argumentation英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作議論文PPT課件

1、1Argumentation is the type of writing in which writers try to encourage readers to accept their point of view on a controversial issue. A piece of argumentative written work expresses the writers own idea on a subject instead of merely assembling facts.2. .Make the reader agree with its point of vie

2、w and support it, to persuade him to change his mind or behavior, and to approve a policy or a course of action that it proposes.3What it involves What it aims at 1.Presenting a point of view2. Explaining, clarifying, and illustrating the point of view Getting readers to understand the point of view

3、 1. Assuming controversy2. Presenting a point of view3. Explaining, clarifying, and illustrating the point of view4. Supplying proof for the point of view5. Refuting opposing viewpoints 1. Convincing readers that the point of view is sound2. Encouraging readers to accept the point of view, and/or3.

4、Encouraging readers to take action 4While an exposition makes something and it to make the reader understand, an argumentation makes the reader agree with its point of view and support it, to him to change his mind or behavior, and to approve a policy or a course of action that it proposes.5Examinat

5、ion Harmful or Useful? My Views on Examinations Which Weighs More School Brand or Major? Why I Came to College Should Class Attendance Be Required? Laid-off Workers Have to Face Reality Internet the Indispensable of Our Life Should Euthanasia (安樂(lè)死) Be Legalized?AEAEAEEA6Introduction:Introduction: Is

6、sue; Background information; Definition of terms.ClaimClaim: : Thesis statement.BodyBody: : Reasons and evidence; Emotional appeals; Refutation (反駁).ConclusionConclusion: : Restatement of claim; Final appeal; Urge to take action.7The issue a controversy, a problem, or an idea about which people disa

7、gree and hold different points of view.The claim the point of view the writer tries to prove about the issue, usually the writers view on the issue.The support ideas and information intended to convince readers that the claim is sound or believable. The three common types of support are reasons, evi

8、dence and emotional appeal.8(1) A debatable point(2) Sufficient evidence(3) Clear logic(4) An honest and friendly attitude(5) Good use of the other three types of writing description, narration, and especially the various methods of exposition.9In the opening paragraph give a well-defined theme, or

9、clearly state your point of view of the issue.It is imperative that the paper should have a something can be viewed from more than one angle and is therefore open to dispute.10uChinese doctors use acupuncture anesthesia to perform certain operations. uAcupuncture anesthesia should replace convention

10、al anesthesia in all operations.uCertain electronic equipment have been used in road control.uElectronic equipment should be applied in all road control.11 Although many young people would agree that those who are old enough to vote, fight, and die for their country are old enough to drive responsib

11、ly, the drinking age should remain twenty-one because of the dangers of alcohol-related accidents and the lack of alcohol education programs.12lProvide sufficient evidenceProvide sufficient evidence Examples concrete, illustrative, representative Facts readily accepted, be based on personal observat

12、ion Statistics avoid presenting a long list of figures Authorities those who are experienced and knowledgeable in certain fields lValid evidence is that which is clearly and with the point to be proved.13From the least important to the most importantFrom the most familiar to the least familiarFrom t

13、he easiest for the reader to accept or comprehend to the most difficult 14Is the more common way. When you use induction, you start with facts and proceed from facts to a general conclusion. In other words, you move from specific examples to a general statement.15演繹The process is just the opposite o

14、f inductive reasoning it moves from a general statement to a specific conclusion. It works on the model of syllogism（三段論法） a three-part argument in which there are two statements, known as the major premise and the minor premise, and a conclusion. 16Major premises: Big city can be dangerous.Major pr

15、emises: New York is one of the big cities.Conclusion: New York can be dangerous.ORORMajor premises: All human beings make mistakes.Major premises: X is a human being.Conclusion: Therefore, X makes mistakes.17The purpose is to win readers to your side. By showing respect for the merit in their positi

16、on, you are decreasing readers resistance to your own position. Besides, it also proves that you understand that no arguable position is absolutely right.18Should University Students Go in for Business?Should University Students Go in for Business?19There are two opposite views on university student

17、s trying their hands at business. One is that doing business helps to adapt better to the society after graduation, while the other says it might occupy too much of the students time and energy which in turn has a negative impact on their academic study. In my opinion, as long as we can successfully

18、 strike a balance between doing business and studying, the advantages of the former are more obvious.20 First, it lets us put what we have learned to practice. In fact, doing business is not that easy as we have expected. It requires good communication skill, negotiation knacks (訣竅), presentation ca

19、pabilities, and so on. Although we can learn all these from textbooks, they are theoretical only. And the real situations are far more complicated. As long as we put theories into practice, we can grasp their essence better. That is also why at present, more universities emphasizing on the chance to

20、 do business ourselves, why should we not have a try? 21Second, it lets us adapt better to the society. It is known that it needs time to conduct the role-shifting from a student to a profession. The earlier we are able to adapt to the business environment of the society, the better it is for our fu

21、ture career development. At the same time, doing business is beneficial when we are trying to find a right position in the society for ourselves.22Last but not least, it involves other aspects too. If we can make best of our leisure time to do something we are interested in, like business, on the ba

22、sis of the guarantee that academic study in the universities will not be influenced, it surely makes our campus life more colorful and meaningful.23Undoubtedly, doing business is full of risk. To cope it well not only needs bravery and creativity but also requires knowledge and wisdom. So, through d

23、oing business, we university students are more likely to be a high-caliber intellectual and make a greater contribution to society in future.24Writing of Argumentation社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)話(huà)題寫(xiě)作邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)話(huà)題寫(xiě)作邏輯結(jié)構(gòu) Paragraph 1: (1) 概括性的引出要評(píng)論的事物或觀(guān)點(diǎn)（general）； (2) 具體描述這個(gè)事物或者觀(guān)點(diǎn)（或者是我對(duì)這個(gè)現(xiàn)象/ 事物的基本看法specific）。Paragraph 2: (1) 作者對(duì)

24、該現(xiàn)象或問(wèn)題的基本看法，即文章的論點(diǎn)句； (2) 支持性的細(xì)節(jié)分論點(diǎn)（至少兩點(diǎn)）； (3) 本段總結(jié)（可以省略）。Paragraph 3: (1) 總結(jié)全文，定下結(jié)論（通常為我的對(duì)策或看法）。辯論式議論文模版1 Some people believe (argue, recognize, think)that 觀(guān)點(diǎn)1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 觀(guān)點(diǎn)2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 論據(jù)1. More importantly, 論據(jù)2. Most important of all, 論據(jù)3. In summary, 總結(jié)觀(guān)點(diǎn). As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心. 或:From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測(cè). 27模版2 People hold different views about X. Some people are