標準語音語調

1、英語國際音標表英語國際音標表（48個）個）元音元音單元音 長元音 /i:/ /:/ /u:/ /:/ /:/ 短元音 / / / / / /e/ / 雙元音 合口雙元音 /e/ /a/ / / /a/集中雙元音 / /e/ / 輔音輔音輕輔音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ / /s/ 濁輔音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ / /z/ 輕輔音/ts/ / /t/ /tr/ /h/ 濁輔音/dz/ / /d/ /dr/ /r/鼻音 /m/ /n/ / 半元音 /w/j/ 邊音/ 腹腔腹腔胸腔胸腔喉腔喉腔口腔口腔鼻腔鼻腔突破一：短元音短促有力突破一：短元音短促有力verylittlelivewi

2、tharrivedriverforgetformergoodlookwoolbookkdoglotsonghotlovetrustundertruckbestnevereggsetmadapplemanstandGood cookies could be cooked by a good cook if a good cook could cook good cookies.突破二：突破二：/ 咬舌咬舌thank thinkthiefthirdsouthmonthleatherthatthusthesethanthereThe thirty-three thieves thought that

3、they thrilled the throne throughout Thursday突破三：突破三：/v/ /f/ 咬唇咬唇veryvisitvalidvoteovervasteveryfingerwifelifebeeffamefatefacevery goodThank you very much突破四：長元音、雙元音夸張飽滿突破四：長元音、雙元音夸張飽滿eat girl food form farmname bike boy know how dear various poorNo need to light a night light on a lightnight like to

4、night突破五：突破五：s, sh She sells seashells,By the seashore.The shells she sells,Are surely seashells.So if she sells shells,On the seashore,Im sure she sells,Seashore shells.laisionassimilationloss of plosionintonation連讀連讀同化同化失去爆破失去爆破語調語調在一個意群（意思密切相關的一組詞）中，在一個意群（意思密切相關的一組詞）中，如果前一個詞如果前一個詞 以輔音結尾，后一個詞以元音以輔

5、音結尾，后一個詞以元音開頭，這兩個音可連起來讀，這種現(xiàn)象叫做開頭，這兩個音可連起來讀，這種現(xiàn)象叫做連讀。用符號連讀。用符號“ ”表示。表示。連讀 This is an English book. an hour Wait for a moment. one of us Come in , please. in England Look at the blackboard. a kind of Please take it away. 同化Assimilation is the process of substitutingone phoneme by another or turning tw

6、o neighbouring phonemes into a new one under the influence of the surrounding sound.It is very common in colloquial and dialected English.The cause of this processis to save effort and make short cuts.順同化順同化逆同化逆同化相互同化相互同化bagbags locklockednewsnewspaperthis yearwould youcant youcupboardas usualbless

7、you 失去爆破一個爆破音后面緊接著另一個爆破音時第一一個爆破音后面緊接著另一個爆破音時第一個爆破音不發(fā)生爆破，亦即只由有關發(fā)音器個爆破音不發(fā)生爆破，亦即只由有關發(fā)音器官做好這個音的發(fā)音姿勢，稍停隨即發(fā)后面官做好這個音的發(fā)音姿勢，稍停隨即發(fā)后面的爆破音，這種現(xiàn)象稱為失去爆破。如的爆破音，這種現(xiàn)象稱為失去爆破。如 ：Sit down ! a notebook a blackboardworkplace 爆破音后面緊跟著摩擦音或破擦音時，爆破音后面緊跟著摩擦音或破擦音時，有爆破但十分輕微。如有爆破但十分輕微。如：picture a good student 爆破音在鼻輔音和邊輔音前面有輕微的爆破音

8、在鼻輔音和邊輔音前面有輕微的爆破。如爆破。如：Good morningComrade LeeGood night.語調降調降調升調升調句子末尾語調下降的叫降調。句子末尾語調下降的叫降調。陳述句陳述句 、祈使句、感嘆句、特殊疑、祈使句、感嘆句、特殊疑問句、問句、 部分反意疑問句均用降調部分反意疑問句均用降調。句子末尾語調上升的叫升調。句子末尾語調上升的叫升調。一般疑問句、選擇疑問句or前部分、主句前的從句、主語前的狀語、主句前的從句、主語前的狀語、并列成分and前部分、表示道歉和請求的、表示道歉和請求的句子均用聲調。句子均用聲調。降調用于肯定用于肯定句My name is Bill.This i

9、s our desk.The air in the city is very dirty. 用于特殊疑問句用于特殊疑問句句What is your name? How old is the man? How long have you studied English?用于祈使用于祈使句Go back to your seat! 用于感嘆用于感嘆句What a small world! 用于用于選擇疑問句中選擇疑問句中“or”之后的部分句Do you want to ride or walk?升調用于一般疑問句用于一般疑問句Can you hear me? Can you speak it ?Have you seen that film?For each incomplete sentence, there are four choices marked A , B , C , and D. We study Chinese , history , geography , and English. 用于用于羅列中最后一項之前的各項羅列中最后一項之前的各項用于用于置于句首的狀語短語或狀語從句置于句首的狀語短語或狀語從句After dinner , I read a magazine and made telephone c