高中英語形容詞副詞即其比較等級Word版

1、形容詞, 副詞 I. 形容詞：形容詞修飾名詞/代詞, 說明被修飾的名詞代詞的特征. II. 1.形容詞位置: 通常用在名詞前,代詞后，連系動詞后. 形容詞作定語時(shí)通常前置, 但在以下情況, 形容詞必須后置: 1) 修飾合成不定代詞, something, anyone等. There is nobody absent today. 2) 以-able /-ble 結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于形容詞最高級或only修飾的名詞后. 如: That is the only solution possible. 3) 成對的形容詞可后置, 常用逗號給開. There was a large room, simp

2、le and beautiful. 4) 當(dāng) “形容詞+介詞/不定式” 構(gòu)成的短語作定語時(shí)后置. The teacher asked me a question too difficult to answer. A man so difficult to please must be hard to work with. 5) 當(dāng)old, long, high, wide, deep 等詞附有數(shù)量詞短語作定語時(shí)后置. At that time she was only a girl five years old. I have once seen a snake about a meter l

3、ong. Exp. 1. Is there anything new in todays newspaper? - No, _(沒有新內(nèi)容). 2. I have no _(可用的房間) for you. 3. People in the village, _(老的和少的), men and women, are fond of singing and dancing. 4. She saw a man _(大約兩米高的). 2. 有些形容詞既可以做前置定語也可以做后置定語, 但意思不同, 要注意區(qū)分. 常見的有: the responsible man (可依賴的) the man resp

4、onsible (應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)的) the present members (現(xiàn)在的) the members present (在場的) the absent students (心不在焉的) the students absent (缺席的) the concerned teachers (憂心忡忡的) the teachers concerned (有關(guān)的) 3. 表語形容詞: 常見的表語形容詞有(主要是以a-開頭的詞)：asleep, awake, alike, afraid, alive, alone, glad, ready, sorry, sure, ill, well (指健康狀況好

5、), ashamed, afloat(漂浮不定的), worth 等, 它們除了做表語外還可以做賓語補(bǔ)足語, 但不能做前置定語. 如： That cat is ill. That is a ill cat.(錯) That is a sick cat (正確). That is an asleep baby. (錯) That is a sleeping baby. (正確). He fell asleep in a short while. (正確). The driver was found alive after the terrible traffic accident. She wa

6、s the only person awake that night. 4. 形容詞的搭配: 形容詞與介詞的搭配不同，其后要求接的對象也不同，甚至意思也有所不同，有的搭配是固定的，構(gòu)成短語后的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)動詞，如：be strict with sb be strict in sth be pleased with sb be afraid of be friendly to be angry with sth sb /at sth be interested in be surprised/ amazed at be excited at/about be disappointed at b

7、e thankful to sb be familiar with be careful of be sure / certain of get/be tired of 2 / 14其他搭配: blind /dead dunk fast sleep much afraid much alike III. 形容詞的由來: 除自然形容詞外, 部分形容詞可以在名詞尾加上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~綴變成形容詞，如： care - careful fun -funny sun - sunny difference difference 附, 名詞變形容詞的規(guī)則：1. + y a. cloud cloudy b. sun

8、sunny c. noise noisy 2. + ful care careful help helpful 3. friend friendly sister sisterly 4. importance important difference different patience patient 5. + -less (無) care careless price priceless 注意：un- im- in- -less (均表示“不/無”.) 等不改變詞性，但詞義相反，如：happy unhappy comfortable uncomfortable expensive inex

9、pensive polite impolite possible impossible * 6. difficulty - difficult honesty - honest anger angry hunger hungry 有些形容詞還可以由動詞+ -ing / -ed變來，如：come coming die dying interest interesting surprise surprising worry worried disappoint disappointed convince convinced Exercises 1 將下列名詞變成形容詞：wind rain snow

10、 fun importance difficulty difference thank use care beauty help noise sun health taste price (無價(jià)的) home （無家可歸的）use (無用的) live care (粗心的) love brother honesty help(無助的) hunger IV. 副詞 1. 副詞主要修飾動詞，very, quite, really, pretty, rather, terribly (很，可怕地) 等也可以修飾形容詞和別的副詞。如：He runs quickly. It will be terrib

11、ly cold tomorrow. 2. 有的副詞還可以修飾全句，如：Luckily, his son was saved by the kind-hearted lady. 比較：1） He got very happy.(got變得，聯(lián)系動詞) He played very happily.(played 玩，行為動詞) 2）The song sounded very wonderfully.(錯) The song sounded very wonderful. (對) The singer sang very wonderful. (錯) The singer sang very wo

12、nderfully. (對) 3. 形容詞和副詞可以相互轉(zhuǎn)化：大多數(shù)形容詞可以在詞尾加上ly變成副詞（有一定的規(guī)則），也有少部分形容詞和副詞相同（如fast adj.快的；adv. 快地. hard adj.難的，硬的；adv.努力），個(gè)別形容詞和副詞根本不同（如good adj.好 well adv.好） 附，形容詞變副詞的規(guī)則： a. quick quickly b. happy happily c. true truly terrible terribly possible possibly probable probably Exercises 21. 變副詞： noisy- luck

13、y clear- polite- quiet- bad-true- terrible- good- wonderful- beautiful- strong-scary- fast- hardpossible - probable - silent - clear - 2.Choose the right answers: ( ) 1. Several students were _ last week. A. ill B. sick C. disease D. both A and B ( ) 2. The doctor says the _ man in bed is dying pret

14、ty soon. A. ill B. sick C. illness D. disease ( ) 3. He found it hard to fall _ last night. A. sleep B. sleeping C. asleep D. to sleep ( ) 4. She was angry _ her mother because she didnt buy her the nice coat. A. with B. to C. of D. in ( ) 5. They were excited _ the exciting message. A. in B. to C.

15、of D. about ( ) 6. The mother was very thankful _ the young lady_ the room she made for her. A. for, to B. at, for C. with, for D. to, for ( ) 7. Mary was very _ at getting 145 marks for her English. A. surprise B. surprising C. surprised D. surprises ( ) 8. Miss Gao is very strict _ her students an

16、d shes also strict _ her work. A. to, with B. with, in C. in, with D. with, with ( ) 9. The food tastes _. A. terrible B. terribly C. real D. true ( ) 10.Look! It is snowing quite_. A. strong B. heavy C. greatly D. heavily ( ) 11. Peter has been bored _ his job, so he wants to change it. A. of B. at

17、 C. with D. in ( ) 12. Im _ driving a car in rush hour. A. careful B. careful of C. care for D. careless ( ) 13. _, she found her lost son with the help of police. A. Luckily B. Luckily C. Luck D. Unluckily. ( ) 14. She must_ him because they often play together. A. be familiar to B. familiar with C

18、. be familiar with D. be similar to ( ) 15. Welles was so _ that hundreds of people believed the story. A. convince B. convinced C. convincing D. to convince 3. 用所給提示詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1) She was _ at such a sudden message. ( amaze ) 2) How _ Jenny White was! ( disappoint ) 3)What an _story! ( interested ) 4)

19、Look! The person seems _ ( sleep ). 5)She found the dog _ ( live ). 6)I want to buy the big _fish ( live ). 7)The scary shout is _( frighten ). 8)The boy was so _( frighten ) that he couldnt move out of the railway. 9)The man shouted at the naughty boy _( anger ).10) The teacher told us the _(重要) of

20、 the _ (仔細(xì)) observation. 11) She looked very _(worry) when she didnt find her child. 12) Her handbag hasnt been found yet. It is very _(annoy).13) She is such a _ girl that she made so many mistakes in the monthly exam. (care) 14) Look! The _ (sleep) baby is so nice. Dont _ him up. (wake). 15) He mu

21、st be _ ( illness ) and found her bag back. V. 形容詞、副詞比較等級 1. 比較級 形容詞和副詞都有原級，比較級和最高級。其句型結(jié)構(gòu)基本相似，微小區(qū)別在于謂語動詞是用連系動詞還是行為動詞，從而決定用形容詞比較級等級還是副詞比較等級.1. 指兩者的比較時(shí)，就要用到比較級。有如下幾種句型：1）A + 比較級 + than B. Jack is taller than Ed. He ran more slowly than I in last sports meeting. He thinks he is less careful than Jim. 2

22、) Which/Who+ 比較級, A or B? Which bag is heavier, the first one or the second one? Who finished the work earlier, Tom or Sam? 3) the + 比較級 + of the two. Sarah is the healthier of the two girls. The taller of the two boys is my brother. 4) 用by 表示相差的程度: She is taller than I by three inches. = She is thr

23、ee inches taller than I. 注意: 1) 比較級前可以用a little/bit(一點(diǎn)), a lot/much/far(得多), still(更), even(甚至), great deal, by far, any, three times 等來強(qiáng)調(diào)程度, 但不能用very, quite, pretty, rather和more等來修飾比較級. 如: Shes a little better at math than before. He runs far more slowly than I. 2) 比較只能在同類間進(jìn)行, 如不能說: Lilys hair is l

24、onger than I /me. 而必須說: Lilys hair is longer than mine / my hair. 3) 比較不能與自己相比, 排除自己的方法是使用other或 else , 這時(shí)是指在同一范圍內(nèi). 如不在同意范圍內(nèi)則無須使用other或else. 如: Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. Shanghai is bigger than any city in Sichuan. Nobody else does better in math than he in his class. = He doe

25、s better in math than anybody else in his class. 4). 為避免重復(fù)常用替代詞one, ones, that, those 等. 如: This picture is more beautiful than that one. The oranges on the plate are much bigger than those in the basket. (此處不能用 those ones) 5) 比較級and比較級：越來越 如：It getscolderandcolder天氣變得越來越寒冷。More and more Chinese peo

26、ple are learning English. more and more + 多音節(jié)形容詞/副詞原級：越來越 Our country is getting more and more beautiful. 我們國家正在變得越來越美麗. 6) The + 比較級 + 句子，the + 比較級 + 句子. 表示“越.， 越.”（按正比列增加）The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. The more English words you remember, the better your

27、English will be. The more trees we grow, the more beautiful our hometown is. 7) 貌似比較級的一些習(xí)慣用法: more than 與其 不如 如: Shes more shy than unfriendly. no more than = only 只 not more than = at most 不超過 /最多不過 如: His whole school education added up to no more than one year. no less than = as many/much as 多達(dá) n

28、ot less than = at least 至少 He paid no less than $ 1000 for it. The child is not less than 5 years old. no other than 只有, 正是 In no country other than Britain can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day. Exp. 1. I dont like the idea so I am _ enthusiastic about the idea. A. no more t

29、han B. not more than C. less than D. more than 2. Does Bill do his new job well? - _ his old job. Im afraid theres no hope for him. A. Better than B. No better than C. Not as well as D. No as well as 2. 最高級指三者或三者以上的比較時(shí), 用最高級. 形容詞最高級前必須加冠詞the, 副詞最高級前可以不加the. 表示比較的范圍時(shí)常用in或of (所給的詞語為指主語同類的代詞或數(shù)詞時(shí)用of)介詞短

30、語, 也常用于Which / Who the + 最高級, A, B or C? 句型中. 如: Yao Ming is one of the most popular soccer players of all. Which sport do you like best, football, basketball or table tennis? 1) 最高級的修飾語常見的有: by far (得多, 尤其), nearly, almost, by no means(絕不, 一點(diǎn)也不), not really(不完全是, 不見得), nothing like(絲毫不像, 絕對不) 等 2)

31、否定+ 比較級= 最高級 There no better present than this. He has never spent a more worrying day. 3. 同級比較 1) 指兩者在某方面是否處于同一層次時(shí)要用 “as + 原級 + as 或 not as/ so as” 表示“與一樣 或 不如 ”之意. Henry is a worker as good as Peter. = Henry is as good a worker as Peter. Henry doesnt have so/as many books as I do. 2) as + adj + as

32、 + 數(shù)量詞 = 數(shù)量詞+ 形容詞 The building is as tall as 100 meters. = The building is 100 meters tall. 3) 貌似同級比較但差別很大: as long as 只要, as far as 就 而言, as soon as 一就, as well as 既又, 也, as good as 與幾乎一樣, 簡直 She is as good as her word. 4) 表示倍數(shù)的幾個(gè)句型: 1. times as + adj /adv + as 2. times + adj /adv 比較級+ than 3. time

33、s the + 性質(zhì)名詞 + of 4. The + n + be + times + what 從句 5. The + n + be + times that /those of Eg: 1. Tibet is three times the size of Zhejiang. = Tibet is three times as large as Zhejiang. = Tibet is twice larger than Zhejiang. 2. The output of this year is 3 times that of 2010. = The output of this ye

34、ar is 3 times what it was in 2010. 3. The factory produced twice as many cars in 2009 as the year before. Exp. 這條路的長是那條路長的4倍. The road is _ _ _ _ _ that one. The road is 4 times _ _ of that one. The road is 3 times _ than that one. The length of the road is 4 times _ _ of that one.II. 針對性練習(xí): I. Choo

35、se the right answers: ( ) 1. The man was lying on the ground, _ dead. A. as good as B. as well as C. as soon as D. as possible as ( ) 2. The population of China is _ than that of the USA. A. very less B. much larger C. more smaller D. much fewer ( ) 3. My favourite month is March. But I think Decemb

36、er is the _ of a year. A. bad B. worse C. worst D. ill ( ) 4. Nancy is very _.A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. beautifully D. more beautifully ( ) 5. Lance writes _ in her class.A. more careful B. the most careful C. most carefully D. quite careful ( ) 6. Lucys drawing is better than _. A. Lilys B.

37、 her C. my D. Lily( ) 7. The apples on the plate are much bigger than _ in the baskets. A. them B. those C. ones D. that( ) 8. He writes _ Kate. A. so good as B. as good as C. as well as D. so well as ( ) 9. She didnt play the piano _ Beethoven. A. as more wonderful than B. so wonderfully as C. as m

38、ost beautifully as D. more beautiful than ( ) 10. _ he studies, _ he gets. A. The lazier, the more marks B. The harder, the worse marks C. The more lazily, the worse grades D. both B & C ( & = and ) ( ) 11. A: There are two boys. Who is Jack? B: _ one. A. Taller B. The taller C. Tallest D. T

39、all ( ）12. You can buy _of the two T-shirts. A. good B. better C. best D. the better . ( ) 13. Mike runs faster than _ in his class. A. anyone else B. anybody other C. any other boys D. everyone ( ) 14. New York is bigger than _ in Canada. . A. any other city B. any city C. every city D. any other c

40、ities ( ) 15. I dont think Chemistry is _ than Physics. A. least importance B. so importantly as C. less important D. even important ( )16. Kate is Jims _ sister because shes three years older than Jim. A. elder B. young C. younger D. older ( ) 17. The marks I got in this exam is _ what he got in th

41、is exam. A. so two times as B. as second time as C. as two times as D. so two time as ( ) 18. Changjiang River is the_ river _ the world. A. third, in B. three, of C. 3th, at D. 3, 3rd, on ( ) 19. How far apart do they live? - _I know, they live in the same neighborhood. A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As often as ( ) 20. The price of my car