高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)-短文改錯(cuò)

1、主講：賀如玉主講：賀如玉授課班級(jí)：高授課班級(jí)：高2015屆屆7班班Teaching goals 考綱解讀考綱解讀 命題分析命題分析 解題方法的指導(dǎo)解題方法的指導(dǎo)短文改錯(cuò)短文改錯(cuò)考綱解讀考綱解讀備考策略備考策略命題分析命題分析解題步驟解題步驟20152015年考試大綱要求年考試大綱要求 本題給出一篇約本題給出一篇約100100個(gè)單詞的短文，個(gè)單詞的短文，文中有文中有1010處錯(cuò)誤，錯(cuò)誤類型包括詞法、處錯(cuò)誤，錯(cuò)誤類型包括詞法、句法、行文邏輯等。要求考生對(duì)每個(gè)句句法、行文邏輯等。要求考生對(duì)每個(gè)句子進(jìn)行判斷，如有錯(cuò)即將其改正。子進(jìn)行判斷，如有錯(cuò)即將其改正。題型解讀題型解讀 高考短文改錯(cuò)是知識(shí)和能力的綜

2、合性測(cè)高考短文改錯(cuò)是知識(shí)和能力的綜合性測(cè)試題型，旨在考查考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷、糾試題型，旨在考查考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷、糾正語(yǔ)篇錯(cuò)誤的能力以及在語(yǔ)篇中綜合運(yùn)正語(yǔ)篇錯(cuò)誤的能力以及在語(yǔ)篇中綜合運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的能力。用英語(yǔ)的能力。 它是專門針對(duì)考生在寫作訓(xùn)練中常犯的它是專門針對(duì)考生在寫作訓(xùn)練中常犯的較為普遍的錯(cuò)誤而設(shè)計(jì)的。它既考查各較為普遍的錯(cuò)誤而設(shè)計(jì)的。它既考查各方面的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，又考查綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言方面的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，又考查綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力，包括寫作能力，對(duì)考生能力的的能力，包括寫作能力，對(duì)考生能力的要求非常高。要求非常高。命題分析命題分析 文體：文體：記敘文記敘文為主為主 句子結(jié)構(gòu)：句子結(jié)構(gòu)：簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句為主，為主，復(fù)

3、合句復(fù)合句和和并列句并列句并重并重 錯(cuò)誤形式：錯(cuò)誤形式：錯(cuò)詞、缺詞、多詞錯(cuò)詞、缺詞、多詞 錯(cuò)誤類型：錯(cuò)誤類型：詞法、句法、語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)、行文邏輯詞法、句法、語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)、行文邏輯五年高考課標(biāo)卷短文改錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)分布統(tǒng)計(jì)表五年高考課標(biāo)卷短文改錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)分布統(tǒng)計(jì)表動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞名詞名詞連詞連詞形容形容詞詞副詞副詞代詞代詞冠詞冠詞介詞介詞201020102 22 21 11 10 01 11 12 2201120113 32 21 11 11 10 01 11 1201220124 42 20 00 01 12 20 01 1201320132 21 12 20 02 21 11 11 1201420141 11 10 0

4、3 33 30 01 11 1考點(diǎn)題量年份解題步驟解題步驟 1.瀏覽全文，理解大意瀏覽全文，理解大意2.先易后難，各個(gè)擊破先易后難，各個(gè)擊破3.還原檢查，查缺補(bǔ)漏還原檢查，查缺補(bǔ)漏Step 1 瀏覽全文，理解大意瀏覽全文，理解大意 以以句子句子為單位，讀到為單位，讀到句號(hào)句號(hào)為止。為止。 要注意行首與行尾之間的關(guān)系以及上下要注意行首與行尾之間的關(guān)系以及上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系。文之間的邏輯關(guān)系。Step 2 先易后難，各個(gè)擊破先易后難，各個(gè)擊破 注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，習(xí)慣用法、固注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配是否正確定搭配是否正確,上下文邏輯是否合理，上下文邏輯是否合理，主謂是否一致，時(shí)

5、態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)是否正確，主謂是否一致，時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)是否正確，冠詞、代詞、連詞、形容詞、副詞以及冠詞、代詞、連詞、形容詞、副詞以及關(guān)系詞的使用是否得當(dāng)。關(guān)系詞的使用是否得當(dāng)。 一些邏輯錯(cuò)誤必須聯(lián)系上下文才能發(fā)現(xiàn)，一些邏輯錯(cuò)誤必須聯(lián)系上下文才能發(fā)現(xiàn)，因此要注重上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，不要只因此要注重上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，不要只從一個(gè)單句來(lái)考慮。從一個(gè)單句來(lái)考慮。Step 3 還原檢查，查缺補(bǔ)漏還原檢查，查缺補(bǔ)漏 把改過(guò)后的詞語(yǔ)放入短文中，再?gòu)念^到把改過(guò)后的詞語(yǔ)放入短文中，再?gòu)念^到尾看一遍，從語(yǔ)法、語(yǔ)意和邏輯關(guān)系等尾看一遍，從語(yǔ)法、語(yǔ)意和邏輯關(guān)系等方面檢查、驗(yàn)證。查看改正后是否能使方面檢查、驗(yàn)證。查看改正后是否能使語(yǔ)

6、句通順、時(shí)態(tài)一致、合乎邏輯。不通語(yǔ)句通順、時(shí)態(tài)一致、合乎邏輯。不通順之處，要仔細(xì)推敲，使答案更加準(zhǔn)確。順之處，要仔細(xì)推敲，使答案更加準(zhǔn)確。 此外，一定要特別注意符號(hào)的準(zhǔn)確性。此外，一定要特別注意符號(hào)的準(zhǔn)確性。解題時(shí)必須根據(jù)試題的要求，使用解題時(shí)必須根據(jù)試題的要求，使用規(guī)范規(guī)范的符號(hào)的符號(hào)。解題策略解題策略 名詞的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)單復(fù)數(shù)用錯(cuò)用錯(cuò) 可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的混用的混用1.名詞名詞1). Weve called several time about Cleos early morning barking.(2014.遼寧遼寧)2). Now people get a lo

7、t of informations from the Internet.timesinformation2.冠詞冠詞 a與與an的誤用的誤用 a/an與與the 的誤用的誤用 名詞前冠詞的缺失及誤加冠詞的問(wèn)名詞前冠詞的缺失及誤加冠詞的問(wèn)題題 1) As result, the plants are growing everywhere. (2014. 新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I) 2) Tomorrow is first day of school.(2013.浙浙江江) 3) Music and songs play a important part in our daily life.at

8、hean3.代詞代詞 各種形式的代詞之間的混用各種形式的代詞之間的混用 ItIt作形式主語(yǔ)、形式賓語(yǔ)或指代時(shí)錯(cuò)用作形式主語(yǔ)、形式賓語(yǔ)或指代時(shí)錯(cuò)用或遺漏或遺漏 關(guān)系代詞的誤用關(guān)系代詞的誤用 1) The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. 2）Besides, car drivers should obey the traffic rules, that is both good for themselves and others.theirwhich4.形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞 形容詞和副詞之間的誤用形容詞和副詞之間的誤用 形容詞、副詞形容

9、詞、副詞比較級(jí)比較級(jí)的誤用的誤用 1) I am awfully tiring, but I know Ill never fall asleep. 2) My handwriting is not good than yours. 3) I would like to thank them for being such wonderfully people.tiredbetterwonderful5.介詞和介詞短語(yǔ)介詞和介詞短語(yǔ) 介詞的介詞的多余、缺失或錯(cuò)用多余、缺失或錯(cuò)用 介詞與動(dòng)詞介詞與動(dòng)詞搭配錯(cuò)誤搭配錯(cuò)誤 1) With the help by our father, my siste

10、r and I planted some cherry tomatoes in our back garden. 2) She got the job because of she was the best candidate.of6.連詞連詞 邏輯關(guān)系錯(cuò)誤邏輯關(guān)系錯(cuò)誤 從句連接詞錯(cuò)誤從句連接詞錯(cuò)誤 1）I wanted to give up, and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. 2）Before waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatient.

11、 3）He came to tell us that he had seen here.butwhatAfter7.動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和和語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)誤用誤用 及物動(dòng)詞與不及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞與不及物動(dòng)詞搭配錯(cuò)誤搭配錯(cuò)誤 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式錯(cuò)誤形式錯(cuò)誤( (現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的混用詞的混用) ) 1) I was only four when she passes away. 2) The bike outside is belonged to him. 3) It is difficult to understanding why she barks every m

12、inute shes outside. 4) Im looking forward to see you again.passedunderstandseeing8.句子結(jié)構(gòu)及固定搭配句子結(jié)構(gòu)及固定搭配 1) He was just about to get on the bus while he heard someone calling him. 2) Suddenly, I caught a sight of my old friend in the crowd.when Mr. Johnson is a hardworking teacher. Every day, he spends

13、 too much time with his work. With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morning till night. Hard work have made him very ill. “ He has ruined his healthy. We are worried about him.” That is which other teachers say. Yesterday afternoon, I paid visit to Mr. Johnson. I was eager to see

14、him, but outside her room I stopped. I had to calm myself down. Quietly I step into the room. I saw him lying in bed, looking at some of the picture we had taken together. I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him. Mr. Johnson is a hardworking teacher. Every day, he spends too muc

15、h time with his work. With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morning till night. on Hard work have made him very ill. “ He has ruined his healthy. We are worried about him.” That is which other teachers say. hashealthwhat Yesterday afternoon, I paid visit to Mr. Johnson. I was eager to see him, but outside her room I stopped. I had to calm myself down. hisa Quietly I step into the room. I saw him lying in bed, looking at some