讓步狀語從句

1、百度文庫(kù)-讓每個(gè)人平等地提升自我授課內(nèi)容提綱：1復(fù)習(xí)U4單詞，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。2. U5語法講解，練習(xí)鞏固。3. 中考鏈接4一些易混淆的語法講解，相應(yīng)的練習(xí)題。5. 練習(xí)鞏固提升一、語法講解/ . 讓步狀語從句though/ although“盡管即使”連接詞：although （盡管），though （盡管），however （無論怎樣），whatever （無論什么）,whoever （無論誰）,whomever （無論誰）,whichever （無論哪個(gè)）, whenever （無論何時(shí)），wherever （無論哪里），whether （是否），no matter （who, what,

2、where, when, etc）（無論）,even if （即使），even though （即使）等。注意： 當(dāng)有though, although時(shí)，后面的從句不能有 but,但是though和 yet可連用.這兩個(gè)連詞意思大致相同，在一般情況下可以互換使用。在口語中， though 較常使用，although 比 though 正式，Although its raining, they are still working in the field.雖然在下雨，但他們?nèi)栽诘乩?干活。Although/Though he was worn out, （still） he kept on wo

3、rk ing.Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may rema 傷 口雖愈合，但傷疤留下了。（諺語）Although/Though he is very old, （yet） he is quite strong.He is very old, but he still works very hard.雖然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。值得注意的是，although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句位于主句之前的情況較多， though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可位于主句之前或主句之后。例如： She passed the exam in ati on though she h

4、ad not studied very hard.()1.she is young, she knows quite a lot.A. When B. However C. Although D. U nl essever if/even though 即使 we ll make a trip even if/though the weather is bad.whether.or.表示“不論是否”,“不管是還是”之意Youll have to atte nd the cerem ony whether youre free or busy.Whether you believe it or

5、no t, its true.“no matte葉疑問詞”或“疑問詞-ever”的含義為“都；不管都”，它們引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可以互換。例如：No matter what happened, he would not mind. (=Whatever happened, he would not min d.)No matter who you are, you must keep the law.(=Whoever you areyou must keep the law.()1.You bought the car about ten years ago?Yes.i old, it sti

6、ll runs well.A. BecauseB. SinceC. AlthoughD. But()2.we gave him someth ing to eat, he would save it up for his little sister.A. WhateverB. However C. When everD. Whichever()it rained heavily yesterday,he got to school on time.A but B / C and()4. Alice is a good stude nt ., she has one shortco ming.D

7、. eve n if()spe nds a lot of money on clothesher family is not rich.()difficult the task may be, we will try our best to finish it.A. No matterB. No won derC. Though D. However中考鏈接:()1.it s difficult to make her dream come true, she never gives up./A. ThoughB. Un lessC. Because D. If()they may not s

8、ucceed, they will try their best.A. ThoughB. Whe nC. BecauseD. Un less()Harry is on ly 10 years old,he knows more about scie nee tha n his brother.A. Though ; /B. Though ; butC. Though ; because()well you drive, you must drive carefully.A. No matter whereB. I n order thatC. No matter how D. As soon

9、as()hamburgers are junk food, many childre n like them.A. IfB. Un lessC. BecauseD. Although()brother and I look differe ntwe are twins.A. uni essB. asC. thoughD. because一些易混淆的語法講解：1.四個(gè)花費(fèi)：spend ， cost，take和pay的區(qū)別(1) spe nd time/ mo ney on sth. 在上花費(fèi)時(shí)間 / 金錢例: I spent two hours on this maths problem.spe

10、nd time / money (in) doing sth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢)做某事。例: They spent two years (in) building this bridge.spe nd money for sth. 花錢買例：His money was spent for books.他的錢用來買書了。(2)sth. costs (sb.) +金錢，某物花了(某人)多少錢。例: A new computer costs a lot of money.買一臺(tái)新電腦要花一大筆錢。(3) take后面常跟雙賓語It takes sb. +時(shí)間+ to do sth.做某事花了某人多少時(shí)

11、間。例：It took them three years to build this road.pay的基本用法是：pay (sb.) money for sth.付錢(給某人)買them 20 dollars for this room each mon th.pay for sth. 付的錢。例： I have to pay for the book lost.pay for sb.替某人付錢。例：Don worry! Ill pay for you.習(xí)題：()1. I have tothem 20 pounds for this room each mon th.A. pay B. pa

12、id C. cost D. took()2. They spe nd too much timethe reportA. writi ngB. to writeC. on writi ngD. write()3. -What beautiful shoes you re wearing! They must be expensive .-No , they only10 yuan .A. spent B. took C . paid()4. -Will you pleasefor my dinner, Peter?-Sure!A. spendB. pay C. cost()5. It will

13、me too much time to read this book.A. take B. cost C. spe nd()scie nee bookme a great amount of mon ey.A. took B. cost C. used D. spe nt與any的區(qū)別：Some的用法1. some : adj.(多用于 肯定句、希望 得到對(duì)法肯定回答的疑問句中)。例：I have to payD. cost1) 修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上，“一些、若干”eg. Some childre n like playi ng in the park.Would you lik

14、e some apples?2) 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，“一些、若干”eg. There is some water in the bottle.Would you like some tea or coffee?2. some: pro n.“一些人、一些物；有些人、有些物”eg. There are many people in the park. Some are walk ing. Some are talk ing.eg. Some of the dumpli ngs are made of shrimps( 蝦, 小蝦).二.Any的用法1. any: adj.(多用于 否定句、疑問句)

15、1) 修飾 不可數(shù)名詞，“任何量的” eg. Can you speak any French?2) 修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，“任何數(shù)目的人或物”eg. I didn t eat any apples. eg. Are there any stamps in the drawer?3) 用于肯定句中修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，“任何一個(gè)”eg. Give me a pen -any pen will be OK.2. any: pron.“任何一個(gè)人 /物” eg. She didn t spend any of the money.any用于否定句和總結(jié)：表示一些時(shí)，some用于肯定句和希望得到肯定回答的疑

16、問句中; 疑問句中.1. There are ()n ewspapers on the table. 2. Is there () bread on the plate ？3. Are there ()boats on the river?4. -Do you have ()brothers ? -Yes, I have two brothers.5. -Is there ()tea in the cup?-Yes, there is ()tea in it, but there isn t milk.6. I want to ask you () questi ons.7. My littl

17、e boy wants () water to drink.8. There are () tables in the room, but there aren )tchairs.9. Would you like ()milk?10. Will you give me ()paper?3. A few / few & a little / little /的區(qū)別A few“少數(shù)幾個(gè)” F 榕飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù) 數(shù)，表肯定V1He left his house a few minutes ago .她幾分鐘前離開了家*Few衣幾乎沒有的. 很少的”修飾可 數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表 否定There are fe

18、w people in the room .房間里幾乎沒有人.A little“一點(diǎn)；少許” * 修飾不可數(shù)名詞， 表肯定Could you give me a little milk穆我一點(diǎn)牛奶好嗎7little“幾乎沒有的. 很少的t修飾 不可數(shù)名詞*表 否定There was little rain all winter 整個(gè)冬天幾乎沒下雨1. There iswater in the glass. Lets go and get some.A. fewB. muchC. ma nyD. little2. We still haveapples in the basket. You do

19、nve tb hyi any.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little3. I am new here. So I havefriends here.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little4. There ismoney in my pocket, so I cant buy anything nowA. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little15people know where Phillip lives. Only his pare nts can tell us.A. fewB. a fewC. litt

20、leD. a littleisink in my bottle, can you give me ink?A. few, a fewB. little, a littleC. a little, littleD. a little, a little7. I enjoy my life here. I havefriends and we meet quite ofte n.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little二、練習(xí)提升語法選擇Once, a king loved music so much that he searched the world for the

21、 best in strume nt.One day, a magic man _1_ the king a harp( 豎琴).The king took it to the palace, but _2_he played it, the harp soun ded terrible. Many _ 3_ people tried it. They agreed that the harp was _4_ and the king had been fooled. The harp was throw n out as rubbish.A poor little girl _5_found

22、 the harp, and even though she didn t know how_it, she decided to have a try. She played and played, the whole day through, for mon ths and years. The music she produced was n ever perfect, _7_each time it soun ded alittle better.Then one day, suddenly, the harp started to play the most beautiful mu

23、sic. It was in fact _8 magic harp, and could only be played well by some one who would put in the n ecessary effort.The king heard the music from his win dow, and called the girl to the palace. When the king saw that she was play ing his old harp, he was filled _9_ joy. At that mome nt he made the g

24、irl his own private _10_, giving her and her family many riches.()1. A. offer B. offers C. offered D. has offered()2. A. whe nB. before C. if D. because()3. A. ano ther B. other C. othersD. the other()4. A. usedB. using C. uselessD. useless ness()5. A. late B. lately C. latest D. later()6. A. played

25、 B. to play C. play ingD. to play ing()7. A. soB. andC. orD. but()8. A. aB. anC. theD. /()9.A. inB. ofC. byD. with()10. A. music B. musicalC. musicia nD. musically完型填空Kierma n was born in Sydn ey, Australia, and grew up n ear the sea. For more tha n 40 years, he raced in intern ati onal sail ing com

26、petiti ons.In 1987, Kierman was competing in an around-the-world race when he began to _1_ the huge amount of rubbish in the world s oceans. When he returned to Australia,he _2_ / to do something about it.He organized a community_3_ called“ Clean UpSydney Harbour. ” OnSunday,January 8, 1989, more th

27、a n 40,000 volun teers came out to _4_ away rubbish. The n ext year, Kierma n made the clea n-up a n ati onal eve nt. It was a huge _5_ .Across Australia, about 300,000 people spe nt the day improvi ng their local _6Since then,“Clean Up Australia has got _7_ every year. In 2002, forexample,800,000pe

28、ople cleaned up almost 15,000 tons of rubbish from Australia sbeaches, parks and streets.Kierma n was _8 with the success of his project .In 2003, he started an evenbigger program. With the_9_ of the United Nations EnvironmentProgram, heintroduced “ CleanUp the World ”，an international program that

29、supports communitiesaround the world in cleaning up and protecting the environment.“ Clean Up the World” hasgrown _10_ and his wonderful idea has now spread from one city to the whole world.()1. A. save B. collectC. no ticeD. produce()2. A. refused B. decided C. prete ndedD. stopped()3. A. law B. pa

30、rtyC. compa nyD. eve nt()4. A. clearB. se ndC. turn D. give()5. A. problem B. success C. surprise D. failure()6. A. culture B. project()7. A. older B. smaller()8. A. happyB. angry()9. A. needB. help CC. gover nmentD. environmentC. bigger D. fasterC. disappo in ted D. concerned hope D. acti on()10. A

31、. loudlyB. gen tly C. rapidly D. busily閱讀理解Most of us probably live without vegetables, but a world without chocolate? Now that would be hard! According to chocolate makers it could happen if we don t act soon.There are two main causes of the chocolate shortage -chocolate s growing popularityand les

32、s product ion of cocoa, the pla nt from which chocolate is made. Withmore andmore people in In dia and China lov ing chocolate, not much can be done about the first cause.Therefore, the only thi ng we can do is to in crease cocoa product ion. However, new plant diseases and little rain in Ivory Coas

33、t and Ghana, the world largest producers, have reduced cocoa product ion by 40 perce nt in the past 10 years. What s worse, manycocoa farmers in Africa and other cocoa-producingcountries like Indonesia andVenezuela arechanging to easier-to-grow crops such as corn or rubber. This way, thefarmers can

34、make more mon ey.To preve nt more farmers from cha nging, researchers at the n ewly ope ned Intern ati onal Cocoa Con trol Centre, in the UK, are trying to create new cocoa pla nts that are stro nger and faster grow ing. But first they must make sure the new pla nts are safe to grow. This takes a lo

35、ng time. First, each new pla nt is stored at the Con trol Cen tre for six mon ths to make sure it is healthy. It is then planted in the Centre fields, studied and tested for ano ther two years. Only after scie ntists are certa in that they-freeewiseheqDla ntsbe sent to farmers in West Africa or wherever else they are n eeded.To create new stro nger types