step-by-step-3000--第四冊(cè)--聽力原文part2-unit6-unit11(共11頁(yè))

1、大多數(shù)自然資源保護(hù)主義者認(rèn)為，在良好的生態(tài)環(huán)境中人類最易興旺發(fā)達(dá)，而各種野生動(dòng)物的生存則是這種良好的生態(tài)環(huán)境的標(biāo)志。1. Most conservationists believe that humans thrive best in ecological health and that the sign of this health is the survival of a diversity of wild animals.史密斯先生出示了大量的證據(jù)來(lái)表明：在某種程度上，如果我們破壞大自然，那就是毀滅我們自己。2. Mr. Smith produced abundant evidence

2、to indicate that we, to some extent, diminish ourselves if we diminish nature.西方各國(guó)的許多城市已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)換到使用新的可減少污染含量的汽油，我們中國(guó)有些城市也已經(jīng)這樣做了。3. Many cities in Western countries have switched to a new gasoline formula that reduces the pollution content. This is also true of some cities in China.正如英國(guó)詩(shī)人埃德蒙斯賓塞在一首詩(shī)里描寫的那樣，

3、大自然不僅是位母親，而且是位法官，管轄并公正地對(duì)待人類和所有生物。4. As depicted in a poem written by the English poet Edmund Spenser, nature is not only a mother but a judge, having jurisdiction over and doing justice to all creatures政府的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查研究得出的結(jié)論是：除了過(guò)分擁擠和公共交通很差外，該市面臨的最大問(wèn)題是噪聲和污染。5. A government study concludes that besides overcr

4、owding and poor public transport, the biggest problems the city is up against are noise and pollution.與所有其他動(dòng)物不一樣，人類具有根據(jù)自己的判斷而行事的能力。6. Unlike all other creatures, humans have the ability to act on their judgment/ understanding.難道你不同意健康而無(wú)財(cái)富比有財(cái)富而不健康要好得多的這種說(shuō)法嗎？7. Dont you agree with the statement that h

5、ealth without wealth is preferable to wealth without health?即使那些工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的擁護(hù)者也不得不公開承認(rèn)：人類與大自然之間發(fā)生的任何沖突往往對(duì)雙方都不利。8. Even those defenders of industrial economy have to acknowledge openly that any conflict between humans and nature often occurs at the expense of both.如果你的朋友善意地指出你的一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)，你不僅要欣然接受，而且應(yīng)當(dāng)感謝。9. If yo

6、ur friend kindly points out a fault you have, take what is said not merely pleasantly, but thankfully.人與野生動(dòng)物之間的差別之一就在于，前者能就他們改變自然的種類及規(guī)模作出明智的選擇。10. One of the differences between humans and wild animals is that (or lies in that) the former can make a wise choice as to the kind and scale of the change

7、 they make to nature.盡管她在最近的選舉中成功了，但她主要仍是位作家而不是政治家。1. In spite of her recent election success, she remains first and foremost a writer, not a politician.講到抱負(fù)，人們往往把它與地位、名譽(yù)和權(quán)力連在一起，因此，長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)許多人不愿意談?wù)撟约旱膲?mèng)想2. Ambition is always identified with rank, fame and power. Therefore many people have been unwilling

8、to talk about their dreams for a long time.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，如果一個(gè)人想成名，就需要有理想，因?yàn)槔硐胧亲呦虺晒Φ幕A(chǔ)。但是理想并就是野心。3. Surely, if you want to be famous, it is necessary for you to have ideals, because it is behind the accomplishment, but different from ambition.野心常被認(rèn)為是帶有貶義的。這是因?yàn)橐恍┳非笞约豪娴娜瞬粨袷侄蔚匾_(dá)到目的，損害了他人。4. Ambition is often re

9、garded as being commensurate with bad sense because the single-minded have tried to achieve their goals by fair means or foul and often harm others.真正有野心的人常常表現(xiàn)得很謙虛，事實(shí)上只考慮自己。5. Truly ambitious people seem to be modest but actually they are on their own.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，有的人對(duì)名譽(yù)和地位看得很重，然而他們卻不公開承認(rèn)。6. Certainly some

10、people are very interested in their rank and fame. But what has happened is that they do not own up to it.有些人想法設(shè)法出人頭地，但又不表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，我們必須看到其中虛偽的一面。7. Some people try to go on in life at all costs but refrain from appearing ambitious. We should be aware that there is a note of hypocrisy.雖然有人攻擊他，認(rèn)為他有野心，但沒有一種

11、攻擊足以使他放棄自己的追求。8. Although he has come under attack and has been considered ambitious, none of them are strong enough to make him give up on his dreams.不難想象，沒有理想與抱負(fù)的世界會(huì)是怎樣的。這只會(huì)是一個(gè)沒有進(jìn)步、令人厭煩的社會(huì)。9. It is not difficult to imagine a world shorn of ambition. It would probably be a world with no progress an

12、d no development. And, of course, it would be a tedious world.社會(huì)的發(fā)展有賴于一批有理想有抱負(fù)的人，而理想與抱負(fù)是鼓舞人們前進(jìn)的動(dòng)力，所以說(shuō)理想和抱負(fù)是 社會(huì)的一個(gè)重要部分。10. To develop our society, we need a large number of people who have both ideals and ambition, because both of these have the power to inspire people to further efforts. Therefore,

13、both are important for society.狂犬病是一種屬中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)方面的傳染病，由病毒引起并主要由家犬和野生的食肉動(dòng)物傳播。1. Rabies is an infectious disease of the central nervous system, caused by a virus spread chiefly by domestic dogs and wild flesh-eating animals.每年大約有六萬(wàn)五千名美國(guó)人患肝癌，而且少數(shù)例外，幾乎所有病人的預(yù)后都是不祥的。2. Each year about 6,500 Americans contrac

14、t liver cancer, and for all but a relative few the prognosis is grim.探明石油的儲(chǔ)藏所在是一回事，但是要把它從地層下開采出來(lái)并運(yùn)動(dòng)一些工業(yè)中心則完全是另外一回事。3. It is one thing to locate oil, but it is quite another to extract it from the earth and transport it to the industrial centers.根據(jù)最近的動(dòng)物研究，我們相信這種疫苗能改善患者正在衰竭的免疫系統(tǒng)并減少在血液循環(huán)中的病毒數(shù)量。4. In th

15、e light of recent animal research, we have become convinced that the vaccine can boost patients weakening immune system and decrease the amount of virus circulating in the blood.早些時(shí)候他曾公開發(fā)言反對(duì)那個(gè)增加兩國(guó)間貿(mào)易的提案，但現(xiàn)在他卻傾向于支持這一提案。5. Earlier he spoke publicly against the proposal for increasing trade between the

16、 two countries, but now he is inclined to support it.現(xiàn)在還沒有治療這種起因不明、帶并發(fā)癥的流行性感冒的特效藥，因?yàn)樗麑?duì)現(xiàn)有抗菌素具有抗藥性。6. There is no powerful medicine for curing the mysterious strain of influenza with its complications, for it is resistant to current antibiotics.自從當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)以來(lái)，他一直面臨許多嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)問(wèn)題，如無(wú)法控制的通貨膨脹、大規(guī)模的失業(yè)和青少年犯罪。7. Since

17、he was elected, the president has been faced with a host of serious social problems such as runaway inflation, large-scale unemployment, and teenage crime.一位名叫路易斯巴斯德的法國(guó)化學(xué)家在經(jīng)過(guò)多年的細(xì)致的動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)之后，發(fā)現(xiàn)并證實(shí)了微生物室誘發(fā)某些傳染病的原因。8. A famous French chemist named Louis Pasteur discovered and proved after many years of car

18、eful experiments on animals that microorganisms are responsible for certain infectious diseases.正在討論中的4個(gè)問(wèn)題分別是：怎樣預(yù)防各種流行病，怎樣減輕現(xiàn)有的疾病，怎樣攻克惡性腫瘤和怎樣應(yīng)付新出現(xiàn)的疾病。9. The four problems in question are how to prevent various epidemics, alleviate existing ailments, conquer malignant tumors, and respond to the emerg

19、ence of new diseases respectively.在采用青霉素這種救命的抗菌素之前，許多患有肺結(jié)核的病人通常死于該種疾病。10. Before the introduction of penicillin, a life-saving antibiotic, many patients with tuberculosis typically died from the disease.Unit 6Part II British youthTapescript:- What scares me most about my future is not knowing what I

20、 want to do or where I am going.- Not having any money.- Not being able to do things I want to do.- Young people are witty, young people are creative.- I think the old ways are possibly changing and the kids who can cope with change are going to be the kids that succeed.- I think they need a hand. I

21、 think somebody needs to understand them a bit better.- They seem a lot more open-minded, they dont seem to be able to be led as much today as maybe kids of my age group - the sixties and seventies.- Young people need more than anything an opportunity these days. They need a chance to take on person

22、al challenges.Tapescript:The word teenager came into use in Britain in the 1950s when the young began to invent and adopt their own fashions, magazines, music and style. This was the birth of what we now know as youth culture.It reached its heyday in the 60s with the advent of swinging London bands

23、like the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and of course the mini-skirt. Through the 70s there was flower power, hippies, teenyboppers and Punk. The 1980s brought the new romantics, dance music - and we also started to think about the future, ecology and all that . What about the future? Where do they se

24、e themselves going? How do they feel about living in the Britain of today?1. Whats the bright side and the dark side for young people according to this passage?Bright side: dancing, clubs, music, fashion and funDark side: fights, trouble, hooliganism; drugs and anarchy2. What does the young Asian pe

25、rson say about being accepted in Britain?not accepted ten years ago / gradually accept now / more people coming / different culture backgrounds3. Whats the purpose of setting up the organization in Britain?a. To give adviceb. To help raise finance c. To help raise finance -so as to help young people

26、 who would like to set up their own business with no money of their own4. How many volunteers does the organization have?Over 5,500.5. How many new businesses will they start up this year?About 3,700.Tapescript:- What scares me most about my future is not knowing what I want to do or where I am goin

27、g.- Not having any money.- Not being able to do things I want to do.- Young people are witty, young people are creative.- I think the old ways are possibly changing and the kids who can cope with change are going to be the kids that succeed.- I think they need a hand. I think somebody needs to under

28、stand them a bit better.The word teenager came into use in Britain in the 1950s when the young began to invent and adopt their own fashions, magazines, music and style. This was the birth of what we now know as youth culture.It reached its heyday in the 60s with the advent of swinging London bands l

29、ike the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and of course the mini-skirt. Through the 70s there was flower power, hippies, teenyboppers and Punk. The 1980s brought the new romantics, dance music - and we also started to think about the future, ecology and all that . What about the future? Where do they see

30、 themselves going? How do they feel about living in the Britain of today?When you think about young people, you might picture dancing, clubs, music, fashion and fun. But there is an equally well-known dark side: fights, trouble, hooliganism, drugs and anarchy. Is this a true picture or is there anot

31、her more positive side that the media do not show?I think the young of today are having a hard time. First of all, throughout the ages back since the 40s, the 50s, young people have been portrayed very badly by the press. The press say the young . dont believe in anything, they dont want to do anyth

32、ing, they dont want to work, they dont want to get a job, they dont want to provide any help for anybody else. This, Im afraid, is absolute rubbish, but young people are reading this all the time.We visited the City of Newcastle in the northeast of England where there is a large multi-racial communi

33、ty. There we met a young man of Asian extraction.- Whats it like being a young Asian person in Britain today in comparison to a few years ago? Is it some easier to keep a separated cultural identity yet at the same time to be accepted ?- It didnt ten years ago or something, but gradually just starte

34、d accepting it. Its probably because there are more and more people from different culture backgrounds coming to this country. So people in this country are accepting it .These days many young people find that one of the best options open to them is to set up their own business. How can they do this

35、 especially if they have no money of their own?There is an organization in Britain, which was set up specifically to help people in this situation. It was established to give advice to and help raise finance and provide support for new business ventures.Chief executive Jeremy White told us about it.

36、What we do is . we have over five and half thousand volunteers from all over the country. We attach a volunteer to each business, not to run the business or interfere with it but just to help the young person through that process. Learning how to deal with the VAT, how to negotiate with your bank ma

37、nager, for example. And we give advice on how to do marketing and those skills that you need when youre starting up a business. In this year, well start up about 3,700 new businesses, for example, the window cleaners. Four young men from Birmingham, I mean they are just embarking and that business m

38、ay grow or it might just keep them in employment, but thats a great success in itself.- They seem a lot more open-minded, they dont seem to be able to be led as much today as maybe kids of my age group - the sixties and seventies.Young people need more than anything an opportunity these days. They n

39、eed a chance to take on personal challengesUnit 7Part IIA.1. What are the two aspects mentioned concerning the nature of gambling addicts?-Coming from homes lacking love / looking for wants of family love and parental approval-Unconsciously wanting to lose3. In what ways can gambling addicts hopeful

40、ly be cured?-By psychiatric treatment-By word therapy-By help from organizations like Gamblers AnonymousTapescript:Compulsive gamblers almost always come from homes lacking (in) love. As a result, the child grows up still looking for the wants of family love and parental approval. Another aspect to

41、the nature of the gambling addict is that unconsciously he wants to lose.Psychiatrists believe that compulsive gamblers consciously may expect to win. However, theres a strong element of self-destruction in an inclination to continue betting until all is lost. One New York psychiatrist believes that

42、 basically the compulsive gambler is seeking an answer to the question: Do you love me? By winning, he receives a yes answer. However the gambler cannot accept the yes he sometimes receives because it is contrary to the reality of his or her unhappy childhood, one lacking (in) family love. The gambl

43、ers compelled to continue betting, thus expressing again and again his need for love and acceptance. When gambling addicts do win some money, they rarely spend any of it on their families. Money is like a sacred thing to the addicts. It is reserved for one thing: placing a bet.Fortunately, theres ho

44、pe and help today for gambling addicts. Psychiatric treatment is one possibility. Word therapy seems to help in some cases. The most readily available and the least expensive help comes from an organization called Gamblers Anonymous (GA). GA has more than 90 chapters in the U.S. with about 3,000 gam

45、blers seeking a cure. One basic rule of GA is the gamblers must pay back all their debts, even it takes many years to do so. Thousands of members credit GA with saving them from their addiction, and helping them to build new lives free from the gambling sickness.Happily, today, with more public inte

46、rest in helping the gambling addict overcome his problem, and with such organizations as the GA, the gambler who wants help to break his addiction, now has some place or some one to turn to.B. SummaryThough in almost all the states in America, parents are held responsible for their kids misdeeds at

47、schools like destroying ?school property or missing school, only 13 states hold parents criminally liable when their kids commit crimes, such as dealing in drugs, weapons possession and gang banging.More lawmakers are saying parents should be jailed or fined when their kids commit a crime, because t

48、he most important influence on the development of a child is the parent. But parenting is not an easy thing. And it gets harder as kids get older. When a child becomes a teenager, parents involvement with their children under education drops sharply. By 15 to 16 years of age, children are treated as

49、 quasi-adults and many of them lead very separate life that parents are not fully informed of.Parental liability laws will not work unless theyre part of a much larger effort that includes more helps for parents in raising their children. Experts say whats most needed now is a thorough review of the

50、 effectiveness of such laws.Tapescript:In just about every state, parents are held responsible for certain misdeeds of their children, especially for school related, like destroying school property or missing school. But when kids commit crimes whether its dealing in drugs, weapons possession or gan

51、g banging, only 13 states hold parents criminally liable. Now in the wake of the Colorado shootings, more lawmakers are saying parents should be jailed or fined when their kids commit a crime. And there seems to be a certain logic to this trend. The most important influence on the development of a c

52、hild is the parent.What people really want is good parenting. The question is. Can state legislatures legislate good parenting?How do you legislate good parenting? And how far should we go with that?There should be a law that does punish parents for leaving a loaded gun around accessible for childre

53、n.Thats something you can hold me accountable for. But when you tell me I should raise a child in a way., in a way that that child will not have bad thoughts or be depressed, or not hang around with the wrong kids, you are trying to legislate something that you know. Parenting is not an easy thing.

54、This is a hard job.And it gets harder as kids get older. Study shows that when a child becomes a teenager, parents involvement with their children under education drops sharply. This complicates matters with the courts if they are to prove that parents should have known about the childs intentions t

55、o commit a crime or stop the child from doing it.By 15 to 16 years of age, children in this country are treated as quasi-adults.We also have young people of that age leading very separate life that parents are not fully informed of. Many of those young people are working. They have a strong peer gro

56、up affiliation. Perhaps we might have some idealistic view that a law will then force parents to hold daily sessions with their children, ask them what they are doing. I just dont think thats going to work.Parent liability laws will not work unless theyre part of a much larger effort that includes m

57、ore help for parents in raising their children, whether they want it or not.A judge can require a parent to go through psychological testing if the judge sees that there would be some merit not only in helping the child in their situation, but also helping the home situation.According to the Nationa

58、l Association of State Legislatures, half a dozen states are expected to take up the issue of parental liability this year. Family law experts say that whats most needed now is a thorough review of the effectiveness of such laws, before more putting in place, because as far, they simply dont seem to be deterring school shootings, let alone bad parenting.Unit 8PartTape scriptsLiane: Trust was a word that was used early and often duri