系表結構精講精練

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx系表結構精講精練【精品文檔】主系表結構精講精練主系表結構就是英語句子中的主要成分是主語、系動詞和表語。 系動詞本身有一定的詞義，但不能獨立作謂語，必須和句子中的表語一起構成謂語。簡單地說，將主語和表語聯系在一起，并構成一個完整句子的動詞就叫做系動詞。主要用以說明主語的特征、類屬、狀態(tài)、身份等。一連系動詞：A、根據動作可分為三類：be 動詞，感官動詞，趨勢動詞。1) Be 動詞：am, is, are, was, were2) 感官動詞：sound, look, taste, feel, smell3) 趨勢動詞：appear, become, grow,

2、get, turn, seem, remainB、根據狀態(tài)系動詞可分為: 1.表示特征和存在狀態(tài)的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound; 2.表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand; 3.表示狀態(tài)變化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow; 二表語：下列成分都可以做表語：名詞， 形容詞，副詞， 動詞不定式，動名詞，現在分詞，過去分詞，表語從句1) 名詞: I am a student.2) 形容詞： He became stron

3、g.3) 副詞： She remained there.4) 現在分詞：The story seemed interesting.5) 過去分詞：The windows seemed broken.6) 動名詞： His job is teaching English.7) 動詞不定式：Her plan is to become the winner in the game.三、分類講解(1) 狀態(tài)系動詞：只有be一詞。如：She is always like that. 她總是那樣。I am used to going about alone. 我習慣于獨來獨往。These shoes ar

4、e too tight for me. 這雙鞋我穿太小。注：動詞be，若是用于進行時態(tài)或者被動語態(tài)，則不是系動詞，而是助動詞。I am playing basketball.He is hit by one brick.(2) 持續(xù)系動詞：表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand。如：I hope youll keep fit. 我希望你身體好。He always kept silent at meeting. 他開會時總保持沉默。The door remained closed. 門仍然關著。We can remain

5、friends. 我們可以繼續(xù)做朋友。Please stay seated. 請繼續(xù)坐著。He stayed single. 他仍然是單身。(3) 表像系動詞：表示“看起來好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。如：He looks tired. 他看起來很累。He seems (to be) quite happy. 他好像很快活。The doctor seemed very capable. 那醫(yī)生似乎很能干。He appeared quite well. 他顯得身體相當好。He appeared taken aback. 他似乎很吃驚。She appeared perple

6、xed. 她顯得迷惑不解。(4) 感官系動詞：表示“起來”，有feel(摸起來，感覺) , smell(聞起來) , sound(聽起來) , taste(嘗起來，吃起來) 等。如：This kind of cloth feels very soft. 這種布摸起來很軟。He looks honest, but actually hes a rogue. 他看起來很老實，實際他是一個壞蛋。They all look alike to me. 他們的模樣我看起來都一樣。Everybody feels contented. 每個人都感到很滿足。Ice feels cold. 冰感覺起來是涼的。 S

7、ilk feels soft and smooth. 絲綢摸起來很柔軟平滑。It sounds a good idea. 這聽起來是個好主意。This food tastes good. 這菜好吃。(5) 變化系動詞：表示主語變成什么樣，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run如：He became mad after that. 自那之后，他瘋了。She had grown thinner and thinner. 她越來越瘦了。His cold was growing worse. 他的感冒越來越嚴重了。Shes growing fat

8、. 她正在發(fā)胖。Hes grown used to it. 他對此已經習慣。When she saw this, she turned red. 她看到這，臉紅了。His hair turned grey in a few weeks. 在幾個星期中他頭發(fā)就變灰白了The milk will soon turn sour. 牛奶很快就會變酸。Several people fell ill, victims of blood poisoning. 幾個人生病了，都是血中毒的受害者。We get wiser as we get old. 隨著年歲的增長，我們也變得聰明些了。Your hair ha

9、s gone quite white! 你的頭發(fā)全白了!She went pale at the news. 聽到這消息，她臉色變得蒼白。When I mentioned it to him he went red. 我對他提及此事時他臉紅了。He went mad. 他瘋了。The children must not go hungry. 孩子們不能挨餓。(6) 終止系動詞：主要有prove, turn out(結果是，證明是) 等。如：His story proved false. 他講的情況原來是假的。His advice proved sound. 他的勸告證明是對的。My intui

10、tion turned out to be correct. 我的直覺證明是對的。四、主系表結構的否定形式和一般疑問句形式的構成情況 （一）否定形式： 1. 主語 be （ is ， am ， are ） not 表語。 2. 主語助動詞（ do/ does ） not feel/ smell/ look 表語。例如： She is a good girl. She is not a good girl. You look happy. You dont look happy. It smells bad. It doesnt sme

11、ll bad. （二）一般疑問句形式： 1. Be （ Is / Am/ Are ）主語表語？ 2. 助動詞（ Do/ Does ）主語動詞原形表語？例如： This girl is in Row One. Is this girl in Row One？ She feels terrible. Does she feel terrible？ We look excited. Do you look excited？ 五、主系表精練（）1. What is Mr Wang like?_.A. He is a teacher

12、B. He is old and kindC. He looks like a balloon D. He likes English（）2. What Mr White said sounds_.A. friendly B. wonderfully C. pleasantly D. nicely（）3. The poor boy _ blind at the age of three.A. turned B. goes C. became D. went（）4. When he was a child he_ .A. grew patience B. was alive C. ran wil

13、d（放蕩不羈） D. came true（）5. His voice_ as if he has a cold.A. sounds B. listens C. hears D. seems（）6. This shirt_ as if it is made of cotton.A. is B. looks C. feels D. seems（）7. He looks _ he hadnt had a good meal for a monthA. that B. as if C. when D. so far（）8. It _that he was late for the train.A. l

14、ooks B. turns C. gets D. seems（）9. These apples taste_.A. to he good B. to be well C. well D. good（）10. Do you like the shirt?Yes, it _ very soft.A. feels B. felt C. is feeling D. is felt（）11. The moment Mr Zhang went to bed, he_ asleepA. kept B. got C. fell D. fall（）12. When I went home yesterday,

15、it was _ dark.A. going B. getting C. running D. coming（）13. Their plan _ to be a perfect one.A. proved B. was proved C. is proving D. proving（）14. The flowers in the garden _ sweet.A. sound B. taste C. become D. smell（）15. She_ like her mother in character.A. looks B. seems C. is D. feels（）16. He _ much younger than he really is.A. appears B. grows C. becomes D. turns（）17. You_ very pale. Do you feel sick?A. looked B. look C. looking D. are looked（）18. His wish