環(huán)境科學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)01

1、環(huán)境科學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)環(huán)境科學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)新技術(shù)學(xué)院生物化學(xué)系1.Symbiotic relationship 共生關(guān)系Symbiotic adj. 生態(tài) 共生的；共棲的Relationship n. 關(guān)系；關(guān)聯(lián)blood relationship血緣；血緣關(guān)系；血統(tǒng)；法 血緣相關(guān)marketing relationship營(yíng)銷(xiāo)關(guān)系；客戶關(guān)系Internal Relationship公司內(nèi)部關(guān)系；內(nèi)部關(guān)系Eg. A good relationship is built on trust.一種好的關(guān)系是以信任為基礎(chǔ)的。2.In response to societys demands 響應(yīng)社會(huì)的需要In

2、response to響應(yīng)；回答；對(duì)有反應(yīng)Eg. Some people have even committed suicide or homicide in response to rejection.一些人甚至曾以自殺或殺人來(lái)回應(yīng)被拋棄的現(xiàn)實(shí)。3.Addressvt. 演說(shuō)；從事；忙于；寫(xiě)姓名地址；向致辭n. 地址；演講；致辭；說(shuō)話的技巧permanent address 永久地址；永久通信地址；永世地址present address 目前地址；現(xiàn)在通訊地址；現(xiàn)住址Address Book 地址簿；通訊簿；通訊錄；地址名冊(cè)管理Eg. He wrote down my address, so

3、 that he might remember it.他寫(xiě)下了我的地址，以便能夠記住它。4.Field of environmental engineering 環(huán)境工程領(lǐng)域Fieldn. 領(lǐng)域；牧場(chǎng)；曠野；戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)；運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)vi. 擔(dān)任場(chǎng)外隊(duì)員adj. 掃描場(chǎng)；田賽的；野生的vt. 把暴曬于場(chǎng)上；使上場(chǎng)Eg.After years of hard work, she has finally arrived in her field.經(jīng)過(guò)多年的努力工作之后她終于在她的領(lǐng)域功成名就了。5.Influxn. 流入；匯集；河流的匯集處influx carrier輸入載體Population influx人

4、群涌入Eg. In 2007, thousands of local workers clashed with police while protesting the influx of foreign labor.2007年，數(shù)千名本地工人在抗議外地勞工涌入時(shí)和警察發(fā)生了沖突。6.Complement each other 互相補(bǔ)充Complementn. 補(bǔ)語(yǔ)；余角；補(bǔ)足物vt. 補(bǔ)足，補(bǔ)助Eg. The aim of this section is to consolidate and complement the earlier discussions.本部分的目的是對(duì)這些早期的討論進(jìn)

5、行整合和補(bǔ)充。7.In relation to 關(guān)于n. 關(guān)系；敘述；故事；親屬關(guān)系social relation 社會(huì)關(guān)系personal relation 人身關(guān)系；人際關(guān)系structural relation 結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系；結(jié)構(gòu)可還原性條件Eg. Their relation doesnt struggle on any more.他們之間的關(guān)系再也維持不下去了。8.Environmental matter 環(huán)境事務(wù)Mattern. 物質(zhì)；原因；事件vi. 有關(guān)系；要緊Eg. Matter exists in three states: solid, liquid and gas.物質(zhì)以三

6、種形態(tài)存在: 固態(tài)、 液態(tài)和氣態(tài)。9.Materials of constructions 建筑材料Constructionn. 建設(shè)；建筑物；解釋?zhuān)辉炀鋍onstruction project 建設(shè)項(xiàng)目；建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目；建 建設(shè)工程；施工項(xiàng)目Eg. The local government raised large sums for highway construction.地方政府為建設(shè)公路籌措了巨額款項(xiàng).10.Hydraulicsn. 水力學(xué)Eg. The design of engineering works requires the application of design theo

7、ry from many fields (e. g. , hydraulics, thermodynamics, nuclear physics).工程設(shè)計(jì)的工作需要應(yīng)用許多方面的設(shè)計(jì)理論（如水力學(xué)、熱力學(xué)和核物理等）。11.Wastewater collection and treatment 廢水收集和處理Collectionn. 采集，聚集；稅收 征收；收藏品；募捐data collection計(jì) 數(shù)據(jù)收集；計(jì) 數(shù)據(jù)采集Garbage Collection垃圾收集；垃圾回收tax collection稅收；征稅；稅務(wù)征繳Eg. This collection is made up of

8、three parts: poems, essays and short stories.這本集子是由詩(shī)、散文和短篇小說(shuō)三部分組合而成的。12.Water distribution 水的分配Distributionn. 分布；分配Uniform distribution統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù) 均勻分布Gaussian distribution高斯分布；正態(tài)分布；高斯漫衍Eg. The principle of distribution in socialist society is “from each according to his ability” and “to each according to h

9、is work”.社會(huì)主義的分配原則是“各盡所能”， “按勞分配”。13.Senioradj. 高級(jí)的；年長(zhǎng)的；地位較高的；年資較深的n. 上司；較年長(zhǎng)者；畢業(yè)班學(xué)生Senior Consultant 高級(jí)顧問(wèn)；專(zhuān)業(yè)顧問(wèn)；專(zhuān)業(yè)參謀；高級(jí)咨詢師Senior Clerk 高級(jí)文員；組員；職員Eg. My brother is senior to me by two years.家兄比我年長(zhǎng)兩歲。14.Rural and municipal sanitation 農(nóng)村和城市衛(wèi)生設(shè)備Rural adj. 農(nóng)村的，鄉(xiāng)下的；田園的，有鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)味的rural area 農(nóng)村；農(nóng) 農(nóng)村地區(qū)；鄉(xiāng)郊地區(qū)；鄉(xiāng)村Rur

10、al areas 農(nóng)村地區(qū)；農(nóng)村；鄉(xiāng)村；鄉(xiāng)下Rural Tourism 鄉(xiāng)村旅游；農(nóng)家樂(lè)；鄉(xiāng)野觀光；村旅游Eg. These works have a strong flavor of rural life.這些作品具有濃郁的農(nóng)村生活氣息。Municipaladj. 市政的，市的；地方自治的Municipal Engineering 建 市政工程；建 城市工程municipal bonds 市政債券；政府債券library municipal 市圖書(shū)館；市藏書(shū)樓Eg. The cities use these funds for education, police and fire depar

11、tments, public works and municipal buildings.城市將這些資金用于教育、警察和消防部門(mén)、公共設(shè)施及市政建設(shè)。15.Vector borne disease 媒介傳染疾病Vectorn. 矢量；帶菌者；航線vt. 用無(wú)線電導(dǎo)航Eg.The key to understanding this all is vector arithmetic.理解這一切的關(guān)鍵在于向量算術(shù)。16.General public health 公眾健康17.Municipal waste 城市廢物18.Deemvt. 認(rèn)為，視作；相信vi. 認(rèn)為，持某種看法；作某種評(píng)價(jià)Eg.I

12、deem it advisable to buy property now.我認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在購(gòu)置房地產(chǎn)是明智的。19.Available technologies 可用技術(shù)Available adj. 有效的，可得的；可利用的；空閑的available material良品可使用；可用材料；可用物料Date Available有效日期；可到職日期available income經(jīng) 可用收益；經(jīng) 可用收入Eg. We must utilize all available resources.我們必須利用可以得到的一切資源。20.Pertain to 關(guān)于；從屬于；適合pertain to sth與有關(guān)

13、To pertain to屬于Eg. However, this technology does pertain to a different target audience of decision makers.然而，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)卻很適合決策者的不同對(duì)象。21.Backgroundn. 背景；隱蔽的位置vt. 作的背景adj. 背景的；發(fā)布背景材料的educational background 教育程度；教育背景；學(xué)歷background music 背景音樂(lè)Education Background 教育背景；學(xué)歷背景；學(xué)歷Eg. I think my background meets the

14、requirement of this position.我想我的背景符合這份工作的要求。22.Aversionn. 厭惡；討厭的人Eg.Loss aversion, or the reluctance to accept a loss, can be deadly.厭惡損失或者是不愿意接受損失都是致命的缺點(diǎn)。23.Unit operation 單元操作Operationn. 操作；經(jīng)營(yíng)；外科 手術(shù)；數(shù)計(jì) 運(yùn)算Operation System操作系統(tǒng)；作業(yè)系統(tǒng)；計(jì) 運(yùn)行系統(tǒng)Operation Principle經(jīng)營(yíng)理念；工作原理；運(yùn)營(yíng)理念Eg. The operation was a marv

15、el of medical skill.這次手術(shù)是醫(yī)術(shù)上的一個(gè)奇跡。24.Process kinetics 過(guò)程動(dòng)力學(xué)Kineticsn. 力 動(dòng)力學(xué)Eg. So now were going to connect kinetics and thermodynamics.所以現(xiàn)在我們要把動(dòng)力學(xué),和熱力學(xué)聯(lián)系起來(lái)。25.Chemical theory 化學(xué)理論Chemicaln. 化學(xué)制品，化學(xué)藥品adj. 化學(xué)的chemical analysis 分化 化學(xué)成分分析；分化 化學(xué)分析法Chemical Abstracts化學(xué)文摘；美國(guó)化學(xué)文摘；Eg. Some kinds of acids re

16、act on metals to cause chemical changes.有幾種酸對(duì)金屬起作用，會(huì)引起化學(xué)變化。Theoryn. 理論；原理；學(xué)說(shuō)；推測(cè)Probability Theory 概率論；機(jī)率論system theory 系統(tǒng)論；系統(tǒng)理論Management Theory 管理學(xué)；管理理論Eg. This scientist has put forth a new theory in his research field.這位科學(xué)家在他的研究領(lǐng)域提出了一種新理論。26.Process control 過(guò)程控制Controln. 控制；管理；抑制；操縱裝置vt. 控制；管理；抑制

17、Eg. Many people fail in life not because of external forces that are beyond their control, but because of the decisions and views they hold about themselves and the world around them.許多人生活過(guò)得很不好不是由于超出他們所能控制的外部壓力，而是由于他們的決定和觀點(diǎn)來(lái)抑制他們自己和他們周?chē)氖澜纭?7.Process scale-up 過(guò)程放大Scale-upn. 擴(kuò)大；統(tǒng)計(jì) 按比例增加scale-up method

18、 等比擴(kuò)大方法scale-up effect 比例放大效應(yīng)Eg. The next logical step, she said, is for the government to boost the scale-up process.她認(rèn)為，對(duì)政府而言，下一步應(yīng)該做的就是加快整個(gè)進(jìn)程的擴(kuò)大。28.Facet fst; -et n. 面；方面；小平面vt. 在上琢面Eg. After setting the daily tasks for each facet, all you need to do is ensuring that you do them.在制定各個(gè)方面的各項(xiàng)任務(wù)之后，你所需

19、要做的就是確保你會(huì)完成所有。29.Mass and materials balance 物料平衡Massn. 塊，團(tuán)；群眾，民眾；大量，眾多adj. 群眾的，民眾的；大規(guī)模的，集中的vi. 聚集起來(lái)，聚集vt. 使集合Eg. And in that time, there will be no global war, no mass starvation.到那時(shí)，將不再有全球性的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，不再有眾多的人挨餓。Balancen. 平衡；余額；勻稱vt. 使平衡；結(jié)算；使相稱vi. 保持平衡；相稱；抵銷(xiāo)balance beam 平衡木； 建 平衡梁heat balance 熱平衡；熱量平衡To coo

20、l herself and regain mental balance she went out of the room and had a walk in the garden.為了使自己冷靜下來(lái)并重新得到心理上的平衡，她走出室外去花園散步。30.Leakagen. 泄漏；滲漏物；漏出量Leakn. 泄漏；漏洞，裂縫vt. 使?jié)B漏，泄露vi. 漏，滲；泄漏出去leak out泄露；走漏；泄漏；漏出Eg. The roof has a bad leak,and the rain is leaking in.屋頂有個(gè)大漏洞，雨水漏進(jìn)來(lái)了。31.Initiate net vt. 開(kāi)始，創(chuàng)始；發(fā)起；

21、使初步了解n. 開(kāi)始；新加入者，接受初步知識(shí)者adj. 新加入的；接受初步知識(shí)的initiate start 開(kāi)始；引發(fā)Strongly initiate 大力倡導(dǎo)32.Raw materials substitution 原料替代Rawadj. 生的；未加工的；陰冷的；刺痛的；擦掉皮的；無(wú)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；（在藝術(shù)等方面）不成熟的n. 擦傷處vt. 擦傷raw water 未經(jīng)凈化水；未凈化的水raw sewage 原污水；未經(jīng)處理的污水Eg. He doesnt eat raw garlic.他吃不來(lái)生蒜。Substitutionn. 代替；數(shù) 置換；代替物substitution effect 替

22、代效應(yīng)；替代效果substitution method 數(shù) 替代法；數(shù) 置換法substituten. 代用品；代替者vi. 替代vt. 代替Substitute Fuel代用燃料；代用汽油；替代燃diamond substitute鉆石代用品；金剛石代用品33.Production process modification 生產(chǎn)工藝改進(jìn)Modificationn. 修改，修正；改變Eg.With some modification, this method can be directly utilized by test organizations.通過(guò)一些修改，這個(gè)方法可以直接被測(cè)試組織所

23、利用。Modifyvt. 修改，修飾；更改vi. 修改Eg.We had to slightly modify the original design.我們不得不對(duì)原來(lái)的設(shè)計(jì)稍加修改。34.Inevitableadj. 必然的，不可避免的Inevitable Accident 保險(xiǎn) 不可避免的事故Inevitable trend 必然趨勢(shì)Eg. These comments and criticism are inevitable and not at all surprising.這些評(píng)論和批評(píng)是必然的，并不令人感到奇怪。35.Spray drying 噴霧干燥Sprayn. 噴霧；噴霧器；

24、水沫vt. 噴射vi. 噴spray dryer 機(jī) 噴霧干燥器；有機(jī)溶劑噴霧干燥器Bug Spray 殺蟲(chóng)劑；蟲(chóng)噴霧Eg. This spray will finish off the insects.這些噴霧劑能殺死這些蟲(chóng)子。36.Activated carbon 活性炭Activatedadj. 活性化的；活潑的v. 使激活；使活動(dòng)起來(lái)；有生氣（activate的過(guò)去分詞）activated atom 活化原子；激活原子activated state 物化 活化態(tài)；躍遷態(tài)；激活態(tài)In order to do this you need to ensure the server view

25、is activated.為了進(jìn)行這些操作您需要確保服務(wù)器窗口是激活的。37.Membrane membrenn. 膜；薄膜；羊皮紙plasma membrane 細(xì)胞質(zhì)膜；細(xì)胞膜；原生質(zhì)膜membrane protein 生化 膜蛋白；生化 膜蛋白質(zhì)Eg. It means that if I have a biological cell, or some container with a membrane through which one of the constituents might pass.它的意思是如果我有一個(gè)生物細(xì)胞，或帶膜的容器,其中一種組分可以通過(guò)這層膜。38.Reve

26、rse osmosis zmss 逆滲透；反滲透reversen. 背面；相反；倒退；失敗vt. 顛倒；倒轉(zhuǎn)adj. 反面的；顛倒的；籃球反身的vi. 倒退；橋牌逆叫Eg.But globalization, with all its problems, will have to go on as a driving force. You cannot reverse it.盡管有所有的這些問(wèn)題，但全球化浪潮作為一股驅(qū)動(dòng)力將會(huì)繼續(xù)發(fā)展下去，不可逆轉(zhuǎn)。osmosis zmssn. 物 滲透；物 滲透性；滲透作用electric osmosis電滲透；電滲析Eg. This process is

27、called osmosis, and it can be deadly for bacteria and mold.這一過(guò)程被稱為“滲透作用”。 對(duì)細(xì)菌和霉菌來(lái)說(shuō)，這可能是致命的。39.Ultrafiltration n. 化學(xué) 超濾，環(huán)境 超濾作用ultrafiltration apparatus 化工 超濾設(shè)備ultrafiltration membranes 超濾膜ultrafiltration monitor 超濾監(jiān)測(cè)器Eg. Membrane technologies consist of a group of treatment processes which include r

28、everse osmosis, nanofiltration and ultrafiltration.膜技術(shù)由一系列的處理程序組成，其中包含反滲透，納濾和超濾。40.Hyperfiltration 超過(guò)濾、超濾n. 化學(xué) 超過(guò)濾；反滲透法41.Electrolysis ,lektrlss n. 化學(xué) 電解，化學(xué) 電解作用electrolysis treatment 電解處理electrolysis shop 電解車(chē)間Eg. Water can be reduced to oxygen and hydrogen by electrolysis.水通過(guò)電解可以分解為氧和氫。42.Electrodialysis ,lektrdalss electrodialysis set電滲析器electrodialysis proce