英語(yǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)

1、英語(yǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)：定語(yǔ)從句1.Above the trees are the hills, _ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the su*ce. (2003)A. where B. of whose C. whose D. which（C，關(guān)系代詞在從句中做定語(yǔ)?！皹?shù)的上面是山，它的倒影忠實(shí)地映照在河面上?！保?.Only take such clothes _ really necessary. (1994)A. as were B. as they are C. as they were D. as are（D，as

2、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是clothes，as在從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以BC不對(duì)，因?yàn)閠hey是多余的；A的時(shí)態(tài)與主句不搭配。）3._ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals. (1994)A. That B. It C. This D. As（D，as作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，表達(dá)整個(gè)主句的意思?！罢缫环N新的觀念產(chǎn)生時(shí)一樣，人們總是做許多準(zhǔn)備活動(dòng)和積極的討論，卻拿不出具體的建議?！保?.This c

3、ompany has now introduced a policy _ pay rises are related to performance at work.(1996)A. which B. where C. whether D. what（B，“公司現(xiàn)在提出了一項(xiàng)新政策，依照新政策，工資增長(zhǎng)與工作業(yè)績(jī)掛鉤?！保?. The Physicist has made a discovery, _ of great importance to the progress of science and technology.(1997)A. I think which is B. that I

4、think is C. which I think is D. which I think it is（C，I think是插入語(yǔ)，which在從句中就是主語(yǔ)，D中it是多余的。）6.I have never been to London, but that is the city _. (1997)A. where I like to visit most B. Id most like to visitC. which I like to visit mostly D. where Id like most to visit（B, 首先排除A，因?yàn)閠he city在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，不能用wh

5、ere引導(dǎo)；C中mostly表示“通常，大部分”，意思不通順；表示“最想”，用most like,不是like most, most是much的最高級(jí)，much一般不修飾不定式，多用于修飾分詞。He was much pleased.）7.She remembered several occasions in the past _ she had experienced a similar feeling. (1998)A. which B. before C. that D. when（D，從句有自己的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，因此不選AC，when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。B項(xiàng)不合語(yǔ)法，因?yàn)橹骶涞臅r(shí)

6、態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句卻是過(guò)去完成時(shí)。）8.Ive never been to Lhasa, but thats the city _.(1999)A. Id most like to visit B. which I like to visit mostlyC. where I like to visit D. Id like much to visit（A，同6。）9. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff _ is needed for quality control can be substantiall

7、y reduced. (2000)A. whose B. as C. what D. that（D，that在從句中作主語(yǔ)。使用電腦操作的工廠已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)可以大大減少質(zhì)檢員工的數(shù)量。）10.Weve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, _ should make great differences in our life next summer. (2002)A. which B. what C. that D. they（A，指代前面的整個(gè)句子。）11. They overcame all the difficulties

8、and completed the project two months ahead of time, _ is something we had not expected. (2003)A. which B. it C. that D. what（A，同上?！八麄兛朔磺欣щy，提前兩個(gè)月完成了工程，這是我們沒(méi)有料到的事?！保┯⒄Z(yǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)：倒裝1.So badly _ in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months. (1994)A. did he injure B. injured him C.

9、 was he injured D. he was injured(C，倒裝，將助動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前，被動(dòng)。)2. He is not under arrest, _ any restriction on him. (1995)A. or the police have placed B. or have the police placedC. nor the police have placed D. nor have the police placed(D，AB中的or表示“否則”，與題意不符；nor放在句首要倒裝。)3. _ both sides accept the agreement _

10、 a lasting peace be established in this region. (2004)A. Only if, will B. If only, would C. Should, will D. Unless, would(A，only if表示“只有。才”，放在句首，句子要倒裝；“只有雙方都接受和約，永久的和平才有可能建立起來(lái)”。if only表示“要是。多好”)英語(yǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)：反意疑問(wèn)句1. A hibernating animal needs hardly any food all through the winter, _? (1992)A. need it

11、B. neednt it C. does it D. doesnt it（C，need是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞不是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，hardly是否定副詞，因此前面的分句是否定句。）2.You and I could hardly understand, _? (1995)A. could I B. couldnt you C. couldnt we D. could we（D，hardly的解釋同上。）3. When you have finished with that video tape, dont forget to put it in my drawer, _? (1997)A. do you B. w

12、ill you C. dont you D. wont you（B，前面句子是第二人稱祈使句時(shí)，后面要用will (would) you或wont you; 本題中，前面的句子是否定句，因此后面用肯定的。）4.Do help yourself to some fruit, _ you? (2000)A. cant B. dont C. wouldnt D. wont（D，同上。）5.She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, _? (2003)A. hadnt she B. hasnt she C. w

13、ouldnt she D. didnt she（C，反意疑問(wèn)句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主句一致?！八绻晕⒏淖円幌戮蜁?huì)更受歡迎，對(duì)嗎？”）轉(zhuǎn)自英美者-英語(yǔ)專業(yè)網(wǎng)站：not + 比較級(jí) + than, no + 比較級(jí) + than1. John is _ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam. (1998)A. no less B. no more C. not less D. no so(A，“約翰的用功絕不亞于他姐姐，可是這次考試他卻沒(méi)及格。”not less than只是比較約翰和他姐姐，沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)約翰非常用功。)2.Fat c

14、annot change into muscle _ muscle changes into fat. (1999)A. any more than B. no more than C. no less than D. much more than(A，“脂肪不能轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榧∪?，就像肌肉不能轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橹疽粯??！眓ot any more than意思是“和同樣都不”。) 轉(zhuǎn)自英美者-英語(yǔ)專業(yè)網(wǎng)站：名詞性從句1.We can assign the task to _ is capable and trustworthy. (1994)A. whomever B. who C. whom D. whoev

15、er（D，介詞to后面是個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句缺主語(yǔ)；whom和whomever雖然可以接賓語(yǔ)從句，但它們不能在從句中作主語(yǔ)，AC不對(duì)；whoever語(yǔ)義比who強(qiáng)烈，更貼切。)2.The team can handle whatever _. (1997)A. that needs handling B. which needs handling C. it needs handling D. needs to be handled(D，whatever引導(dǎo)的分句作handle的賓語(yǔ)，又在從句中作主語(yǔ)，因此不需要再加任何其他主語(yǔ)，ABC都有多余的主語(yǔ)成分。)3. After _ seemed an

16、 endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel managers office. (1999)A. that B. there C. what D. it(C，after在句中時(shí)介詞還是連詞？如果是連詞，從句中的時(shí)態(tài)通常為完成體，所以排除連詞的可能性。既然after是介詞，那么后面必定是賓語(yǔ)從句，后面的從句缺主語(yǔ)，只有what既引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，又在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)；BD都不能引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。A雖然可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，但不在從句中充當(dāng)任何語(yǔ)法成分。)4.Have you ever been in a situation _ you know

17、the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him? (2002)A. by which B. that C. in where D. where(B，situation后的從句是對(duì)situation作出具體的解釋，因此是同位語(yǔ)從句。)轉(zhuǎn)自英美者-英語(yǔ)專業(yè)網(wǎng)站：as / though / much as1.David Singer, my friends father, _ raised and educated in New York, lived and lectured in Africa most of his life. (

18、1993)A. who B. if C. while D. though(D，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。答案C while只是表示同時(shí)并列的轉(zhuǎn)折。如：While I understand your views, I cant agree with you.)2._ he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank. (1998)A. Much as B. Much though C. As much D. Though much(A, much as可看作是固定詞組，作連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“盡管，雖然”。如

19、Much as I should like to see you, I am afraid you could not come.)3.Fool _ Jane is, she could not have done such a thing. (2002)A. who B. as C. that D. like(B，有倒裝，a./n. + as + 主語(yǔ) + 助動(dòng)詞be，如：Patient as he is, he cant bear it any longer.)4._ I like economics, I like sociology much better. (2003)A. As m

20、uch as B. So much C. How much D. Much as(D,much as可看作是固定詞組，作連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“盡管，雖然”。如Much as I should like to see you, I am afraid you could not come.)5. _, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class. (2005)A. Although he is a socialist B. Even if he is a socialistC. Being a socialist D.

21、 Since he is a socialist(雖然韋爾斯先生是一個(gè)社會(huì)主義者，但他對(duì)工人階級(jí)卻沒(méi)有什么同情心。表轉(zhuǎn)折含義的只有A項(xiàng)。)轉(zhuǎn)自英美者-英語(yǔ)專業(yè)網(wǎng)站：非限定性從句（不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞）1._ is not a serious disadvantage in life. (2001)A. To be not tall B. Not to be tall C. Being not tall D. Not being tall（DAC不對(duì)是因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞的否定結(jié)構(gòu)形式應(yīng)為not to do, not doing；B動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)通常表示特定的具體的行為，特別是表示將來(lái)的

22、或一次性的行為，To skate on real ice is his dream. D動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)表示抽象一般的概念。Skating on real ice is great fun.）2.This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals _ in Africa. (1996)A. hunted B. hunting C. that hunted D. are hunted（A，完整結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為：the elephant from being wiped out as well a

23、s other animals (from being) hunted in Africa;“此舉也許既能保護(hù)非洲的其他動(dòng)物不被獵殺，又能使大象免受滅族之災(zāi)”）3.The Clarks havent decided yet which hotel _. (1998)A. to stay B. is to stay C. to stay at D. is for staying（C，stay是不及物動(dòng)詞，必須接介詞才能跟賓語(yǔ)。）4. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matter

24、s is to avoid _. (1996)A. from being beaten B. being beaten C. beating D. to be beaten（B，avoid后接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)。被動(dòng)，因此B?！氨苊獗粚?duì)手打敗”）5. He resented _ to wait. He expected the minister _ him at once. (1995)A. to be asked, to see B. being asked, to see C. to be asked, seeing D. being asked, seeing（B，resent后接動(dòng)名詞，ex

25、pect后接不定式。）6.I never regretted _ the offer, for it was not where my interest lay. (1993)A. not to accept B. not having accepted C. having not accepted D. not accepting（D, regret doing sth.表示“后悔做過(guò)某事”，事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，常用動(dòng)名詞的一般形式表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生了。）7.He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonis

26、hment, he saw a rope ladder _ out and three men climbing down it. (1995)A. throwing B. being thrown C. having thrown D. having been thrown（B，see可與現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式連用，平行結(jié)構(gòu)，后面用了現(xiàn)在分詞，這里也用分詞；繩梯是被扔出飛機(jī)，因此要用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，排除AC；see, watch, hear, feel, notice, observe,等詞一般不跟分詞的完成形式連用。）8.Professor Johnson is said _ some signifi

27、cant advance in his research in the past year. (1999)A. having made B. * C. to have made D. to make（C，主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生，用完成時(shí)。）9. AIDS is said _ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. (2002)A. being B. to be C. to have been D. having been（C, 同上。）10.The Min

28、ister of Finance is believed _ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue. (2004)A. that he is thinking B. to be thinking C. that he is to think D. to think（B，“人們認(rèn)為財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)正在考慮通過(guò)征收新稅來(lái)增加政府的額外稅入?！盉“正在考慮”）11.The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, _ by the

29、police each time. (1999)A. had been captured B. being always capturedC. only to be captured D. unfortunately captured（C，“這三人多次企圖偷偷越過(guò)邊界進(jìn)入鄰國(guó)，不料每次都被警察抓住?！眔nly to表示出乎意料，通常是不愉快的結(jié)果。）12.This missile is designed so that once _ nothing can be done to retrieve it. (1995)A. fired B. being fired C. they fire D.

30、 having fired（A，once連詞，一旦，被動(dòng)，所以A。This missile is designed so that once it is fired ）13. _ , he can now only watch it on TV at home. (1998)A. Obtaining not a ticket for the match B. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchC. Not having obtained a ticket for the match D. Not obtained a ticket for the matc

31、h（C，分詞短語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作在主句動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，用分詞的完成形式。）14.Arriving at the bus stop, _ waiting there. (1994)A. a lot of people were B. he found a lot of peopleC. a lot of people D. people were found（B，空處的邏輯主語(yǔ)與arrive保持一致。）15._ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first. (1994)A. Not received B.

32、 Since receiving C. Having received D. Not having received（D，receive的主語(yǔ)是she，因此應(yīng)是主動(dòng)，A不對(duì)；receive的動(dòng)作在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生，所以要用分詞的完成形式，否定應(yīng)是not having done.）16. _ at in this way, the present economic situation doesnt seem so gloomy. (2000)A. Looking B. Looked C. Having looked D. To look（B,）17.There _ nothing more

33、for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. (2000)A. to be B. to have been C. being D. be（C前面分句構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。）18._ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room. (1996)A. There was B. Since C. Being D. There being(DC中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是主句的主語(yǔ)。)19.The countrys chief exports are coal

34、, cars and cotton goods, cars _ the most important of these. (1994)A. have been B. are C. being D. are being(CABD都會(huì)使后半部分構(gòu)成完整的句子，但句中用的是逗號(hào)，不能是完整句子。)20.Agriculture is the countrys chief source of wealth, wheat _ by far the biggest cereal crop. (2003)A. is B. been C. be D. being(D，同上?！稗r(nóng)業(yè)是這個(gè)國(guó)家的主要財(cái)源，目前小麥?zhǔn)枪任镏挟a(chǎn)量最大的。”)21.If not _ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. (2004)A. being treated B. treated C. be treated D. having been treated(B，If (Jack is) not treated“如果沒(méi)有受到他覺(jué)得應(yīng)得的尊敬，杰克的脾氣就會(huì)變得很壞，并且不停地抱怨。”)22. Time _, the celebration will be held as sc