水利水電工程專業(yè)英語詞匯整理ZCJ

1、a:asphalt瀝青aquifer含水層adiabatic絕熱的arch dam拱壩a storage or conservation reservoir蓄水水庫accessory附件，配件at the foot of.壩后arch action拱效應abutment壩肩ancillary附屬的available 可獲得的available material 現(xiàn)有的材料angle折角air-driven氣動annual temperature cycle穩(wěn)定溫度appurtenant structure次要建筑物age齡期alkali-aggregate reaction堿骨料反應absor

2、ption吸水性b:bus母線，總線be monolithic with與.連成整體bed河床be away from.引水式bulk cement散裝水泥bituminous瀝青的best advantage最優(yōu)binding agent膠凝材料buttress dam支墩壩bulk-mineral 礦物質batch配料batch plant拌和樓bucket料，罐c:construction施工concrete混凝土creep徐變，滲水cutoff截流constant常數(shù)condensation凝結conceptual概念上的cyclone氣旋collide碰撞convection對流co

3、nvergence集中conduit管道conduit system輸水系統(tǒng)current 流c.大約的cyclopean masonry巨石cf.參閱constrain抑制concrete face面板curvature曲率cupola or double curvature arch dam雙曲拱壩cut-off防滲墻categorized分類coarse-grained粗粒度的compact壓實consideration考慮因素cure養(yǎng)護cement hydration process水泥硬化過程coarse aggregate粗骨料crane起重機cableway纜機content用

4、量consolidate鞏固consolidation密實consistency稠度closest practicable最可行的correct emphasis on恰如其分地強調crushing strength抗壓強度cylinder圓柱體cube立方體cutting core取芯樣chemical attack化學侵蝕crack裂縫composite material復合材料compressive strength抗壓強度compressive stress壓應力d:dispose處理，處置deposition沉積作用，沉淀droplet小水滴dew point露點depression

5、洼地dissipate消散diversion system引水系統(tǒng)draft tube尾水管dry mortal干砂漿derivative衍生物dome圓屋頂decked buttress大頭壩draw-off抽取discharge排水decked rockfill dam面板堆石壩zoned rockfill dam分區(qū)堆石壩discrete離散的defined zone分區(qū)designated指定的designation名稱durability耐久性dozer推土機distribution分部desirable structure理想結構e:estuary河口evaporation蒸發(fā)ev

6、apotranspiration蒸散發(fā)eutrophication富營養(yǎng)化elevated提高的erosion腐蝕equator赤道energy dissipation消能empoly采用embankment dam土石壩earthfill embankment土壩escalate逐步增強，逐步上升excavate開挖external外部的elastic modules彈性模量f:feasible可行的，切實可行的feed water供水function函數(shù)，運行foerbay前池fresh water淡水flood plain洪泛區(qū)flood wall防洪墻front鋒flow-contro

7、l valve流量控制閥facing裝飾面floor of the valley谷底flat slab buttress平板壩frictional摩擦力的fine aggregate細骨料facilitate使便利fresh concrete新拌制的混凝土fatigue strength疲勞強度flexural strength抗彎強度floor slab樓板g:generate 發(fā)電granite花崗巖groundwater地下水geo-membrane土工膜generate 產(chǎn)生gravity dam重力壩gate閘門guide vane導葉generator發(fā)電機gallery廊道gre

8、en cut沖毛gradient梯度given特定的h:hydroelectric power station 水力發(fā)電站hydrologic cycle水文循環(huán)hydrosphere水圈hail冰雹head水頭hydraulic structure水工建筑物horizontal construction joint水平施工縫hollow gravity dam空腹重力壩homogeneous section均質斷面horizontal arch水平拱high-capacity mechanical plant重型機械highly mechanized process高度機械化的過程high-

9、pressure air-water jet高壓水-氣噴射heat generated as cement hydrates水泥水化產(chǎn)生的熱量harden硬化的i:interception植物截留impervious不透水的irrigation灌溉infiltration滲透intensity強度intake進水口initially最初地interval間隔integrity完整性impound蓄水instance例子impervious element防滲體intensively集中的intensive密集的incorporate采用impermeability抗?jié)B性installation

10、安裝in some manner從某種程度上instantaneous stiffness瞬時剛度j:joint接縫k:karst巖溶karez,kariz坎兒井kinetic動力學的，動的l:large power station 大型電站load荷載lithosphere巖石圈levee堤防latent energy潛在能量lightened輕型的labour勞動lean貧m:masonry磚石結構，砌石meander 蜿蜒manifold多支管motion運動，移動merge匯moisture濕氣，水氣masonry dam圬工壩mechanical energy機械能mass conc

11、rete大體積混凝土multiple arch dam連拱壩moisture content含水量mix攪拌monolith壩段，巨型獨石mix design配合比設計mixture proportioning配合比main reinforcement主筋n:navigation航運nature of duty工作特性normal maximum water level正常蓄水位nonoverflow section非溢流壩段compaction壓實normal法向negative moment負彎矩o:overstressing超限應力p:perched water table上層滯水面po

12、re 毛孔，小孔，氣孔precipitation降水percolation滲水，滲漏pondage貯水pressure tunner壓力隧道penstock壓力管道periods of peak flows蓄水期periods of low flows枯水期power house廠房profile外形，輪廓，剖面pulverized fuel ash(pfa)粉煤灰principal主要的prominent最杰出的passage通過pervious透水的place鋪筑，澆筑plant intensive機械化proportion配比preparation備倉perform實施precoolin

13、g 預冷postcooling 后冷pozzolans火山灰property性質paste binder砂漿，水泥漿prefabricated units預制構件part of a structure結構部位precast concrete預筑混凝土preassemble預先綁扎,預裝配permeability滲透性positive moment正彎矩preclude妨礙q:quartzite石英巖r:runoff徑流resettlement移民reservoir水庫retaining structure擋水建筑物rainfall降雨rainfall intensity降雨強度rigid da

14、m剛性壩r.c.c.（roller compacted concrete）碾壓混凝土rack（trash rack）進水口攔污柵rotor轉子rotate旋轉rubble碎石rockfill dam堆石壩radius半徑rarity罕見river diversion導流readily容易地rail有軌機車rapid placement using construction technique快速澆筑施工工藝relative proportion相對比例right angle直角s:strength強度sufficient足夠的storage capacity庫容saturation飽和slee

15、t雪籽,霰sublimation升華spillway溢洪道surge tank調壓室stator定子switchgear開關裝置switch yard 開關站slag礦渣structurally結構上的shell殼體結構seismic disturbance地震擾動stilling basin消力池shaft豎井,軸secondary次要的secondary dam副壩section壩段supporting shoulders (心墻上下游側的)壩殼slender薄的solid concrete structure實體砼結構site condition壩址條件slump坍落度spread攤鋪s

16、uccessive layer連續(xù)層spud-type vibrator插入式振搗器mould 鑄模，模具specimen試件simulate模擬sleeper枕木static ultimate極限靜荷載splitting tensile strength劈裂抗拉強度shear strength抗剪強度stirrup箍筋steelbars鋼筋stem from起源于stiffness剛度strain應變stress 應力shrinkage收縮subject受.的影響t:tracker(boat tracker) 纖夫turbid渾濁的transpiration蒸騰topography地形，地勢

17、tailwater尾水turbine渦輪transformer變壓器step-up升壓tailrace尾水渠transverse contraction joints橫縫thermal熱的term術語tensile stress拉應力tensile strength抗拉強度transverse bars橫向鋼筋longitudinal steel縱筋timber木材u:uniformly均一地utilize利用undergo 遭受，忍受，經(jīng)歷undesirable segregation and voids不理想的骨料分離和孔隙upstream上游的upstream face上游面v:variant變種volume of concrete混凝土的體積vertical垂直的vibration振搗vulnerability脆弱性vibratory rollers震動碾volume changes體積變化v