外研版七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)各模塊語(yǔ)法知識(shí)匯總+專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1、外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總Ml形容詞性和名詞性物主代詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)語(yǔ)法:1 物主代詞分為兩種：形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。(1 )形容詞性物主代詞，它不能單獨(dú)使用，后面必須跟名詞。如：We are doing our homework.(我們正在做家庭作業(yè)。)(2 )名詞性物主代詞，它具有名詞的性質(zhì)，可以單獨(dú)使用。如：My shirt is black, but yours is white.(我的襯衫是黑色的，但你的是白色的。)(3 )名詞性物主代詞具有“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”的作用。如:Whose comb is it? It/s hers. ( hers=her+comb )對(duì)照

2、表物主代詞我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他們的形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs注意：名詞性物主代詞可指一件東西，也可指很多件東西，看上下文決定。如：Wheres your book? Mine is on the desk.(指我的一本書)Where are your books? Mine are on the desk. 的彳艮多書)選擇填空：1. This is my teapot. Itzs not. (your/ yours)2. My hairdryer is on the d

3、esk. Wheres?(her/ hers)3. hairdryer is not on the table.is there. (Her/ Mine)4. Whose calculator is it? Its. Its calculator. (my/ mine)5. Are they(your/ yours) combs? Yes, theyre(our/ ours).用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. That is not kite. That kite is very small, but is very big. (I)2. The dress is. Give it to. ( s

4、he )3. Is this watch? (you) No, its not. ( I)4.is my is Jack. Look! Those stamps are. ( he )5. dresses are red. (we) What colour are? ( you )6. Here are many dolls, which one is? ( she )7. I can find my toy, but wheres? ( you )8. Show your kite, OK? (they)9. I have a beautiful

5、is Mimi.These cakes are. (it)10. Shall have a look at that classroom? That is classroom. ( we )11. is my aunt. Do you know job?is a nurse. ( she )12. Where are? I can/t find.Lets call parents. (they )13. dont know her name.Would you please tell. ( we )14. So many dogs. Lets count. (they )外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知

6、識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總M2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can1.結(jié)構(gòu)：can +動(dòng)詞原形，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。例如：I can swim. Darning can ride a bike. He cant drive a car.2.否定形式：cannot/can t, cannot比縮略形式can t要正式?？谡Z(yǔ)中一般用縮略形式。3用法A.表示能力(體力、知識(shí)、技能等)，此時(shí)可用be able to代替。例如：Mary can speak three languages.瑪麗會(huì)說(shuō)三種語(yǔ)言。=Mary is able to speak three languages.注意：(1 ) can只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去式；而be a

7、ble to則有更多的時(shí)態(tài)。例J如：III not be able to come this afternoon.今天下午我將會(huì)來(lái)。(2 )當(dāng)表示經(jīng)過(guò)努力才得以做成功某事時(shí)應(yīng)用be able to,不能用can0例如:He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.盡管很大雨，他昨天能來(lái)參加聚會(huì)。B.表青求和允許。例如：一Can I go now? - Yes, you can. / No, you cannot/cant.此時(shí)可與may互換。在疑問(wèn)句中還可用could,might (不可用

8、于肯定句、否定句或答語(yǔ))代替，不是過(guò)去式，只是語(yǔ)氣更委婉。例如：一 Could I come to see you tomorrow? Yes, you can. ( No, Im afraid not.)3、表示可能性才育則。例如:The man over there cant be my uncle. My uncle has gone to Beijing.那個(gè)人不可能是我的叔叔。我的叔叔去北京了。練習(xí)題()1.Can I go fishing with you,Dad?-No,you.You stay at home and do your homework first.A.wont;

9、may B.cant must C.shouldntjought D.neednt; should( )2.-Do you know whose dictionary it is? -It Li Meis. His name is on it.A.cant B.mustt C.shouldnt D.neednt( )3.-1 cant stop smoking,doctor. -For your healthjm afraid you.A.can B.can/t C.must D.mustnt( )4.-Is Mr.Brown driving here? -Im not sure. He co

10、me by train.A.may B.shall C.need D.must外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總M3-M4 一般將來(lái)時(shí)定義表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，事情或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來(lái)經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening（明天早、中、B兔），the day after tomorrow（后天），next year（明年）,next month（下一個(gè)月），next week（下一個(gè)星期），soon（不 久），later on過(guò)些時(shí)間f this afternoon （今天下午）,in+段時(shí)間（in 2020在2

11、020年）構(gòu)成及變化一般將來(lái)時(shí)常用的兩種結(jié)構(gòu):be going to+do :表示打算、計(jì)劃做某事或有意做某事。shall/will+do ：描述未來(lái)的事情或表達(dá)對(duì)將來(lái)的預(yù)測(cè)等。be going tow川/ shall do肯定句主語(yǔ) + be(am /,s,/ are) going to + 動(dòng)詞原形+其它主語(yǔ)+W川/shall+動(dòng)詞原形+其它否定句主語(yǔ)+be ( am/is/ are ) not going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它主語(yǔ)+ will /shall+ not +動(dòng)詞原形+其它一般疑問(wèn)句Be （am / is/融6）+主語(yǔ)+80始8to+動(dòng)詞原型+其它？will/shall

12、+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)詞（Wh-）+一般疑問(wèn)句?特殊疑問(wèn)詞（Wh-） +一般疑問(wèn)句？三、will與be going to的區(qū)別1. be going to表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來(lái)肯定發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將來(lái)勢(shì)必發(fā)生的事情。E.g: Tm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.5外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總He will be twenty years old.2. be going to含有“計(jì)劃，準(zhǔn)備”的意思，而will則沒(méi)有這個(gè)意思。E.g: She is going to lend us her book.He w

13、ill be here in half an hour.3. be going to表ZF有跡象要發(fā)生的事，will沒(méi)有。E.g: Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.看那烏云，快要下雨了。四、要點(diǎn)注意1 .使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)詞：go ,come .arrive ；leave ,fly(飛往)freach(到達(dá)).stay ,start, die E.g: Tm going to go to the zoo this weekend尸 Im going to the zoo this weekend.Hes goi

14、ng to leave for Paris.= Hes leaving for Paris.2 .使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)的動(dòng)詞：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return表示在時(shí)間上 已確定或安排好的事情。E.g: The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開(kāi)。-When does the bus start? -It starts in ten minutes.3 . There be 句型的一般將來(lái)時(shí)：There will be / There is/ are going to beE.g

15、: There will be a football match tomorrow.There is going to be a football match tomorrow.練習(xí)()1. There a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be()2. Charlie here next month.A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont

16、 work()3. He very busy this week, he free next week.A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; w川 be()4. There a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. wasB. is going to have C. w川 haveD. is going to be()5. If it tomorrow; well go roller-skating.A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain

17、 D. don/t rain()6. Mother me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will givesB. will giveC. gives D. give()7. - Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? -,A. No, you won/t. B. No, you arent. C. No, please don： D. No, please.()8. Look! Here the train!A. come B. will come C. comes D. is going to come()9. a c

18、oncert next Saturday?A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are()10. Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he 11.外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總A. is B. is going to beC. will be D. will to beM5特殊疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)及用法1 .特殊疑問(wèn)句由疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)，不同的疑問(wèn)詞用來(lái)詢問(wèn)不同的對(duì)象。2 .特殊疑問(wèn)句的句型是：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句的句式，也就是“疑問(wèn)詞+系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+其他成分?！?

19、.特殊疑問(wèn)句不能用Yes或No來(lái)回答，而要對(duì)所詢問(wèn)的對(duì)象有針對(duì)地回答。特殊疑問(wèn)詞：用法問(wèn)人的身份，姓名等Who is he ?Who is he ?問(wèn)所屬關(guān)系Whose book is this ?問(wèn)時(shí)間意思who 誰(shuí)He is LiLie He is my brother.whose 誰(shuí)的This is her book.when什么時(shí)候We play games in the afternoon. When do you play games?where什么地方問(wèn)地點(diǎn)We play games at home on Sunday ? Where do you play games on S

20、unday?why為什么問(wèn)原因He isnt at school today because he is ill. Why isn*t he at school today ?Which哪一個(gè)問(wèn)一定范圍內(nèi)特指的人或物The big box is mine. There are two boxes.Which box is yours?Which apple do you like? I like the smaller one.what 什么問(wèn)人的職業(yè)或事物是什么He is a worker. What is he?He has a book. What does he have ?what

21、color什么顏色問(wèn)顏色My skirt is red. What color is your skirt?what time幾點(diǎn)問(wèn)時(shí)間=whenWe play games at five in the afternoon ? What time do you play games?what day星期幾問(wèn)星期幾What day is it today ? It is Monday.外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總how 怎樣問(wèn)健康狀況、做事的方式、程度等He is fine/strong. How is he ?（問(wèn)健康狀況）I go home by bike. How do you go h

22、ome?（問(wèn)做事的方式）The river is 100 meters. How deep is the river?（問(wèn)不）how old 幾歲 問(wèn)年齡He is ten. How old is he ?how many 多少跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，問(wèn)數(shù)量There are thirty boys in my class. How many boys are there in your class?how much多少/多少錢跟不可數(shù)名詞，問(wèn)數(shù)量或價(jià)錢There is some milk in the bottle. How much milk is there in the bottle?（問(wèn)數(shù)量

23、）How much is the dress?Ifs 50 yuan.（問(wèn)價(jià)錢）how far 多遠(yuǎn) 間路程lt*s five kilometers away from here? How far is it from here?注意：特殊疑問(wèn)句的回答不能用Yes/No ,要有是在的回答。疑問(wèn)詞填空：1.is it? It is eight o/clock. 2.will you come back? In two weeks.3.is the man in red? He is my brother. 4.pen is it? It is mine.5.didnt you come to s

24、chool yesterday? Because I had a cold.6.do you play chess? Three times a week.7.is your coat? It is green.8.is the tree? It/s about 3.1meters tall.9.are you? Im twenty years old.10.is your dress? It is 90 Yuan.11.is that river? It is 6metres long.12.are you in? Im in Class 6.13.is the date today? It

25、 is May 6th.14.do you live? 1 live in America.15.are you? Im fine, thank you.16.grade are you in? Im in Grade 7.17.is your birthday? Its on September 26th.10外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總M6介詞表達(dá)1、問(wèn)路相關(guān)句型Could you tell me how to get to.?Can you show me the way to .?How can I get /go to.?/get there?Where is the .?Can

26、you tell me the way to .?Is there a . near here?How do I get to.?/get there?2S in front of在（外面的）前面in the front of在（里面的）前面3、go across=cross 穿過(guò)(橫穿)4、go along=go down=walk along=walk up=follow5、turn left / right 向左轉(zhuǎn)6、on the right/left 在右邊/左邊7、opposite.在的對(duì)面8、between A and B在A和B之間,between用在兩者之間9、on the c

27、orner ( of ).在.的拐角處overbehind在后面On the left of.在左邊 /在前部J under 在.正下方flnextto緊挨看in the front of在里面的前面At the back of.在里面的后面（在后部）口On the right of.在右邊near附近Q _in. front of在刖面13between.and.在兩者之間Lingling sits between Tony and Darning玲玲坐在托尼和大明之間。among在三者或三者以上之間Miss Li is among lots of students.李老師在許多同學(xué)之間。單

28、選題()1 Tom sits the classroom while John sits the room.A. in front of; at back ofB. in the front of; at the back ofC. in front of; at the back ofD. in the front of; at back of()2 Lucy sits the third row,Jims left.A. on; on B. in; at C. at; in D. in; on()3 Jiangsu is the east of China, but Japan is th

29、e east of China.A. to; in B. in; to . C. on; to D. to; on()4Donzt read the sun. Its bad your eyes.A. in; to B. under; for C. with; to D. in; for( )5The woman a blue dress is my teacher.A. in B. on C. of D. at( )6 research the universe scientists have put a lot of information computers.A. With; over;

30、 at B. On; at; to C. In; about; into D. For; with; through( )7When a piece of ice is taken a warm room, it gets smaller and smaller until the end it disappearscompletely. A. in; in B. out of; at C. into; in D. to; by( )8 A woman fellthe boatthe water.A. off; into B. at; below C. down; under D. away;

31、 in()9. They will have a maths testtwo daysA for B at C in D afterM7-M10 一般過(guò)去時(shí)1 .含義：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2 .標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：yesterday（昨天）,last week（上周）,last month（上個(gè)月）,last year（去年）,two months ago （兩個(gè)月前）,the day before yesterday （前天），in 1990 （在 1990 年），in those days （在

32、那些日子里）等 表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。3 .謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)：V-ed動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed ,： pull-pulled, cook-cooked結(jié)尾是e加d ,如：taste-tasted末尾是輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed ,如： stop-stopped以“輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i ,再加-ed ,如：study-studied不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式：lose（丟失）-lost ； make（制造）-made ；pay（付）一paid ； say（說(shuō)）-saidsit（坐）一sat ； sleep（睡）-sleptsp

33、end（度過(guò)）.-spent ； stand（站）-stoodmean（意思）-meant ； meet（見(jiàn)）-metsell（賣）-sold ； send（送卜一sentsmell（嗅）-smelt ； spell（拼寫）-speltteach（教）-taught ； tell（告訴）-toldwin（贏）won ； think（想）-thoughtunderstand（理解）-understood ； begin（開(kāi)始）-beganblow（吹）-blew ； break（打破）-brokedraw（畫）-drew ； drink（喝）-drankfall悟 卜）-fell ； fly（飛

34、）-flewgo（去）一一went ； grow（成長(zhǎng)）-grewring（按鈴）-rang ； write（寫）-wroteshow（出示）-showed ； wake（弄醒）-wokechoose（選擇）一chose ； do（做）-diddrive（駕駛）-drove ； eat（吃）一ateforget（忘）-forgot ； give（給）-gaveknow佚口道）-knew ； lie（躺）-lay-lainride（騎）一rode ； see（看見(jiàn)）-sawsing（唱）一sang ； speak（講話）-spoke外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總steal（偷）-stole ；

35、wear（穿）-woreswim（游泳）-swam ； take（拿）-tookthrow（扔）-threw ； become（成為）-becamecome（來(lái)）-came ； run（跑）-ran4 .句式變化規(guī)則：（l）Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：am和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（ was not=wasnlt ）are 在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)?were。（ were not=werenlt ）帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is, am, are 一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not ,一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were調(diào)到句首。（2 ）句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句

36、子否定句：didn*t +動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jim went home yesterday.-Jim didn*t go home yesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句：在句首加did,句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。如 ：Jim went home yesterday.Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？如 ：Jim went home yesterday.玲Did Jim go home yesterday?好What did Jim do yesterday?練習(xí)：I:將下列動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式（規(guī)則動(dòng)詞和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞）1. look2.live3.stop

37、4.carry5.hope6.trip7.call8.finish9.want10.arell.go12.have13.do14.get15.keep16.say17.see18.put19.eat2O.take21.read22.catch23.listen24.arrive25.planII:句型轉(zhuǎn)換1、他曾是一名學(xué)生?？隙ň銱e a student.否定句 He a student.一般疑問(wèn)句 he a student?肯定回答，.否定回答，外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總1、他們昨晚開(kāi)了一個(gè)會(huì)?？隙ň?They had a meeting last night. 否定句 They a m

38、eeting last night.一般疑問(wèn)句 they a meeting last night?肯定回答,.否定回答,.提問(wèn)：they last night?過(guò)去時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)I:用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Tom and Mary(come) to China last month.2. Mike(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night.3. Mary(read) English yesterday morning.4. There(be) no one here a moment ago.5. I(call) Mike this morning

39、.6. I listened but(hear) nothing.7. Tom(begin) to learn Chinese last year.8. Last week we(pick) many apples on the farm.9. My mother(not do) housework yesterday.10. She watches TV every evening. But she(not watch) TV last night.11. .your father( go ) to work every day last year?12. What time you(get

40、) to Beijing yesterday?13. What(make) him cry (哭)just now?14. Last year the teacher(tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.15. There( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家鄉(xiāng))in 1940.16. -When you(come) to china? -Last year.17. she(have) supper at home?18. Jack(not clean) the room just now.19.

41、 (be) it cold in your city yesterday?20. How many people(be) there in your class last term?21. It(be) hot yesterday and most children(be) outside.22. There(be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I(have) no time to watch it.II：按要求變換句型。1. Father bought me a new bike.(否定句)2. Frank read an in

42、teresting book about history.(一般疑問(wèn)句)16外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總Mil祈使句指的是表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語(yǔ)you常省略，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形，句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)， 讀降調(diào)。1 .肯定的祈使句(1)動(dòng)詞原形+其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 立。(2 ) Be + n./adj.Be a good boy!要做一個(gè)好孩子！Be careful! = Look out! = Take care!小心 / 當(dāng)心！ ( 3 ) Let + 賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分Let me help you.讓我來(lái)幫你。

43、Lets go to school together.咱們一起上學(xué)去吧。2 .否定的祈使句Dont +動(dòng)詞原形Don*t stand up.別站起來(lái)。Don*t be careless.別粗心。Dont let them play with fire.別讓他們玩火。(2)Let型的否定式有兩種產(chǎn)DorVt + let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分卻“Let +賓語(yǔ)+not+動(dòng)詞原形+ 其它成分”。Don11 let him go. / Let him not go.別讓他走。Let them not play with fire.別讓他們玩火。(3)no開(kāi)頭,用來(lái)表示禁止性的祈使句。No smok

44、ing!禁止吸煙！No fishing!禁止釣魚！3 .祈使句的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助動(dòng)詞Do。 例如：Do shut up!快住口 ！4 .祈使句的回答，祈使句的動(dòng)作通常是表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，回答祈使句時(shí)，一般用will或wont在回答具有否定意義的祈使句時(shí)，要注意兩點(diǎn)：1)開(kāi)鄉(xiāng)式一致(即Yes與wilM轉(zhuǎn)寺一； No與wont彳翱#致)2)意思相反(即Yes是“不”的意思；No是是的意思)。 在回答時(shí)，要注意分析上下文語(yǔ)境中所提供的 條件。如：一Dont go out, please. Itzs raining heavily outside.請(qǐng)不要出去。外面雨下得很大。-一

45、Yes, I w川, I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去機(jī)場(chǎng)接我弟弟。M12感嘆句和選擇疑問(wèn)句1 .由“what”引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!What a clever girl she is!多么聰明的姑娘呀！What an interesting story it is!多么有趣的故事呀！What good children they are!他們是多么好的孩子呀！2 .由“how,1引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：How+adj. ( adv. ) +主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！How happy they look!他們

46、顯得多么高興呀！How well she sings!她唱得多好呀！選擇疑問(wèn)句選擇疑問(wèn)句是指提供兩種或多種情況供對(duì)方選擇的疑問(wèn)句，選項(xiàng)之間要用連詞or連接。注意：or連接的是兩種同類的事物，且回答不能用yes或no。Are you a doctor or a teacher ?你是醫(yī)生還是教師？Im a teacher.我是一名老師。Which would you like , tea or coffee ?你想要哪樣，是茶還是咖啡？Id like some tea.我想要茶。單項(xiàng)選擇1 .to smile at your life when you are in trouble, and you will soon be happy again.A. Try B. To try C. Trying D. Tried2 . I hear you studied in New York last week. Was it sunny or rainy there?A. It was rainyB. It is sunny C. No, it isn*t D. I am afraid not3 .for me at the bus station across from the post o