高三英語二輪復(fù)習課件：名詞性從句(1)

1、一、找出以下句子的成分（主、謂、賓、表、一、找出以下句子的成分（主、謂、賓、表、定、狀、補）定、狀、補）1. Mouse loves rice.2. God is a girl.3. I am Miss Chen, the head teacher of Class 1. 4(1) His job is important. (2) What he does is important. 5(1) This is his job. (2) This is what he does every day. 6(1) I dont like his job. (2) I dont like what

2、he does every day. 7(1) I dont know the man, Mr. White. (2) I dont know the fact that he is a teacher.二、名詞從句二、名詞從句(Noun Clauses)在句子中起在句子中起_作用的句子，作用的句子， 相當于相當于_ 在復(fù)合句中能擔任在復(fù)合句中能擔任_、_、_、 _等等根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，可分為根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，可分為_(Subject Clause)、_(Predicative Clause)、_(Object Clause)_(Appositive Clause) 名詞性

3、從句名詞性從句 noun clause 主語從句主語從句subject clause 賓語從句賓語從句object clause 表語從句表語從句predicative clause 同位語從句同位語從句appositive clause二二.名詞性從句名詞性從句的類型的類型 引導名詞從句的連接詞：引導名詞從句的連接詞： 1）連接代詞）連接代詞who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever等等 連接副詞連接副詞when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 2）連接詞）

4、連接詞 whether/if 若一個名詞從句若一個名詞從句,表達表達的含義為否用的含義為否用whether/if 3）連接詞）連接詞that若一個句子表達含義和句子結(jié)若一個句子表達含義和句子結(jié)構(gòu)均完整，用連詞構(gòu)均完整，用連詞that。 “that”在從句中不在從句中不充當任何成分，沒有任何含義。充當任何成分，沒有任何含義。 1.Object clause( 賓語從句賓語從句) 1)老師教導我們要志向崇高。老師教導我們要志向崇高。 The teacher taught us that we should aim high. 2)你是否能成功將取決于你做什么和怎么做。你是否能成功將取決于你做什么和

5、怎么做。 Your success will depend on what you do and how you do it. 3)他是否能來幫助我們，我感到懷疑。他是否能來幫助我們，我感到懷疑。 I doubt whether / if he will come to our help. 4) Whether he will accept your offer, I dont know.(不用不用if) 1. The fact is _ she doesnt like pop music. 2. My trouble is _ I dont have enough experience. 3

6、. The question is _ he will be present or not. 4. What troubled him was _ he could get the money. thatthatwhetherwhether/where/how2.Predicative clause ( 表語從表語從)句句 5. He is absent today. Its _ he is seriously ill. 6. It looks _ its going to rain again.becauseas if 3.Subject clause(主語從句主語從句) 1.人生最重要的并

7、非金錢。人生最重要的并非金錢。 What is the most important in life isnt money. 2.凡是想看這部電影的人可免費得到一張票凡是想看這部電影的人可免費得到一張票。 Whoever wants to see the film may get a free ticket. 3. That the earth is round is known to all. -It is known to all that the earth is round. 4.That you missed the chance is a pity. -It is a pity t

8、hat that 無意義無意義, 后接一個完整的句子后接一個完整的句子. 4.Appositive clause (同位語從句同位語從句): 后面跟同位語從句的名詞有后面跟同位語從句的名詞有: fact, news,idea thought, question, remark 等等. 1. The idea _ computers will recognizehuman voices surprises many people.2. The possibility _ the majority of thelabour force will work at home is often disc

9、ussed.3. I have no idea _ he has gone.4. They are thinking about the question _ they could succeed in the competition.5. Please tell us the truth _ did that for us.thatthatwherehowwho三、名詞性從句三、名詞性從句考點：考點：that, what, which, whether, if, who, whom,whose, whatever, whichever ,whoever, whomever, whosever

10、, when, where, why, how 合成一個句子：合成一個句子：1) He would be back in an hour. He saidHe said (that) he would be back in an hour.2) Do they speak English? We want to knowWe want to know if/whether they speak English.3) What is her name? He asks meHe asks me what her name is.考點考點1. 語序語序: 連接詞陳述句連接詞陳述句注意：在注意：在t

11、hink, believe, suppose, expect 等動詞之后等動詞之后, 賓語從句中謂語的賓語從句中謂語的否定常轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的謂語上，否定常轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的謂語上，稱為否定稱為否定轉(zhuǎn)移。轉(zhuǎn)移。 I dont think he will see you. We dont expect he is coming. I dont believe he will go. No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what will man look like B. what man will look like C. man will look li

12、ke what D. what look will man like1) When will Professor Li give us a talk? We wanted to know We wanted to know when Professor Li would give us a talk.2) Jim is a good student. The teacher said The teacher said (that) Jim was a good student. 3) Has Mr. Green been in Beijing for five years? He asked

13、He asked if/whether Mr. Green had been in Beijing for five years.1. 如果主句是如果主句是過去的時態(tài)過去的時態(tài)(包括包括一般過去時一般過去時, 過去進行時過去進行時), 那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時態(tài)。相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時態(tài)。2.主句的動詞用主句的動詞用過去過去時，從句表示時，從句表示客觀事實，格言，諺語客觀事實，格言，諺語等，從句謂語動詞用等，從句謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時Our physics teacher once told us that light _ (travel) fas

14、ter than s3.主句的動詞用主句的動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時，從句謂語可，從句謂語可根據(jù)從句謂語動根據(jù)從句謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間選用詞發(fā)生的時間選用各種各種時態(tài)時態(tài)Tom says that Mary _ (go) abroad last year and _ (be) there for nearly 5 months. wenthas been1) 何時開會還沒有決定。何時開會還沒有決定。 When the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .2) 他們何時出發(fā)和他們?nèi)ツ睦镞€沒有決定。他們何時出發(fā)和

15、他們?nèi)ツ睦镞€沒有決定。單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般一般用用_形形式。如果是兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語，謂式。如果是兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動詞則用語動詞則用_形式。由兩個或多個連接詞引導一形式。由兩個或多個連接詞引導一個主語從句，謂語動詞用個主語從句，謂語動詞用_形式。形式。 單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)hasWhen they will start and where they will go _ (have) not been decided yet .3) 何時何地開會還沒有決定。何時何地開會還沒有決定。When and where the m

16、eeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .has單數(shù)單數(shù)have1. 引導詞引導詞that（當名詞性從句中不缺任何成分時用（當名詞性從句中不缺任何成分時用that) that 可省略的情況：可省略的情況：單個賓語從句單個賓語從句中的中的that可省略可省略that不可省略的情況：不可省略的情況：1. 主語從句主語從句2. 表語從句表語從句3. 同位語從句同位語從句4. 用用it做形式賓語的賓語從句做形式賓語的賓語從句5. 并列的賓語從句中的后幾個從句的引導詞并列的賓語從句中的后幾個從句的引導詞that 不能省略不能省略考點考點4 名詞性從

17、句連接詞的選用名詞性從句連接詞的選用that/ 省略省略1)I dont think _ she is coming.2)It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3)The reason is _ he is careless .4)The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5)I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6)He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make

18、 a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that2. 其它連接代詞和副詞的選用其它連接代詞和副詞的選用主要根據(jù)名詞性從句中的具體意義主要根據(jù)名詞性從句中的具體意義,正確的選擇正確的選擇who、which、when、where、why、how 等連接詞，這些等連接詞，這些連接詞既具有疑問含義，又起連接連接詞既具有疑問含義，又起連接作用，同時在從句中充當各種成分。作用，同時在從句中充當各種成分。1) 我們何時舉行運動會還沒有決定。我們何時舉行運動會還沒有決定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not deci

19、ded.2) 我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.3) 我不知道他長的什么樣子。我不知道他長的什么樣子。I have no idea _ he looks like.4) 這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.Whenwhowhatwhere1) I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder.2) His mother is satisfied with what he h

20、as done.3) That he was able to come made us happy.4) This is what makes us interested.5) The reason was that Tom had never seen the million-pound note before.所引導的從句中是否所引導的從句中是否缺主語、表語或賓語缺主語、表語或賓語漢語意義漢語意義能否省略能否省略whatthat3. that 和和what 的選用的選用that 和和 what 都可引導所有的名詞從句。都可引導所有的名詞從句。填填that 還是還是 what？1) _ he

21、 wants is a book.2) _ he wants to go there is obvious.3) The result is _ we won the game.4) This is _ we want to know.5) Is _ he told us true?6) We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7) I have no doubt _ he will come.8) I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthat

22、what1) 在主語從句中，只有用在主語從句中，只有用it作形式主語作形式主語時時, whether和和if 都能引導主語從句都能引導主語從句, 否否則則, 也只能用也只能用whether。如。如: Whether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. It hasnt been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.4. if 和和whether 的選用的選用2) 在表語從句和同位語從句中。如：在表語從句和同位語從句中。如： The question is wheth

23、er the film is worth seeing. The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.4. if 和和whether 的選用的選用3) 在介詞之后。在介詞之后。(介詞往往可以省略介詞往往可以省略) 如如: It all depends (on) whether they will support us.4) 后面直接跟動詞不定式時。如：后面直接跟動詞不定式時。如： He doesnt know whether to stay or not.5) 后面緊接后面緊接or not 時。如：時。如： We didnt k

24、now whether or not she was ready.4. if 和和whether 的選用的選用4. if 和和whether 的選用的選用不能使用不能使用if 的情況：的情況：1）主語從句）主語從句2）表語從句）表語從句3）同位語從句）同位語從句4）介詞后的賓語從句）介詞后的賓語從句5）whether to do 做動詞賓語不能用做動詞賓語不能用if to do6）whether or not 連在一起引導賓語從連在一起引導賓語從句時不用句時不用if.if / whether1) I asked her _ she had a bike.2) _ we will hold a

25、party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3) Were worried about _ he is safe.4) I dont know _ he is well or not.5) I dont know _ or not he is well.6) The question is _ he should do it.7) The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8) I dont know _ to go.if /

26、 whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether基本句型基本句型：It is +形容詞、名詞、過去分詞形容詞、名詞、過去分詞+ that . + (should) do 形容詞: important ,necessary, natural, strange 名詞: a pity, a shame, no wonder 過去分詞: suggested, ordered, demanded, insisted 1. It is ordered that he _ the examination? A. takes B. has to

27、 take C. must take D. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has toldWe suggested that the meeting _A. should put off B. be put off C. was put off D. putting off表示建議、要求、命令、堅持等動詞表示建議、要求、命令、堅持等動詞suggest, insist, advise, propose, demand, require, request, o

28、rder, command后的從句謂語動詞用后的從句謂語動詞用_注意注意: suggest 當表示當表示“暗示、表明暗示、表明”講時，講時，insist 表示表示“堅持認為堅持認為”之意時，從句不用虛之意時，從句不用虛擬語氣擬語氣(should) + do/be doneThe smile on his face suggested that he _ (was/be/is)satisfied with our work.wasa. I wish I _(know) the answer now. b. I wish he _(pass) the exam yesterday.c. I wis

29、h I _ (fly) to the moon in a few years. 1. 對現(xiàn)在虛擬時對現(xiàn)在虛擬時，that從句中謂語用過去時從句中謂語用過去時2. 對過去虛擬時對過去虛擬時，用用had過去分詞過去分詞3. 對將來虛擬時對將來虛擬時，用用would (might等等)動詞原形動詞原形knewhad passedwould fly在在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即即_1.His suggestion that you _

30、once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try2. The order given by the commander was that they _ until the commander allowed they to. A. stopped B. didnt stop C. stop D. not stop(should) + do/be done1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2. That i

31、s hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.3. It is obvious to the students whether they should get well prepared for their future. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not.itItthatwhether找出下列句子中的錯誤找出下列句子中的錯誤當主語從句較長，而謂語較短時，常常將從句當主語從句較長，而謂語較短時，常常將從句_，而用，而用it作為形式主語置于句首。作為形式主語

32、置于句首。it 也可也可作形式賓語作形式賓語。 后置后置考點考點6 it6 it作形式主語和形式賓語作形式主語和形式賓語用用it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)(1) It is名詞從句名詞從句 It is a fact that 事實是事實是 It is an honor that 非常榮幸非常榮幸 It is common knowledge that是常識是常識(2) It is形容詞從句形容詞從句 (多用多用 should) It is natural that 很自然很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是奇怪的是(3) It is 不及物動詞從句不及物動詞從句 It

33、 seems that 似乎似乎 It happened that 碰巧碰巧 It appears that 似乎似乎(4) It is 過去分詞從句過去分詞從句 It is reported that 據(jù)報道據(jù)報道 It has been proved that 已證實已證實 It is said that 據(jù)說據(jù)說1）It is certain that he will come.2）It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week.3）It happened that we were out for

34、 a walk yesterday evening.在賓語從句中在賓語從句中, 如果賓語從句后有賓語如果賓語從句后有賓語補足語，為了保持句子平衡補足語，為了保持句子平衡, 用用it作形式作形式賓語賓語, 將從句放于句尾將從句放于句尾, 常用于此句型的常用于此句型的動詞有動詞有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think.1）I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. 2）I think it a pity to waste the food. 考點考點7 同位語從句的引導和辨別同位

35、語從句的引導和辨別1.同位語從句的格式：同位語從句的格式：n.+ 連接詞連接詞 + 從句從句2.能接同位語從句的名詞有：能接同位語從句的名詞有：fact, idea, news, information, order, belief, advice, suggestion等抽象名詞等抽象名詞3.連接詞通常是連接詞通常是that,也可根據(jù)含義選用也可根據(jù)含義選用whether, what, when, where 等來引導同位等來引導同位語從句。語從句。1) I have no idea _ he comes from.2) He cant answer the question _ he go

36、t the money.3) He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4) I have no doubt _ he will win.5) I have some doubt _ he will win.that/ whether / where/ howwherehowthatthatwhether4. 同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句同位語從句說明說明的名詞大都是抽象名詞的名詞大都是抽象名詞; 定語從句定語從句所所修飾、限定修飾、限定的名詞或代詞有的名詞或代詞有抽象的也有不抽象的。抽象的也有不抽象的。We express the hope that they will come to visit China again. Those who want to go please sign their names here. 1)