高考英語二輪復習精品課件第3模塊 閱讀理解 專題5　文化教育型閱讀理解

1、專題五專題五文化教育型閱讀文化教育型閱讀專題導讀專題導讀專題五專題五 專題導讀專題導讀文化教育類閱讀理解的文章屬高考常選材料之一，它以文化教育類閱讀理解的文章屬高考常選材料之一，它以中西文化差異作為選材的重點，常涉及文化、教育、法制、中西文化差異作為選材的重點，常涉及文化、教育、法制、宗教等方面的文學藝術、發(fā)明創(chuàng)造、文化遺產保護、宗教與宗教等方面的文學藝術、發(fā)明創(chuàng)造、文化遺產保護、宗教與文化、風俗與習慣、道德與法制、中外文學名著節(jié)選、各國文化、風俗與習慣、道德與法制、中外文學名著節(jié)選、各國學校教育、家庭教育等，重視語言和文化的關系。閱讀材料學校教育、家庭教育等，重視語言和文化的關系。閱讀材料更

2、多地涉及社會文化背景知識。因此，要通過閱讀更多地了更多地涉及社會文化背景知識。因此，要通過閱讀更多地了解并豐富自己的社會文化背景知識。解并豐富自己的社會文化背景知識。專題五專題五 專題導讀專題導讀這類材料的命題點往往在主旨大意題、事實細節(jié)題上。這類材料的命題點往往在主旨大意題、事實細節(jié)題上。在做這類閱讀理解題時，應注意以下幾個方面：在做這類閱讀理解題時，應注意以下幾個方面：(1)采用先題采用先題后文：先讀題目，再帶著問題讀文章。這類閱讀理解文章相后文：先讀題目，再帶著問題讀文章。這類閱讀理解文章相對來說事實細節(jié)題稍多一些，如果帶著問題讀文章，有利于對來說事實細節(jié)題稍多一些，如果帶著問題讀文章，

3、有利于我們抓細節(jié)。我們抓細節(jié)。 (2)先做細節(jié)題。因為做完了局部性的事實細節(jié)先做細節(jié)題。因為做完了局部性的事實細節(jié)題后，自然會加深我們對文章的理解，這樣更有利于做主旨題后，自然會加深我們對文章的理解，這樣更有利于做主旨大意題。大意題。(3)重點敲定主旨題。主旨大意題提問的形式主要有重點敲定主旨題。主旨大意題提問的形式主要有兩大類：一類是兩大類：一類是main idea型；一類是型；一類是topic或或title型。型。真題典例真題典例專題五專題五 真題典例真題典例 【2011廣東卷廣東卷】can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same

4、 home? people who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cat are worried that they will fight.a recent research has found a new recipe for success.according to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats,

5、a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly.twothirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.專題五專題五 真題典例真題典例however, it wasnt all sweetness and light.there was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of t

6、he homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes.one reason for this is probably that some of their body signals are just opposite.for example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.in homes with cats and dogs liv

7、ing peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior.they are learning how to talk each others language.it is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk dog， and dogs can learn how to talk cat專題五專題五 真題典例真題典例whats interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligenc

8、e.they can learn to read each others body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than was previously suspected.once familiar with each others presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa.they can

9、 easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理梳理) each other.the significance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond petsto people who dont get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers.if cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people ha

10、ve a good chance.專題五專題五 真題典例真題典例()1.the underlined word swimmingly in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _.aearlybsweetlycquickly dsmoothly()2.some cats and dogs may fight when _.athey are cold to each otherbthey look away from each othercthey misunderstand each others signalsdthey are introduced

11、at an early age()3.what is found surprising about cats and dogs?athey eat and sleep together.bthey observe each others behaviors.cthey learn to speak each others language.dthey know something from each others voices.專題五專題五 真題典例真題典例()4.it is suggested in paragraph 4 that cats and dogs _.ahave common

12、interestsbare less different than was thoughtchave a common body languagedare less intelligent than was expected()5.what can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?awe should learn to live in harmony.bwe should know more about animals.cwe should live in peace with animals.dwe should learn more bod

13、y languages.專題五專題五 真題典例真題典例 【解析【解析】 本文是一篇說明文。通過科學研究表明貓和狗本文是一篇說明文。通過科學研究表明貓和狗在一定的情況下是能夠和平相處的，而他們不能和平相處是在一定的情況下是能夠和平相處的，而他們不能和平相處是由他們誤解了彼此的身勢語而造成的。但有趣的是貓和狗能由他們誤解了彼此的身勢語而造成的。但有趣的是貓和狗能夠相互學習彼此的身勢語，這樣他們就能和平相處。夠相互學習彼此的身勢語，這樣他們就能和平相處。1d詞義猜測題。由第一段詞義猜測題。由第一段“a recent research has found a new recipe for succes

14、s.”可知貓和狗也可可知貓和狗也可以平靜友好地相處，因此意義最接近的是以平靜友好地相處，因此意義最接近的是d項。項。2c細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes.one reason for this is probably that some of their body signals are just opposite.”可知選可知選c。專題五專題五 真題典例真題典例3c細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“in homes with cats

15、 and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behaviour.they are learning how to talk each others language.”可知選可知選c。4b細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“they can learn to read each others body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than was previously suspected.”可知選可知選

16、b。5a推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的最后一段可知。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的最后一段可知。專題五專題五 新題預測新題預測(一一)a few years ago, i took a sightseeing trip to washington，d.c.standing outside the ronald reagan center, i heard a voice say, “can you help me？” when i turned around, i saw an elderly blind woman with her hand extended (伸伸展展)in a natural refl

17、ex (反射反射), i reached into my pocket, pulled out all of my loose change and placed it on her hand without even looking at her.i was annoyed at being bothered by a beggar.but the blind woman smiled and said, “i dont want your money.i just need help finding the post office.”新題預測新題預測專題五專題五 新題預測新題預測in an

18、 instant, i realized what i had done.i judged another person simply for what i assumed she had to be.i hated what i saw in myself.this incident reawakened my belief in humility (謙恭謙恭), even though id lost it for a moment.the thing i had forgotten about myself is that i am an immigrant(移民移民)i left ho

19、nduras and arrived in the us.at the age of 15.i started my new life with two suitcases, my brother and sister, and a strong, seriousminded mother.through the years, i have been a dishwasher, mechanic and pizza delivery driver among many other humble (卑微的卑微的) jobs, and eventually i became a network e

20、ngineer.專題五專題五 新題預測新題預測in my own life, i have experienced many open acts of prejudice.i remember a time, at age 17, i worked as a waiter, and i heard a father tell his little boy that if he did not do well in school, he would end up like me.i have also witnessed the same treatment of my family and f

21、riends, so i know what its like, and i should have known better.but now, living in my american middleclass lifestyle, it is too easy to forget my past, to forget who i am and where i have been, and to lose sight of where i want to be going.that blind woman on the streets of washington，d.c., cured me

22、 of my blindness.she reminded me of my belief in humility and to always keep my eyes and heart open.by the way, i helped that lady to the post office.and in writing this essay, i hope to thank her for the priceless lesson.專題五專題五 新題預測新題預測()1.we can learn from the first two paragraphs that_.athe autho

23、r regretted his act of prejudicebthe blind woman needed the money badlycthe author was as poor as the blind womandthe author was a native american()2.according to paragraph 4, hearing the fathers words, the author was probably_.arather hurtbvery excitedcdeeply moveddgreatly inspired 專題五專題五 新題預測新題預測(

24、)3.according to the passage, the author probably agrees that one should_.abe nice to the elderly and the disabledbtry to experience different kinds of lifectreat others equally with love and respectdthink about ones past as often as possible()4.according to the passage, how many statements are true?

25、ai was not born in america.bi was impatient with the blind woman at first.ci wouldnt like to help the blind woman at all.di have a rather rich life now.ei once was ashamed of my first jobs.a2. b3.c4. d5.專題五專題五 新題預測新題預測()5.which of the following can be the best title for the passage?alearn from your

26、pastbhow my dream comes trueca belief that will never changeda priceless lesson in the street專題五專題五 新題預測新題預測【解析】一位上了年紀的女盲人在街頭向作者求助，作【解析】一位上了年紀的女盲人在街頭向作者求助，作者卻想當然地認為她是在乞討。之后作者知道自己錯了，羞者卻想當然地認為她是在乞討。之后作者知道自己錯了，羞愧難當，經深刻反省后，端正了思想認識。愧難當，經深刻反省后，端正了思想認識。1a事實推理題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句事實推理題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句in an instant, i realize

27、d what i had done.和和i judged another.she had to be.再聯(lián)系第四段再聯(lián)系第四段acts of prejudice可知，作者知道自己錯可知，作者知道自己錯了，不該帶著偏見行事，瞧不起窮人。了，不該帶著偏見行事，瞧不起窮人。2a推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句i remember a time.end up like me.可知，當時那個小孩的父親把作者當可知，當時那個小孩的父親把作者當成了反例來教育孩子，作者可能受到了很大的傷害。成了反例來教育孩子，作者可能受到了很大的傷害。3c推理判斷題。幫助盲人這件事并不大，但作者深推理

28、判斷題。幫助盲人這件事并不大，但作者深刻反省，認識到不應該對弱勢群體持有偏見。刻反省，認識到不應該對弱勢群體持有偏見。c項說法與作項說法與作者的意圖一致。者的意圖一致。專題五專題五 新題預測新題預測4c細節(jié)理解題。從第三段第一、二句話可知細節(jié)理解題。從第三段第一、二句話可知a正確，正確，從最后一句話可知從最后一句話可知e正確，從第一段可知正確，從第一段可知b正確，從最后一段可正確，從最后一段可知知d正確，從本文最后的結果可知作者后來幫助了那個失明的正確，從本文最后的結果可知作者后來幫助了那個失明的老婦人，故老婦人，故c敘述有誤，故本題答案為敘述有誤，故本題答案為c。5d歸納標題題。主要根據(jù)在末

29、段第二、三句歸納標題題。主要根據(jù)在末段第二、三句that blind womanof my blindness.she reminded me.and heart open. 關鍵詞語是末段第二句的關鍵詞語是末段第二句的on the streets和最后一和最后一句的句的the priceless lesson。專題五專題五 新題預測新題預測(二二)just what is a tiger mother? amy chua is a law professor at americas yale university and her recent book on the subject is m

30、aking waves.shes been called “dangerous”， “outrageous”， even a “monster” for her descriptions of how she brought up her two daughters.her book battle hymn of the tiger mother describes fighting with a daughter for hours at the piano to ensure the child gets a piece of music right.she rejected birthd

31、ay cards made for her by her girls because she didnt think they had made enough effort.she compared one child negatively with the other, threatening to burn their toys.her rules include: schoolwork always comes first; an aminus is a bad grade; children must be two專題五專題五 新題預測新題預測years ahead of their

32、classmates in math, and playing the violin or the piano is a must.ms. chua considers the chinese hard work ethic as a way of creating happy, successful childrenat least in her case.although shes had a large amount of flak for her theories, one thing cant be ignoredthe success of chinese children in

33、the education system.in britain, shocking research shows that chinese girls, for example, are outperforming all other foreign groups at gcse79 percent getting 5 ac grades, compared with 58 percent of white british girls.so what is it about chinese parenting thats leading to high achievers? and how d

34、o amy chuas theories play into that success?專題五專題五 新題預測新題預測she told me that if her daughter came back from school with 96/100 in a test, chua would ask her what happened to the other 4 points.its about always knowing “you can do better”， she told me.interestingly, in china, the birthplace of the tig

35、er mother, people are moving away from traditional chinese parenting. they are following more western parenting styles.專題五專題五 新題預測新題預測()1.after reading amy chuas recent book, the public _.afeel very sorry for their own childrenbconsider her a very successful mothercrealize their methods of bringing

36、up children are wrongddont think highly of her methods of bringing up her children()2.what can we learn about amy chua according to paragraph 2?ashe is very strict with her children.bshe doesnt think her children are clever.cshe is very interested in playing the piano.dshe knows playing is important to children.專題五專題五 新題預測新題預測()3.