電大機電一體化系統(tǒng)設計試題與答案

1、專業(yè)好文檔題號一二三四五六七八九十總分評分評卷教師一、填空題（每空1分，共20分）1滾珠絲桿中滾珠的循環(huán)方式有 、 兩種。2機電一體化系統(tǒng)，設計指標和評價標準應包括 、 、 、 3在伺服系統(tǒng)中，在滿足系統(tǒng)工作要求的情況下，首先應保證系統(tǒng)的 ，并盡量高伺服系統(tǒng)的響應速度。..1.12.13. 實現(xiàn)步進電動機通電環(huán)形分配的三種常用方法是 、 、 。5抑制電磁干擾的常用方法有屏蔽、 、 、 、合理布局和軟件抗干擾技術(shù)。6機電一體化系統(tǒng)一般由_、_、接口、_、_、_等部分組成。7機電一體化系統(tǒng)（產(chǎn)品）設計類型大致可分為_、適應性設計、_。二、簡答題（每題5分

2、，共30分）1、機電一體化系統(tǒng)中的計算機接口電路通常使用光電耦合器，光電耦合器的作用有哪些？2、什么是三相六拍通電方式？3、簡述pwm脈寬調(diào)速原理。4、簡述香農(nóng)采樣定理。5、什么叫傳感器？它是由哪幾部分組成的？6、步進電動機常用驅(qū)動電路中功率放大電路有哪幾種類型?三、計算題（共20分）（將本題答案寫在答題紙上）（一）、（10分）三相變磁阻式步進電動機，轉(zhuǎn)子齒數(shù)z=100,雙拍制通電，要求電動機轉(zhuǎn)速為120r/min，輸入脈沖頻率為多少?步距角為多少?（二）、(10分) 光柵傳感器，刻線數(shù)為100線/mm，設細分時測得莫爾條紋數(shù)為400，試計算光柵位移是多少毫米？若經(jīng)四倍細分后，記數(shù)脈沖仍為40

3、0，則光柵此時的位移是多少？測量分辨率是多少？四、綜合分析題（共30分）（一）、分析、說明如圖所示計算機控制系統(tǒng)中信號變換與傳輸?shù)倪^程、原理。（二）、伺服控制系統(tǒng)一般包括哪幾個部分？每部分能實現(xiàn)何種功能？一、填空題（每空1分，共20分）1、內(nèi)循環(huán)、外循環(huán) 2、性能指標 系統(tǒng)功能 使用條件 經(jīng)濟效益 3、穩(wěn)定性4、 1）采用計算機軟件分配器 2）小規(guī)模集成電路搭接的硬件分配器 3）專用模塊分配器 5、隔離 濾波 接地6、機械本體 動力與驅(qū)動 執(zhí)行機構(gòu) 傳感器檢測部分 控制及處理部分 7、開發(fā)性設計 變參數(shù)設計二、簡答（每題5分，共30分）1. （1）能保護系統(tǒng)元件不受高共模電壓的損害，防止高壓對

4、低壓信號系統(tǒng)的損壞。（2）泄漏電流低，對于測量放大器的輸入端無須提供偏流返回通路。（3）共模抑制比高，能對直流和低頻信號(電壓或電流)進行準確、安全的測量。2. 如果步進電動機通電循環(huán)的各拍中交替出現(xiàn)單、雙相通電狀態(tài)，這種通電方式稱為單雙相輪流通電方式。如a ab b bcc ca3. 在一個周期t內(nèi)閉合的時間為，則一個外加的固定直流電壓u被按一定的頻率開閉的開關(guān)s加到電動機的電樞上，電樞上的電壓波形將是一列方波信號，其高度為u、寬度為，如右圖所示。電樞兩端的平均電壓為：式中 =/t=ud/u，(01) 為導通率（或稱占空比）。當t不變時，只要改變導通時間，就可以改變電樞兩端的平均電壓ud。當

5、從0t改變時，ud由零連續(xù)增大到u。4.采樣頻率大于2倍的信號頻率，才能正確復現(xiàn)原信號。5傳感器是一種以一定的精確度把被測量轉(zhuǎn)換為與之有確定對應關(guān)系的，便于應用的某種物理量 的測量裝置。敏感元件、轉(zhuǎn)換元件、基本電路。6.單電壓、雙電壓、斬波恒流、恒流源三、計算題（共20分）（一）（10分）k=1; m=3, z=100; =360/1*3*100=1.2 f=600hz （二）（10分）100：1=400：x=4 mm四細分：400：1=400：x=1mm分辨率：1400=2.5(m)四、綜合分析題（30分） （一）（15分）采樣過程是用采樣開關(guān)（或采樣單元）將模擬信號按一定時間間隔抽樣成離散

6、模擬信號的過程。因采樣后得到的離散模擬信號本質(zhì)上還是模擬信號，未數(shù)量化，不能直接送入計算機，故還需經(jīng)數(shù)量化，變成數(shù)字信號才能被計算機接受和處理。量化過程（簡稱量化）就是用一組數(shù)碼（如二進制碼）來逼近離散模擬信號的幅值，將其轉(zhuǎn)換成數(shù)字信號，由于計算機的數(shù)值信號是有限的，因此用數(shù)碼來逼近模擬信號是近似的處理方法。信號進入計算機后經(jīng)其處理經(jīng)d/a轉(zhuǎn)換后輸出。d/a轉(zhuǎn)換器是將數(shù)字量轉(zhuǎn)換成模擬量的裝置。模擬量輸出主要由d/a轉(zhuǎn)換器和輸出保持器組成。它們的任務是把微機輸出的數(shù)字量轉(zhuǎn)換成模擬量。多路模擬量輸出通道的結(jié)構(gòu)形式，主要取決于輸出保持器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式。保持器一般有數(shù)字保持方案和模擬保持方案兩種。這就決定

7、了模擬量輸出通道的兩種基本結(jié)構(gòu)形式。（二）（15分）略if we dont do that it will go on and go on. we have to stop it; we need the courage to do it.his comments came hours after fifa vice-president jeffrey webb - also in london for the fas celebrations - said he wanted to meet ivory coast international toure to discuss his com

8、plaint.cska general director roman babaev says the matter has been exaggerated by the ivorian and the british media.blatter, 77, said: it has been decided by the fifa congress that it is a nonsense for racism to be dealt with with fines. you can always find money from somebody to pay them.it is a no

9、nsense to have matches played without spectators because it is against the spirit of football and against the visiting team. it is all nonsense.we can do something better to fight racism and discrimination.this is one of the villains we have today in our game. but it is only with harsh sanctions tha

10、t racism and discrimination can be washed out of football.the (lack of) air up there watch mcayman islands-based webb, the head of fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in london for the football associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend citys premier league match at chelsea on sunday.i

11、am going to be at the match tomorrow and i have asked to meet yaya toure, he told bbc sport.for me its about how he felt and i would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against cskafor the racist behaviour of their fans duringcitys 2

12、-1 win.michel platini, president of european footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.cska said they were surprised and disappointed by toures complaint. in a statement the russian side added: we found no racist insults from fans of cska.baumgar

13、tner the disappointing news: mission aborted.the supersonic descent could happen as early as sunda.the weather plays an important role in this mission. starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. the ball

14、oon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. it will climb higher than the tip of mount everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.1

15、7 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. as he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.the balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( then, i would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an olympic diving platform.b

16、elow, the earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. it will be like he is diving into the shallow end.skydiver preps for the big jump

17、when he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to earth. but this will not be enough to stop him completely.if he goes too fast or spins out

18、 of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. his team hopes its not needed. instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).in order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). he will have a reserve parachute that will op