高中英語(yǔ)必修四第四單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、高中英語(yǔ)必修四第四單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)Unit four Earthquakes1. burst爆裂,突發(fā) The square is bursting with tourists. 廣場(chǎng)上到處都是游客。 I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.我覺(jué)得自己高興得心花怒放。 The police burst through the door. 警察破門(mén)而入。 There was a burst of laughter in the next room.隔壁房間里突然爆發(fā)出一陣笑聲。 聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：(1) burst in on突然打斷 He burst in on

2、 our conversation. 他突然打斷了我們的談話。(2) burst into +n. 突然 The speaker burst into angry speech. 演講者突然講粗話。(3) burst out + doing突然The woman burst out crying like a child. 那個(gè)婦女突然像小孩一樣哭了。(4) burst to do sth. 迫切想做某事 I am bursting to tell you the news. 我迫不及待的想告訴你這個(gè)消息。2. suffer 用法歸納： A, 受苦 He suffered terribly w

3、hen his mother died. B, 受到損失 If I lost, my self-esteem will suffer. C, 遭受 He suffered no pain 聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：suffer from 1、受之苦 I suffered most from lack of rest. 2、患病 I am suffering from a cold. 特別提示： suffer表示“患病”時(shí)，后面一般跟疾病名稱(chēng)。 _ such heavy pollution already , it may now be too late to clean up the river . A. H

4、aving suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered3. reach 用法歸納：（1）到達(dá) The started early, hoping to reach there before dark. 它們很早就出發(fā)，希望天黑前到達(dá)那里。 易混辨析： reach; get; arrive 到達(dá) reach后直接加地點(diǎn)； get加to再加地點(diǎn)；arrive后加at/ in再加地點(diǎn)，at 后加小地點(diǎn)；in后加大地點(diǎn)。如果表示地點(diǎn)的詞是副詞，get和arrive后都不能用介詞。另外，只表示“到了”，不強(qiáng)調(diào)到什么地方用arrive。 （2）達(dá)到 The

5、 number of the students in our school will reach 2000 next year. （）用手或腳夠到Can you reach the book on the top of the shelf? 你能夠到書(shū)架頂上的那本書(shū)嗎？特別提示：reach還可以作名詞，表示“用手或腳能夠到的范圍；管轄范圍或臂展”。Please pass me the salt, its out of my reach. 請(qǐng)把鹽遞給我，我夠不到。 （4）傳到某人手中/耳中Your letter reached me yesterday. 我昨天收到你的來(lái)信。The news r

6、eached me just now. 我剛剛聽(tīng)到那個(gè)消息。 （5）通向；延伸Where does this road reach? 這條路通向哪里？即時(shí)活用： 1、Most children stay at home until they _ school age.A. get B.come C. reach D. arrive 2、Dear Jenny, thank you for your letter which _ on April 1st.A. arrived B. arrived at C. arriving D. arrived me 3、It is _that the let

7、ter will _you this afternoon.A. most like; arriveB. likely; reach C. mostly like; getD. best like; reach4.cover （1）覆蓋 The playground is covered by fallen leaves, we should clean it. 特別提示： 表示“覆蓋”時(shí)，常用coverwith / by句型，并且譯法比較靈活。 I am covered by dust. 我滿(mǎn)身都是土。She covered her face with her hands. 她用雙手捂著臉。

8、（2）包括；包含；涉及 The study of physics covers many subjects. (3) 保護(hù)；掩護(hù)The mother covered the baby from the falling ceiling.母親保護(hù)嬰兒不受下落的天花板的傷害。 （4）走完多少路；看完多少頁(yè)書(shū)。 I can cover 100 Li on foot a day. 我一天不行能走100里。 How many pages have you covered? 你看完了多少頁(yè)書(shū)？ （5）占多大面積 Our school covers an area of 60.000 square meter

9、s. 我們學(xué)校占地60000平方米。 特別提示： 表示“占多大面積”用covers an area of +數(shù)詞。 （6）采訪 The chief editor sent a reporter to cover the event. 主編派了一記者去采訪整個(gè)事件。 1、The farm is huge, lying between the valleys, and _ an area of 15 square kilometers.A. covered B. being covered C. covering D. covers 2、This is a long hard winter, wi

10、th everything _ white.A. covered B. covered by C. covering D. covering with 3、This book is said to be a special one which _ many events not found in other history books. A. writes B. covers C. prints D. reads 4、This is a long hard winter, with everything _ white.A. covered B. covered by C. covering

11、D. covered with 5、The farm is huge, lying between the valleys, and _ an area of 15 square kilometers.A. covered B. being covered C. covering D. covers5. dig out挖出；發(fā)現(xiàn)；捐錢(qián)It is not easy to dig out the past. 發(fā)掘過(guò)去的歷史是不容易的。He was buried by an avalanche and had to be dug out. 他遇雪崩被埋住了，得把他挖出來(lái)。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：dig down

12、挖下 dig in 開(kāi)始細(xì)致的工作 dig at 挖苦；嘲笑某人 dig deep 挖深；挖出來(lái)dig for 發(fā)掘；搜集 dig into 鉆研 dig up 掘起；挖出6. 表示方位的介詞 in / on / to / off用法歸納： （1）in 表示在范圍里的某個(gè)方向Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中國(guó)的東部。(2) on表示接壤Canada is on the north of the USA. 加拿大在美國(guó)北邊。(3) to表示不在范圍里，也不接壤Japan lies to the east of China. 日本在中國(guó)東邊。特別提示：上

13、邊的句子可以改寫(xiě)為：Japan lies east of China.或者 East of China lies Japan.改正過(guò)的句子省略了介詞to，原因在于表示方向的名詞還可以作副詞，表示“在什么方向”或“去什么方向”。(4) off 表示A. 在范圍里但不接壤（多指各國(guó)的島嶼）Taiwan is off the east of China. 臺(tái)灣在中國(guó)的東部。B. 在離不遠(yuǎn)處My house is off the main road. 我家離大路不遠(yuǎn)。1、Taiwan lies_ the southeast of Fujian, which is _ southeast of Chin

14、a. A. in; on B. to; in C. on; in D. to; on 2、They traveled _, all the way up to Wisconsin .A. the north B. in the north C. north D. the south7. keep / stop /preventfrom doing 防止 /阻止發(fā)生What prevented you from coming on time? 什么事情使你沒(méi)有按時(shí)到？主動(dòng)句中，stop和prevent 后的from可以省略，keep后的from不能省略。被動(dòng)句中，三個(gè)詞后面的from都不能省略。

15、即時(shí)活用：It seems very difficult _.A. to stop the child to cry B. preventing the child cryingC. to keep the child from crying D. holding the childs crying8. make sure = be sure (1) + to do 一定；務(wù)必Be sure to come on time this afternoon. 下午一定要按時(shí)到。 (2) + of + n. 把弄確切I know there is a train to Beijing tonight

16、, but you should make sure of the time. (3) + that從句We are sure that China will become a strong and powerful country.be sure / make sure to do = be certain to do be sure / make sure of + n. = be certain of + n.be sure / make sure + that = be certain + that當(dāng)be sure / make sure + that時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)必須是人；而be c

17、ertain + that時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)用it。1、It is _ that they both have the greatest respect for each other. A. certain B. sure C. certainly D. surely2、-Henry, _ the light is _ when you leave the lab. -All right. A. be sure; turned down B. make sure; turned off C. sure; turn off D. make sure; turning off9. protect vt

18、. 保護(hù) （1）protect sth. To protect the environment, we should drive less. 為了保護(hù)環(huán)境，我們應(yīng)該少開(kāi)車(chē)。（2）protect sth. / sb. from + n.You should wear a pair of dark glasses to protect your eyes from the snow. （3）protect sb. / sth. from doing Ge You speaks carefully in public to protect himself from being hurt.（4）pro

19、tect A against B The tree belts can protect this area against shifting sand. 1、He raised both his arms to protect his face _ the ball. A. from B. for C. with D. to 2、At the meeting, we reached a conclusion that we should do what we could _ the Yellow River from being further polluted. A. to protect

20、B. protecting C. protect D. protected 3、Youd better wear your sunglasses to protect your eyes _ the sun.A. from B. with C. in D. under10.There is no + doing 是不可能的There is no knowing how old he is. 不知道他多大。There is no persuading him to give up his idea. 不可能說(shuō)服他放棄他的觀點(diǎn)。11、大量的修飾不可數(shù)名次 a great / good deal /

21、 a large amount of / much修飾可數(shù)名次 many / a number of / a great(good) many即可修飾可數(shù)名次也可修飾不可數(shù)名次 plenty of / a lot of / lots of / a large quantity of / quantities of / a mass of / masses of1、I spent _ of my time in this work.A. a plenty B. a good many C. a good deal D. great deal 2、How many books does he ha

22、ve - He possesses _them.A. plenty of B. very much C. a great deal D. an amount ofThose who welcomed the railway saw it as more than a rapid and comfortable means of passing. They actually saw it as afactor in world peace. They did not foresee that the railway would be just one more means for the rap

23、id movement of aggressive armies. None of them foresaw that the more weare together-the more chances there are of war. Any boy or girl who is one of a large family knows that.Whenever any new invention is put forward, those for it and those against it can always find medical men to approve or condem

24、n. The anti-railway group produced doctors who said that tunnels would be most dangerous to public health: they would produce colds, catarrhs （粘膜炎） and consumptions. The deafening noise and the glare of the engine fire, would have a bad effect on the nerves. Further, being moved through the air at a

25、 high speed would do grave injury to delicate lungs. In those with high blood-pressure, the movement of the train might produce apoplexy （中風(fēng)）. The sudden plunging of a train into the darkness of a tunnel, and the equally sudden rush into full daylight, would cause great damage to eyesight. But the p

26、ro-railway group was of course able to produce equally famous medical men to say just the opposite. They said that the speed and swing of the train would equalize the circulation, promote digestion, tranquilize the nerves, and ensure good sleep.The actual rolling-stock was anything but comfortable.

27、If it was a test of endurance to sit for four hours outside a coach in rain, or inside in dirty air, the railway offered little more in the way of comfort. Certainly the first-class carriages had cushioned seats; but the second-class had only narrow bare boards, while the third-class had nothing at

28、all; no seats and no roof; they were just open trucks. So that third-class passengers gained nothing from the few mode except speed. In the matter of comfort, indeed they lost; they did, on the coaches, have a seat, but now they had to stand all the way, which gave opportunities to the comic （滑稽的） p

29、ress. This kind of thing: A man was seen yesterday buying a third-class ticket for the new London and Birmingham Railway. The state of his mind is being enquired into.A writer in the early days of railways wrote feelingly of both second-and third-class carriages. He made the suggestion that the dire

30、ctors of the railways must have sent all over the world to find the hardest possible wood. Of the open third-class trucks he said that they had the peculiar property of meeting the rain from whatever quarter it came. He described them as horizontal shower-baths, from whose searching power there was

31、no escape.16. All boys and girls in large families know that.A) a boy and a girl usually fight when they are together B）people tend to be together more than they used to be C）a lot of people being together makes fights likely D）Railway leads the world to peace17. According to those who welcomed the

32、railway, the railway itself should include all the following except.A）the railway enables people travel fast B）the railway brings comfort to people C）the railway makes the world peaceful D）the railway leads the world to war as well.18. According to the anti-railway group, all the followings are true but.A）tunnels are dangerous to public health B）the noise and the glare of the engine fire may affect peoples nerves C）the rapid speed through the air does damage to peoples lungs D）to those with high blood-