2021高二英語(yǔ)寒假作業(yè)同步練習(xí)題動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)含解析

1、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)1its easier to _(騎自行車(chē)) with the wind behind you. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填空)【答案】cycle【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：順風(fēng)騎自行車(chē)會(huì)更容易。此處是不定式，to后加動(dòng)詞原形，動(dòng)詞“騎自行車(chē)”是cycle。故填cycle。2shetook outa mapandindicatedthe quickest_(路線) tous. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填空)【答案】route【詳解】考查名詞。句意：她拿出一張地圖，指給我們最快的路線。由形容詞最高級(jí)the quickest修飾用名詞，“路線”是route，且indicate后接名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填route。3

2、ifoundhiminthe_(走廊)nervouslypacing upand down. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填空)【答案】corridor【詳解】考查名詞。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)他在走廊里緊張地踱來(lái)踱去。由the修飾用名詞，“走廊”是corridor，故填corridor。4located off-centreintheirregularly shapedlakewasa_(噴泉). (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填空)【答案】fountain【詳解】考查名詞。在這個(gè)形狀不規(guī)則的湖中有一個(gè)噴泉。根據(jù)不定冠詞a和中文提示“噴泉”可知，這里用名詞的單數(shù)形式。故填fountain。5it seemed _(難以置信的) th

3、at people would still want to play football during a war. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填空)【答案】incredible【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間人們還想踢足球，這似乎令人難以置信。此處是形容詞作表語(yǔ)，“難以置信的”是incredible，故填incredible。6the government wants figures that help it to administer its policies and plan _(提前地). (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填空)【答案】ahead【詳解】考查副詞。句意：政府需要數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)幫助它管理政策和提前計(jì)劃。修飾

4、動(dòng)詞plan用副詞，“提前地”是ahead，故填ahead。7the novels central_ (主題) is the ongoing conflict between men and women. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填空)【答案】theme【詳解】考查名詞。句意：這部小說(shuō)的主題是男女之間永無(wú)休止的沖突。空前有形容詞central，此處缺少一個(gè)中心名詞做本句的主語(yǔ)，故填theme。8shepressedher foot down sharply onthe brake_(腳踏板) . (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填空)【答案】pedal【詳解】考查名詞。句意：她把腳重重地踩在剎車(chē)踏板上。brake ped

5、al表示“剎車(chē)踏板”，為名詞短語(yǔ)，故填pedal。9what is thereasonfor thegames enduring_(吸引力)? (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填空)【答案】appeal【詳解】考查名詞。句意：這個(gè)游戲一直有吸引力的原因是什么？空前有形容詞enduring修飾，空處應(yīng)填名詞，故填appeal。10ive beenonanemotionalroller_(過(guò)山車(chē)) sinceive beenhere. (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填空)【答案】coaster【詳解】考查名詞。句意：自從我來(lái)到這里，我的情緒就像坐過(guò)山車(chē)一樣。由 an修飾用名詞單數(shù)，“過(guò)山車(chē)”是roller coaster，故填co

6、aster。語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題（動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)）動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的情形：1. 作及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ) would you mind opening the window?the girl practices playing violin every evening.2. it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，代替動(dòng)名詞.3.作動(dòng)詞詞組的賓語(yǔ) 4.介詞的賓語(yǔ)since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice.he always thinks much before doing anything. it 5.既可接doing 又可接to

7、 do 的動(dòng)詞，但意義不同 the radio needs / requires / wants _（repair）.5）接doing 又可接to do 的動(dòng)詞:i forget to take the medicine. 我忘記吃那個(gè)藥。 i forget taking the medicine. 我忘記把那個(gè)藥吃了。they stopped to talk. 他們停下來(lái)開(kāi)始講話。6）常接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)： 此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest.如：were considering paying a visi

8、t to the science museum. it can avoid damaging the environment or peoples health.練習(xí)：11most danes are used to _ (see) between 50%-70% of their salary going to the government. （所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】seeing【詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：大多數(shù)丹麥人習(xí)慣了看見(jiàn)他們50%到70%的工資被政府拿走?！癰e used to”意為“習(xí)慣于”，to是介詞，后面接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填seeing。12thisdoesnotm

9、eanthatpeoplehavestopped_(appreciate)traditionalchineseculture. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】appreciating【詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：這并不意味著人們不再欣賞中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化。動(dòng)詞stop后可以接動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，stop to do sth.表示停下原來(lái)做的事情，去做另一件事情，而stop doing sth.表示停止做某事，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示停止做某事，所以空處需用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填appreciating。13at the weekends, i play computer games if im not

10、 busy _ (study). （所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】studying【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在周末，如果我不忙于學(xué)習(xí)，我就玩電腦游戲。be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”是固定用法，用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故填studying。14to save the environment, we should not be addicted to _(use) cars.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】using【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了拯救環(huán)境，我們不應(yīng)該沉迷于使用汽車(chē)。短語(yǔ)be addicted to doing sth.表示“沉迷于做某事”，后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填

11、using。15they spent so much time _(improve)their reading ability. （所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】improving【詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：他們花了很多時(shí)間來(lái)提高閱讀能力。根據(jù)句意和句中spent可知，句子講述的是過(guò)去的事，為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，improve意為“提高，改進(jìn)”，動(dòng)詞詞性，句中涉及“spend time (in) doing sth.”，意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，improve的動(dòng)詞ing形式為improving。故填improving。16steel is produced by_(combine) iron with

12、carbon. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】combining【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：鋼是由鐵和碳組合起來(lái)煉成的?？崭裨诮樵~by后，應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，故填combining。17with the development of electronic payment, more and more people are taking to _ (book) their flights online. （所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】booking【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著電子支付的發(fā)展，越來(lái)越多的人開(kāi)始在網(wǎng)上預(yù)訂機(jī)票。根據(jù)句意表示“開(kāi)始做某事”可知短語(yǔ)為take to do

13、ing sth.。故填booking。18karry burst out_(cry) when her boyfriend said goodbye. （所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】crying【詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：當(dāng)她男朋友說(shuō)再見(jiàn)時(shí)，凱莉突然哭了起來(lái)。burst out后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，意為“突然做某事”，根據(jù)句意，故填crying。19as an exchange student, it took me a long time to adjust to _(live) alone in australia.（所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】living【詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：作為一名

14、交換生，我花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才適應(yīng)獨(dú)自生活在澳大利亞。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處前面的to為介詞，后應(yīng)接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故填living。20neighbors devoted their spare time to_(help) others rebuild homes. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】helping【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)。句意：鄰居們利用業(yè)余時(shí)間幫助別人重建家園。短語(yǔ)devote.to.，意為“把用于.”，其中to為介詞，其后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意和搭配，所以填helping。故填helping。閱讀理解 a kenyan teacher who gave away . most of

15、his monthly salary (工資)to poor people has won a $1 -million global teacher prize.in 2016, peter tabichi came to keriko mixed day secondary school, a public school, in a faraway kenya s rift valley. the school had just a single computer and had problems connecting to the internet. it had no library o

16、r laboratory, as well. to make matters worse, the students came from poor families where basics like food and clothing were hard to come by. while these difficulties would have caused most people to leave quickly, tabichi stayed.realizing that starving kids make for poor students, the teacher began

17、using as much as 80 percent of his monthly salary to buy food and learning objects for them. he set up a science club to get kids interested in the topic. “our laboratory does not have everything, but i encourage them to think wider and use what we can get locally. ”tabichi and other four teachers r

18、egularly visit low-achieving, at-risk, students at their homes to provide one- on-one help and to understand the difficulties these children face daily. tabichi also encourages parents to allow girls to continue their high-school education.tabichis efforts have made a difference. school registration

19、 (注冊(cè))has more than doubled to almost 400 now since he came . in 2017, 16 of the 59 graduating students went to college, while in 2018, the number rose to 26. in 2017 , five students qualified(有資格)for the intel isef (international science and engineering fair). this year, two other students will comp

20、ete in the 2019 intel isef to be held in phoenix, arizona.the teacher, however, owes his success to his students, saying,i am only here because of what my students have achieved. this prize gives them a chance. it tells the world that they can do anything. as would be expected, tabichi plans to spen

21、d the prize money on his school community and to feed the poor.21what is the text mainly about?aa school located in a kenyas rift valley became famous.ba kenyan teacher helping poor students won global teacher prize.ca kenyan teacher helped girls to continue their high-school education.dfive kenyan

22、students qualified for the intel isef for their performance.22what can we know about keriko mixed day secondary school?ait had dozens of teachers.bit was in the of a city.cit owned a modem lab.dit was in poor condition.23which word can be used to describe peter tabichi?ahonest.bwealthy.ckind.dhumoro

23、us.24which is the closest number of students when peter tabichi began teaching there?a90.b190.c290d390.【答案】21b22d23c24b【分析】本文為記敘文。肯尼亞教師peter tabichi資助貧困學(xué)生完成學(xué)業(yè)，并致力于非洲科學(xué)教育，他因此榮獲2019年“全球教師獎(jiǎng)”和100萬(wàn)美元的獎(jiǎng)金。21主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“a kenyan teacher who gave away most of his monthly salary(工資) to poor people has won a

24、$1-million global teacher prize.”及全文的內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述肯尼亞教師peter tabichi資助貧困學(xué)生完成學(xué)業(yè)，并致力于非洲科學(xué)教育，從而榮獲2019年“全球教師獎(jiǎng)”的故事。故選b。22推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“the school had just a single computer and had problems connecting to the internet. it had no library or laboratory”可知，學(xué)校只有一臺(tái)電腦，與因特網(wǎng)的連接也有問(wèn)題。它也沒(méi)有圖書(shū)館或?qū)嶒?yàn)室。因此這所學(xué)校條件很差。故選d。23推理判斷題

25、。根據(jù)第三段的“the teacher began using as much as 80 percent of his monthly salary to buy food and learning objects for them”可知，他把工資的80%拿出來(lái)資助貧困學(xué)生，據(jù)此可以判斷peter tabichi為人善良，樂(lè)善好施。故選c。24細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“school registration(注冊(cè)) has more than doubled to almost 400 now since he came.”可知，目前學(xué)校注冊(cè)人數(shù)翻了一番，達(dá)到了將近400人，可見(jiàn)當(dāng)peter

26、 tabichi初次來(lái)到這所學(xué)校時(shí)，學(xué)生人數(shù)約為200人。故選b?！军c(diǎn)睛】文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往需要大量細(xì)節(jié)信息的支持，這些細(xì)節(jié)對(duì)于理解全文內(nèi)容至關(guān)重要，同時(shí)也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎(chǔ)。命題人往往會(huì)要求考生根據(jù)不同的要求閱讀文章，以獲得某些特定的信息，或準(zhǔn)確地尋求所需的細(xì)節(jié)，并對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行直接或間接辨認(rèn)和理解。文章細(xì)節(jié)的理解一般可分為：直接理解題（在原文中直接找到答案，常用why/what/when/who/how等提問(wèn)）；語(yǔ)意轉(zhuǎn)化題（需要將題目信息與原文相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行語(yǔ)意上的轉(zhuǎn)換，兩者存在著表達(dá)上的差異，有時(shí)需要進(jìn)行加工整理后方能得出結(jié)論）；語(yǔ)意理解型（答案與題目之間存在著一定的邏輯

27、聯(lián)系，這種聯(lián)系需要建立在事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上通過(guò)上、下文來(lái)進(jìn)行判斷、分析、歸納和整合，才能得出正確答案）；正誤辨析題及排序題等。第4小題屬于細(xì)節(jié)理解題中的語(yǔ)意轉(zhuǎn)化題。根據(jù)第五段的“school registration(注冊(cè)) has more than doubled to almost 400 now since he came.”可知，目前學(xué)校注冊(cè)人數(shù)翻了一番，達(dá)到了將近400人，可見(jiàn)當(dāng)peter tabichi初次來(lái)到這所學(xué)校時(shí)，學(xué)生人數(shù)約為200人。做這類(lèi)題目時(shí)，抓住文章中的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)是做好該類(lèi)題的關(guān)鍵，也是做好其他類(lèi)題的基礎(chǔ)。寫(xiě)作（改錯(cuò)）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文, 請(qǐng)你修改

28、你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤, 每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加: 在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(), 并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除: 把多余的詞用斜線( )劃掉。修改: 在錯(cuò)詞下劃一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意: 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2. 只允許修改10處, 多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。during the spring festival, i watch a sci-fi movie the wandering earth with my friends. the movie direct by guo fan is ver

29、y popular in china. it is set in 2075, where the earth is no longer safe to live. unlike most western movies, the heroes do not give up the earth. instead, they choose to save the earth by send it to another so-like system. i was deep impressed by the three generation of a chinese family. they devote them to the mission. the movie conveys lots of chinese values, but i think it is quite worth seeing it.【答案】1.watchwatched 2.directdirected 3.wherewhen 4.live后面加on 5.sendsending 6.deepdeeply7.generationgenerations 8.themthemselve