中考英語語法被動語態(tài)精講與精練

1、.中考被動語態(tài)講練英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。 1.當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者, 2. 或者只需強調(diào)動作的承受者時，要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：be + 過去分詞(PP) + (by )在改寫中應(yīng)注意：1.把原來的賓語提到前面作被動語態(tài)的主語;2.把動詞變成“be + 過去分詞”;3.主動語態(tài)中的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語。時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are done一般過去時was/were done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時am/is/are being done過去進(jìn)行時was/were being done一般將來時shall/will/be going to be done過去將

2、來時Would be done現(xiàn)在完成時have/has been done過去完成時had been doneEg.Some people attacked the towers. S V O The towers were attacked by some people.S V1) A car knocked him down yesterday.-He was knocked down by a car yesterday2)Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team The medical team is made up of

3、 by two3)When I got there, they were cutting up a fallen treeA fallen tree was being cut up, when I got there.4)Well put on the play next SundayThe play will be put on next Sunday5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our schoolA new teaching building is being built by workers in our scho

4、ol6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year The railway had been completed by the end of last year7)We should protect the earthThe earth should be protected8)You need to paint the wallThe wall needs to be painted幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthdayI was given a gift on my bi

5、rthdayA gift was given to me on my birthday.2.We often hear him play guitarHe is often heard to play guitar注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make, listen to, look at等動詞/短語后作賓語補語的不定式都不帶to；但改成被動語態(tài)后必須帶to。We should take care of the old people .The old people should be taken care of.主動式表被動義1。動詞 (表示主語的屬性特征) +

6、 副詞 (well/ badly/easily/smoothly),用主動式表被動義。 read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock, open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,1.The books _ wellA. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being sold2.This kind of cloth _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed2.不定式在某些形容詞后作狀語,且和句子的主語(或賓語)構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時,用主動式

7、表被動義。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy,safe,1.The fish is not fit _to eat_(eat)2. We find English is hard _to learn_ (learn)3.The article is difficult_ to understand_ (understand).3.不定式作后置定語,與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系,又和該句主語(或賓語)構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時,用主動式表被動義。1.I have a lot of homework _(do)2.Ill

8、give him some books _ (read)4表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動詞+adj./n.,用主動式表被動義。 (look,sound,feel,smell,taste, prove, appear,make,.)The steel feels cold5 表示“開始、結(jié)束、運動”的動詞用主動式表被動義。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,.)The shop opens at 6 am. every day6. 作“需要”講的want/need/require后接動名詞作賓語時，用主動式表被動義；當(dāng)然也可接不定式的被動式作賓

9、語。Your jacket needs washing/ to be washedExercise:1.Newspapers are made _ paper. Paper is made _ wood.A.from/of B. of/from C. of/in D. in/from 2.A lot of new roads _ built in the west of China.A. must B. must be C. has D. have 3.This dictionary mustnt _ from the library.A.take away B. taken away C.

10、are taken away D. be taken away4.My shoes _ . I went out for a new pair.A.is worn out B. wore out C. were worn off D. were worn out 5.His car _ tomorrow.A.will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 6.When your homework _ , we will go to play football.A.is done B. are d

11、one C. had done D. will be done7.He asked me _.A.what the paper is used B. what the paper was used forC. what was the paper made of D. whats the paper used as 8.Three fourths of the information on the internet _ in English.A.am B. is C. are D. be9.English is widely used. Many business letters around

12、 the world _ in it.A.are written B. were written C. are writing D. were writing 10.This pair of scissors _ in China.A.Make B. made C. is made D. are made11.Three quarters of the messages _ by telegraph.A. Was sent B. were sent C. Sent D. send12. In the past 10 years, China _ up many man-made satelli

13、tes.A.has been sent B. has sent C. was sent D. sent 13.They _ to help the farmers with the harvest last autumn.A. asked B. asking C. to ask D. were asked14.We are always kept _.A. to smoking B. on smoking C. from smoking D. off smoking 15.Nothing can stop us _ English.A.learn B. learning C. learned

14、D. learns16.Mary _ some songs in her room in the morning.A.heard sing B. heard to sing C. was heard sing D. is heard to sing17. Mary _ an English song in her room last night.A.was heard to sing B. is heard to sing C.was heard singing D. is heard singing 18. The guide said that the dinosaur eggs _ ab

15、out 95 million years ago.A. lay B. were lay C. laid D. were laid19. We found the ground _ snow.A.cover with B. is covered with C.was covered with D. was covering with 20. The shop assistant showed a hat _ red silk to us.A.made from B. made of C. was made of D. was made from 21. We can find many pict

16、ures _ by Xu Beihong in the museum.A.drawing B. drawn C. drew D. to draw22.Have these words _ by us yesterday?A. been learnt B. learnt C. learned D. were learnt 23. Have you heard of a dinosaur _ feathers?A.was covered by B. was covered with C. covered with D. covered by24.About 500 cars _ in the fa

17、ctory next month.A.were produced B. will be produced C. will be made D. have been produced 25.She _ for 10 years.A.has been marry B. has married C. has been married D. have marry 26.The sentence “Thank you” _ in our everyday life.A.Often use B. often use C.is often used D. are often used 27.Most bus

18、iness letters are _ English.A.Wrote by B. writing with C. Written in D. written by28.The box is used _ sitting _ a chair _ Mike.A.for,as, by B. by,for,of C. as,for,by D. for,by,as 29.Middle school students _ not to smoke.A.always tell B. are told always C. tell always D. are always told30.The room had better _ this afternoon.A.be cleaned B. to be cleaned C. clean D. to clean31. Everyone knows that paper _ in China.A was made first B. at first was made C. wa