí)間。放在不定式前，與不定式組成詞組時(shí)She hasnt decided whether to go or not.她還沒決定去還是不去。

4、作discuss等詞的賓語時(shí)We discussed whether we should close the shop.我們討論了是否該關(guān)閉那家商店。二、賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)（1）如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句可用其所需的任何時(shí)態(tài)。He says (that) he has seen this film.他說他已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。He says (that) he is watching TV.他說他正在看電視。（2）如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句常用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。He said they would go to Hainan winter holiday.他說他們將去海南度假。She didnt

5、 know if they had seen the movie.她不知道他們是否看過那部電影了。注意：如果從句的內(nèi)容表示的是客觀真理或不可改變的自然現(xiàn)象等，雖然主句用了過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.老師告訴我們地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)動。The teacher said light travels faster than sound.老師說光比聲音傳播得快。三、賓語從句的語序當(dāng)賓語從句是疑問句時(shí)，要用陳述語序。Whats his fathers name? 他父親叫什么名字？I dont k

6、now what his fathers name is? 我不知道他父親叫什么名字？When will they leave for Shanghai?你們什么時(shí)候去上海？Can you tell me when they will leave for Shanghai?你能告訴我他們什么時(shí)候去上海嗎？四、賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)賓語從句表示否定意義時(shí)，如果主語為第一人稱，謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, expect等詞時(shí)，通常將否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的謂語動詞中。I dont believe he will come.我相信他不會來了。I dont think there

7、is anything wrong with the radio.我認(rèn)為這臺收音機(jī)沒有毛病。注意：1.當(dāng)賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移時(shí)，若主句的主語是第一人稱，則該句的反意思疑問句由從句來決定。I dont think he is an honest boy, is he ?我認(rèn)為他不是一個(gè)誠實(shí)的孩子，對嗎？2.若主句的主語不是第一人稱，則該句的反意疑問句由主句來決定。You believe he will come here soon, dont you ?你相信他很快就會來這兒，不是嗎？練習(xí)一、將下面的句子連接成為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句。1. These flowers are from Guangd

8、ong. He said.He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know.Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.4. Can they speak French? I want to

9、know.I want to know _ _ _ _ French.5. Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me _ the children _ _ games.6. Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.7. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ i

10、n the picture?8. Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know _ _ _ her car?9. What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.10. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know.I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly. 11. Does he still live in that street?

11、 I dont know.I dont know _ he still _ in that street. 12. Whats his name? I asked him. I asked him what _ _ _.13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.Please tell me _ _ _ _.14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _ they _ fried chicken.15. Was the watch made in Sh

12、anghai? I dont know. I dont know _ the watch _ made in Shanghai.二、完成句子1 I wanted to know_(她在和誰交談)2 He said_(他以前見過我)3 Im sorry for_(我所做的事)4 The teacher asked_(誰能回答這個(gè)問題)5 Jane said that_(她將乘飛機(jī)去那里)6 I wanted to know_(她是否有一些錢)7 We havent decided_(我們下一步該做什么)8 I think that English is_(沒有數(shù)學(xué)難)9 Im not sure_

13、(昨天天氣是否晴朗)10He asked me_(是如何處理這件事的)11Do you know_(是否要下雨)12I wanted to know_(她是否來還是不來)三、用合適的連接詞填空。1. Jim told me _ he didnt go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）2. Do you know _ else is going to be on duty today？（who, whom）3. She said _ it wouldnt matter much.（that, if）4. He always thinks _ he ca

14、n do better.（how, who）5. I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）6. They dont know _ to go or wait. (if, whether)7. We are talking about _ well go back tomorrow. (whether, if) 8. I was really surprised at _ I saw. (where, what)9. I dont know _ so many people are looking

15、at him. (how, why)10. Do you know _ you are studying for? (why, what)四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1. “Do you want to try it?” Toms mother asked him.(同義句)Toms mother asked him _ _ _ to try it.2. I think this is a good idea.（改為否定句） I _ _ this _ a good idea.3. Lucy hasnt decided which trousers to buy.（改為復(fù)合句 Lucy hasnt decid

16、ed _ _ _ _ buy.4. I dont know how I can get to the hospital.（改為簡單句 I dont know _ _ _ to the hospital.5. I dont suppose they will come, _ _ ? (改為反意疑問句)五、用所給動詞的正確形式填空。1. We are sure that he _ (go) to school tomorrow.2. Do you know who _ (be) the first man to walk on the moon?3. Could you tell me where

17、 the post office _ (is)?4. Our father said that he _ (will) buy a new computer.5. I hear that he _ (swim) in the sea yesterday.6. The little boy tells us where his father _ (work).7. He said that he _ (finish) his work already.8. They thought they could _ (hike) to the top of the mountain.9. He was

18、glad that so many people _ (help) him.10. She doesnt know whether _ (go) or wait.六、選擇填空。( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said _.A. if you are free the next week B. what color was itC. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring( ) 2. Tom asked my friend _.A. where was he from B. that the earth is b

19、igger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry( ) 3. Let me tell you _.A. how much is the car B. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car( ) 4. Peter knew _.A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many que

20、stionsC. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris( ) 5. Could you tell me _? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in( ) 6. I cant understand _the boy alone. A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. wh

21、y had she left( ) 7. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen( ) 8.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he get B. why he gets C. why does he get D. why he got( ) 9. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. what the matter wasC. what the matt

22、er is D. whats the matter( ) 10. He asked his father _. A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen( ) 11. No one tells us_, so we need your help. A. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it( ) 12. Could you please teach me _ the c

23、omputer. A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to how checking( ) 13.They dont know _their parents are. A that B what C why D which參考答案：一、1.that, were 2.that, travels 3.that, would be 4.if/whether they can speak 5.if/whether, are playing 6.if/whether he had finished his 7. how many people you can see 8