定語從句專練PPT課件

1、1定語從句專練定語從句專練2 que sera sera when i was just a little girl,i asked my mother, what will i be ? will i be pretty? will i be rich ? heres what she said to me. que sera sera, whatever will be, will be. the futures not ours to see , que sera sera. what will be , will be. when i grew up and fell in love,

2、 i asked my sweet heart, what lies ahead? will we have rainbows day after day? heres what my sweet heart said, que sera sera. whatever will be will be. the futures not ours to see. que sera sera. what will be will be. now i have children of my own . they ask their mother, what will i be ? will i be

3、handsome ? will i be rich ? i tell them tenderly , que sera sera. whatever will be will be . the futures not ours to see. que sera sera. . what will be will be.31.the manager discussed the plan that they would like to see_the next year.（2000全國高考）全國高考） a. carried out b. carrying out c. carry out d. t

4、o carry out2._is known to everyone , the moon travels round the earth once every month.(2001全國高考全國高考) a.until b. as c. that d. what高考例題高考例題: :ab4一一.英語句子從結構上看有三種類型英語句子從結構上看有三種類型： 1.簡單句（簡單句（simple sentence) 2.并列句（并列句（compound sentence) 3.復合句復合句 （complex sentence) 5 (1)簡單句的五大基本句型：簡單句的五大基本句型： 主語主語+連系動詞連

5、系動詞+表語表語 主語主語 及物動詞賓語及物動詞賓語 主語不及物動詞狀語主語不及物動詞狀語 主語及物動詞間賓直賓主語及物動詞間賓直賓 主語及物動詞賓語賓補主語及物動詞賓語賓補 her face turned red with anger. you can consider my suggestion. this kind of cloth sells well.he explained the sentence to us.he found the work half done.6（2）并列句：由兩個或兩個以上等立而又）并列句：由兩個或兩個以上等立而又 相互獨立的相互獨立的簡單句構成，兩個簡單

6、句由等立連詞連在一起。簡單句構成，兩個簡單句由等立連詞連在一起。 其結構其結構是：是： 簡單句簡單句+等立連詞等立連詞+簡單句簡單句（3）復合句：由一個主句或幾個從句構成的句子。）復合句：由一個主句或幾個從句構成的句子。從句只用作句子的一個成份，不能獨立。根據(jù)從句在從句只用作句子的一個成份，不能獨立。根據(jù)從句在句中的作用，可分為名詞性從句、定語從句和狀語從句中的作用，可分為名詞性從句、定語從句和狀語從句三類。句三類。he has studied english for only one year,but he can read and write now./keep on and you wi

7、ll make progress.7定語：定語：用于修飾名詞或代詞用于修飾名詞或代詞he is a physics teacher.please show me another ticket. australia is an english-speaking country.是一個成份，由一個句子充當某個成份是一個成份，由一個句子充當某個成份 從句從句：8三三.定語從句定語從句： 由一個句子充當定語由一個句子充當定語從句的位置：從句的位置：在名詞或代詞后在名詞或代詞后先行詞先行詞： 被定語從句修飾的詞被定語從句修飾的詞引導詞引導詞：引導定語從句的詞引導定語從句的詞 關系代詞關系代詞 關系副詞關

8、系副詞 引導詞的作用：引導詞的作用： (1)引導定語從句引導定語從句 (2)在從句中作一成份在從句中作一成份 (3)代替先行詞在從句中的位置代替先行詞在從句中的位置9開動腦筋開動腦筋：看誰的句子最漂亮？看誰的句子最漂亮？1.a traveller is a person whothat travels2.a computer is a machine3.a clock is a machine4.a fridge is a machine5.a tailor is a person6.a beggar is a person7.a teacher is a person8.a nurse is

9、 a person9.the panda is a kind of animal10.april ist is the daythat does counting most quickly.that tells people time.which is used to keep food fresh.who makes clothes.who makes a living by begging.who gives lessons to students.that looks after people who are ill.that can be found only in china.whi

10、ch is called april fools day in the west.10 作用作用例句例句作主語作主語we visited the factory which that makes toys for children.most managers who that are present at the meeting agreed to the plan.作賓語作賓語the student whomthatwho you want to see has come.the letter which that i received yesterday was from my fathe

11、r.作定語作定語the girl whose mother is a teacher works very hard.the room whose windows were broken was mine.作狀語作狀語in 1998,he returned to the small town where he grew up.i still remember the day when i met him for the first time.the reason why he missed the speech was that he didnt catch the bus.關系代詞和關系副詞

12、的作用關系代詞和關系副詞的作用11關系代詞和關系副詞如何區(qū)別？關系代詞和關系副詞如何區(qū)別？1.the reason _he missed the speech is that he forgot the time.2.the reason_he gave us sounded reasonable.3.ill never forget the day _we spent together in paris.4.ill remember the day_we stayed together at that time.5.this is the factory_we visited last ye

13、ar.6.this is the house _lincoln once lived.rememberremember: : 引導詞用關系代詞還是用關系副詞關鍵要看他們引導詞用關系代詞還是用關系副詞關鍵要看他們在從句中作什么成份而定。或者說，假如把先行詞放到從句中在從句中作什么成份而定。或者說，假如把先行詞放到從句中是作主語、賓語還是狀語而定。是作主語、賓語還是狀語而定。whythatwhichthatwhichwhenthatwhichwhere127.(1) he still lives in the room _window faces to the south. (2) he stil

14、l lives in the room _is in the north of the city. whosewhich8.(1)i will never forget the days _we studied together. (2)i will never forget the days _we spent together.whenthat 9.(1) the reason _he didnt come was that he was ill. (2) the reason _he explained is not true.whythat10.(1) we will meet at

15、the same place_we met last month. (2) we will meet at the same place _we visited last month.wherethat13 who,that （先行詞為人）（先行詞為人） 有區(qū)別嗎？有區(qū)別嗎？1.用用who不用不用that的情況：的情況： (1)當先行詞為當先行詞為one,ones,anyone,those時。時。 (2)當先行詞為人稱代詞時。當先行詞為人稱代詞時。he who does not reach the great wall is not a true man.those who have any

16、difficulty with pronunciation should practise more.2. 用用that不用不用who的情況的情況： (1) 當先行詞既是人又是物。當先行詞既是人又是物。 (2)當句子出現(xiàn)一個當句子出現(xiàn)一個who等。等。 （3）關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時。）關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時。he talked a lot about the things and persons that he had remembered therewho is the man that spoke to you just now?mary is no longer the gi

17、rl that she used to be.14which,thatwhich,that ( (先行詞為物）先行詞為物） 有區(qū)別嗎？有區(qū)別嗎？1.只用只用thatthat不用不用which which 的情況的情況： (1)先行詞為先行詞為much,little,few,nothing,none,anything,no,all等不定代詞等不定代詞 （2）先行詞既是人又是物。）先行詞既是人又是物。 （3）先行詞為形容詞的最高級或序數(shù)詞）先行詞為形容詞的最高級或序數(shù)詞。（4）先行詞被）先行詞被the very,the only,the last,any,every,who等修飾時等修飾時。all

18、 that can be done has been done.he spoke of the things and persons that he had seen abroad.this is the very book that i am looking for.who that has such a home doesnt love it?（5）關系代詞在從句中作表語時）關系代詞在從句中作表語時china is no longer the country that it used to be.this is one of the best films that i have ever

19、seen.15只能用只能用which which 的情況的情況: :2. 引導非限制性定語從句修飾某物或整個句子時只能用引導非限制性定語從句修飾某物或整個句子時只能用which(1) the machine ,which i have looked after for many years ,is still working perfectly.(2)she failed the exam, which made her parents vary angry.(3)he saw a film, which was about the long march.(4)my glasses,witho

20、ut which i was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke.1.介詞前置時關系代詞只能用介詞前置時關系代詞只能用which(先行詞為物先行詞為物)remember:which remember:which 在這兩種情況下即使在句中在這兩種情況下即使在句中作賓語也不能省。作賓語也不能省。16介詞介詞+ +關系代詞關系代詞先行詞為人先行詞為人,關系代詞用關系代詞用 whom; 先行詞為物先行詞為物,關系代詞用關系代詞用which.關系代詞在介詞后不能用關系代詞在介詞后不能用that,關系代詞也不能省。如介詞放在關系代詞也不能省。如介詞放

21、在句尾，引導詞可用句尾，引導詞可用that 或或who,而且可省去。而且可省去。關系代詞和關系副詞可轉換：關系代詞和關系副詞可轉換：where,when,why =介詞介詞+which1.this is the reason _ _he left his hometown. (=why)2.ill never forget the day_ _ we stayed together. (=when)3.this is the girl _ _i learned the news.4.the person_ _ i spoke just now is the manager that i tol

22、d you about. 5.ill show you a store_ _you may buy all that you need.(=where)6.i dont like the way_ _ you laughed at her.(=that;)for whichon whichfrom whom to whomin whichin which17基礎鞏固基礎鞏固 (correct mistakes)1.do you like the bike your friend gave it to you? 2.this is the very place where we visited

23、many years ago.3. there are ten students are playing basketball on the playground.4. english is a subject i am interested.5.can you show me the book which have been translated into english by smith?（多詞）（多詞）（錯用引導詞）（錯用引導詞） （漏引導詞）（漏引導詞）（漏介詞）（漏介詞）（主謂不一致）（主謂不一致）18 定語從句幾種句型歸納：定語從句幾種句型歸納：1.this is the most

24、 exciting football match that i have ever seen. 2.i dont like the way in which/that/不填不填 you laughed at others. 3.it is the third time that you have been late this week. it is the last time that i shall give you a lesson.4.the reason why/that he didnt attend the meeting was that his mother was serio

25、usly ill.5. the reason for his failure is that he didnt work hard.19想一想想一想 理一理理一理學好定語從句最關鍵的是什么？學好定語從句最關鍵的是什么？定語從句修飾主句中某個名詞或代詞，起著相當于形容詞定語從句修飾主句中某個名詞或代詞，起著相當于形容詞（定語）的作用，所以也叫形容詞性從句。句子那個被修飾（定語）的作用，所以也叫形容詞性從句。句子那個被修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后。要學好定的詞叫先行詞。定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后。要學好定語從句，最關鍵要掌握以下兩點：語從句，最關鍵要掌握以下兩點：1.弄清關系代

26、詞和關系副詞的區(qū)別：他們在定語從句中的作用弄清關系代詞和關系副詞的區(qū)別：他們在定語從句中的作用 不同。關系代詞在從句中起名詞的作用，在從句中擔任主語，不同。關系代詞在從句中起名詞的作用，在從句中擔任主語，賓語，表語和賓語。關系副詞在從句中起副詞的作用，在從句賓語，表語和賓語。關系副詞在從句中起副詞的作用，在從句中擔任狀語。中擔任狀語。 2.掌握關系代詞和關系副詞的方法：主要看先行詞（假如放到掌握關系代詞和關系副詞的方法：主要看先行詞（假如放到從句中）在從句中所擔任的成份，所起的作用。從句中）在從句中所擔任的成份，所起的作用。引引 導導 詞詞關系代詞關系代詞關系副詞關系副詞在定語從句中作在定語從

27、句中作主語或賓語主語或賓語主語或賓語主語或賓語賓語賓語賓語或主語賓語或主語定語定語時間時間地點地點原因原因狀語狀語狀語狀語狀語狀語在從在從句中句中作賓作賓語可語可省去省去 先行詞為先行詞為whothatwhomwhichwhose人人物物/人人人人物物某人某人/某物的某物的whenwherewhy21三三.非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句定語從句有限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句兩種。非限制性定語定語從句有限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句兩種。非限制性定語從句要注意以下幾點從句要注意以下幾點：（舉例說明）：（舉例說明）1.his mother ,whom he loved dearly,wen

28、t abroad. 2.this machine ,which he has looked after for many years ,is still working perfectly.3.aqiao,whose parents had died ,had to make a living by herself.4.the family ,who lived upstairs,are fond of music.說明說明：非限制性定語不能用非限制性定語不能用that 引導；引導； 作賓語用的關系代詞不能省；作賓語用的關系代詞不能省； 要用逗號隔開。要用逗號隔開。22限制性定語從句和非限性定

29、語從句限制性定語從句和非限性定語從句用法與區(qū)別用法與區(qū)別限制性定語從句限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句“限限”是先行詞不可缺少的是先行詞不可缺少的定語定語.如果省去，主句意思如果省去，主句意思不完整或不明確；不完整或不明確；“非限非限”只是附加說明。只是附加說明。all the people were talking about the wonderful cloththe emperor had ordered to be woventhey set up a state of their own,where they would be free to keep negroes

30、 as slaves.“限限”于主句之間不能用逗于主句之間不能用逗號隔開；號隔開；“非限非限”與主句之與主句之間要用逗號隔開。間要用逗號隔開。she is the nurse who looks after the children.the letter is from my sister,who is working in beijing.“限限”可以用可以用that引導；引導；“非限非限”不能用不能用that引導引導that is the very tool that we are looking fori saw a good film, which was about the long

31、 march“限限”的關聯(lián)詞作賓語時可的關聯(lián)詞作賓語時可?。环窍迍t不可?。环窍迍t不可i will never forget the day （that ）we spent together therehis dog,which he liked very much, died yesterday.“限限”一般只修飾先行詞；一般只修飾先行詞；非限既可修飾先行詞，也可非限既可修飾先行詞，也可是前面的整個句子或句子的是前面的整個句子或句子的一部分一部分i have finished the novel that you lent me yesterdayhe suddenly fell ill, w

32、hich prevented him from going to school.23難點解析：難點解析：關系代詞作介詞賓語的幾種結構關系代詞作介詞賓語的幾種結構：1.介詞介詞 + whomwhichthe woman general still remember the day on which she joined the army.2.介詞介詞 短語短語 + whichwhomthe fisherman lived in a small house in front of which lies a well. 3. 不定代詞不定代詞 或數(shù)詞或數(shù)詞 +whichwhomthere are m

33、any books here , none of which belongs to me.china has a lot of famous writers, one of whom is luxun.4.名詞名詞+ of whichshe mentioned a magazine,the title of which i have forgotten.=she joined the army on that day =and a well lies in front of it.=and none of them belongs to me.=and one of them is luxin

34、=and i have forgotten the title of it 24 做做試試：做做試試：1.he paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows,most of _had not been cleaned for at least one year.2.in the dark street, there was not a single person _ _she could turn for help.3.china has a lot of islands ,the largest_ _is taiwan.4.the old lady ha

35、d one son and two daughters,_ _ _treated her well, _made her very sad. 5.there are forty students in our class,_ _20 are girls; the rest are boys.whichtowhomofwhichnoneofwhomwhichofwhom25你知道嗎你知道嗎? ?as as 也可以用來引導定語從句也可以用來引導定語從句.1.he is not such a man as only think of himself. 2.i should like to use t

36、he same pen as i used yesterday.3.such problems as are often mentioned should be solved.4.i will read as many books as are required.5. here is so big a stone as no one can lift.當先行詞與當先行詞與as,so,such,the same as,so,such,the same 連用或先行詞本身是連用或先行詞本身是such,the such,the samesame時時, ,關系代詞用關系代詞用as. asas. as在從

37、句中作主語、賓語或表語。在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。26請討論請討論：as ,which as ,which 引導非限制性定語從句引導非限制性定語從句 有什么不同嗎？有什么不同嗎？1.which的先行詞可以是名詞，的先行詞可以是名詞，as不可。不可。 (1) the meeting, which was held in the park,was a great success. (2) all the books , which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.2.which和和as都可代替整個句子的意思，但都可代替整個

38、句子的意思，但which引導的從句不引導的從句不 放句首。放句首。 (1)crusos dog became ill and died ,which made him very lonely. (2)as we expected, our football team lost the match again.3.as 引導的從句有引導的從句有(正如正如),(就象就象),(由由而知）等含義而知）等含義. (1)taiwan is a part of china,as is known to us all. (2)she is very careful,as her work shows, (3)

39、the lady is very learned,as is said in the book.27定語從句和其它句型的轉換定語從句和其它句型的轉換1.定語從句和非謂語動詞：定語從句和非謂語動詞： (1)there are lots of good english programmes which are broadcast on tv or the radio in china.-there are lots of good english programmes _ on tv or the radio in china. (2)at one time there were long que

40、ues of people who were waiting outside the caac offices.-at one time there were long queues of people _ outside the caac offices.分析基本規(guī)律：分析基本規(guī)律：從句是主動形式，用現(xiàn)在分詞從句是主動形式，用現(xiàn)在分詞; ; 從句是被動形式，從句是被動形式，用過去分詞?；蛘呖炊ㄕZ和被修飾詞之間的關系，如果定語和被用過去分詞?；蛘呖炊ㄕZ和被修飾詞之間的關系，如果定語和被修飾修飾 詞之間是主謂關系，用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果定語和被修飾詞之間是主謂關系，用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果定語和被修飾 詞之間

41、詞之間是動賓關系，用過去分詞；是動賓關系，用過去分詞； broadcastwaiting282.定語從句和并列句定語從句和并列句 1. i saw some trees, and the leaves of the trees were black with disease.-i saw some trees, the leaves of _were black with disease.2. the professor is an ordinary-looking little man, on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses3.the worl

42、d trade organization (wto) finally opened its door to china on november 10,_ a 15-year wait.a. to end b. ended c. ending d. ends分析：分析：是否有連詞是區(qū)分定語從句和并列句的一個關鍵是否有連詞是區(qū)分定語從句和并列句的一個關鍵whichwhomc293.定語從句和狀語從句定語從句和狀語從句 (1)this is such a big stone _no one can lift it. this is such a big stone _no one can lift.

43、 (2)please put the letter in the drawer _ _he can easily find it.(=where) please put the letter_he can easily find it. 分析分析：（1 1）句從引導詞來看，狀語從句中的）句從引導詞來看，狀語從句中的that that 是連是連詞，在從句中不充當任何成分，而定語從句中的詞，在從句中不充當任何成分，而定語從句中的asas在從句在從句中要作一個成分（主語，賓語或表語）。中要作一個成分（主語，賓語或表語）。thatasin whichwhere304.定語從句和名詞性從句定語從句和名詞

44、性從句 (1) he did all (that) he could to help me .(=what) (2) all that can be done has been done. (=what) (3) _is known to us all, the earth turns round the sun. it is known to us all _taiwan belongs to china. (4)_ is known to us all is that the earth is smaller than the sun. asthatwhat317.定語從句和強調句定語從句

45、和強調句 (1) it is in this room _i lived last year. it is the room _i lived last year. (2) it was at seven oclock _he went to school this morning. it was seven oclock _he went to school this morning. 分析：分析：強調句句型：強調句句型：it is/was +it is/was +被強調的成份被強調的成份+that/who +that/who +其它其它部分去掉部分去掉 it is/was.that/who

46、 ,it is/was.that/who ,句子照樣成立。句子照樣成立。(1) i lived in this (1) i lived in this room last year. (2) he went to school at seven this morning.room last year. (2) he went to school at seven this morning.而定而定語從句的引導詞在句中要作一成份。語從句的引導詞在句中要作一成份。thatwherethatwhen328.定語從句和同位語從句定語從句和同位語從句 (1)the news _our volleyball team won the match