人教版初三英語句子簡單句并列句定語狀語從句課件完全版

1、 課前娛樂 猜一猜1. What always goes up and never goes down? (什么什么東西只升不降？東西只升不降？)Your age. 2. Why did the boy make his dog sit in the sun? He wants to have a hot dog. 3.Why are girls afraid of the letter C ?Because it makes fat fact! 4.What letter is an animal ? B（bee)5: What begins with T, ends with T and

2、has tea in it? A teapot. 茶壺6: Which room has no doors, no windows. A mushroom.蘑菇7: What cant be used until its broken? An egg. 初三語法初三語法英語句子英語句子英語句子的種類英語句子的種類簡單句簡單句 (simple sentence)并列句并列句 (compound sentence)復(fù)合句復(fù)合句 (complex sentence)簡單句的簡單句的五種基本句型五種基本句型 英語五種基本句型列式如下：英語五種基本句型列式如下： 基本句型一：基本句型一： （主謂）（主謂

3、） 基本句型二：基本句型二： （主系表）（主系表） 基本句型三：基本句型三： （主謂賓）（主謂賓） 基本句型四：基本句型四： （主謂間賓直賓）（主謂間賓直賓） 基本句型五：基本句型五： （主謂賓賓補）（主謂賓賓補）基本句型一 ： 主謂 （S + V）S + V She cooks. He is working. What he said does not matter. The pen writes smoothly.基本句型一 主謂SVShecooksHeis workingWhat he saiddoes not matter.The pen writes smoothly.基本句型二 主

4、系表 S+V+P He is happy. Every thing looks nice. His face turned red.基本句型二 主系表SVPHeishappy.Everything looksnice. His faceturnedred.基本句型三 主謂賓 S+V+O We study English everyday. They are playing football. He enjoys reading. She said “Good morning.”基本句型三 主謂賓SVOWeTheyHeShestudyare playingenjoyssaidEnglish ev

5、eryday.football.reading.“Good morning.”基本句型四 SV（及物）（及物）O（多指人多指人）O（多指物）多指物） I give him a book. My mother bought me a pen yesterday. I showed him my picture.基本句型四SV（及物）（及物） OOIgivehima book.My mother boughtmea pen yesterday.Ishowedhimmy picture.基本句型五 S+V（及物）（及物）+O (賓語賓語)+C（賓補）（賓補） We must keep the doo

6、r open. The news makes me happy. We call him Jim. He told me to wash the plates. I saw a thief going into your room.基本句型五SV（及物）（及物）O (賓語賓語)C（賓補）（賓補）Wemust keepthe dooropen.The newsmakesmehappy.WecallhimJim.Hetoldme to wash the plates.Isawa thiefgoing into your room.并列句并列句并列句是由并列句是由and, but, or, fora

7、nd, but, or, for等并列等并列連詞把兩個或兩個以上意義有關(guān)的簡連詞把兩個或兩個以上意義有關(guān)的簡單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。其結(jié)構(gòu)為其結(jié)構(gòu)為: :簡單句簡單句+ +并列連詞并列連詞+ +簡單句。簡單句。定義定義并列句是由并列句是由and, but, or, forand, but, or, for等并列等并列連詞把兩個或兩個以上意義有關(guān)的簡連詞把兩個或兩個以上意義有關(guān)的簡單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。定義定義聯(lián)合并列句聯(lián)合并列句 并列連詞并列連詞:and(和、并且和、并且), 其中其中and意為意為“和、又、而和、又、而”，表示動作先后

8、等，表示動作先后等，not only.but also.(不但不但而且而且)等。等。 1.Jim finished his homework and he went to bed.吉姆寫完作業(yè)吉姆寫完作業(yè),就上床睡覺了。就上床睡覺了。2.Not only I come to school early, but also my teacher does. 不但我到校早不但我到校早,而且我的老師也是如此。而且我的老師也是如此。 選擇并列句選擇并列句并列連詞并列連詞:or(或者或者;否則否則,要不然要不然),either.or.(或者或者或或者者),neither. nor.(既不既不又不又不)等。

9、等。 1. You must tell the truth, or you will be punished. 你必須說真話你必須說真話,否則你將會受到懲罰。否則你將會受到懲罰。 2. Either you can do it by yourself, or you can ask someone else to do it. 你或者自己做你或者自己做,或者讓別人去做。或者讓別人去做。 轉(zhuǎn)折并列句轉(zhuǎn)折并列句并列連詞并列連詞:but(但是但是),however(然而然而),yet(但是但是),while(而而,然然而而)等。其中等。其中but意為意為“但是、可是、然而、不過但是、可是、然而、不過

10、”，表，表意思轉(zhuǎn)折意思轉(zhuǎn)折 。1. Shes good at English, but her Chinese isnt good. 她擅長英語她擅長英語,但語文不好。但語文不好。 2. He worked hard, yet he failed. 他努力地干他努力地干,然而失敗了。然而失敗了。 3. Tom is tall while his brother is short. 湯姆個兒很高湯姆個兒很高,而他的兄弟卻很矮。而他的兄弟卻很矮。 特別提醒特別提醒: though, although(雖然，盡管雖然，盡管)不能不能 與與 but(但是但是)連用。連用。 雖然他很累雖然他很累,但是他

11、沒有停止工作。但是他沒有停止工作。誤誤:Although he is very tired, but he doesnt stop working. 正正:Although he is very tired, he doesnt stop working. 正正:He is very tired, but he doesnt stop working. 因果并列句因果并列句并列連詞并列連詞:for(:for(因為因為),),表示因果關(guān)系，起解釋說明的作用。表示因果關(guān)系，起解釋說明的作用。so(所以所以)，表因果關(guān)系。，表因果關(guān)系。 1.That was our first lesson, so

12、 she didnt know all our names. 那是我們第一堂課那是我們第一堂課,因此她并不知道我們所有人的名字。因此她并不知道我們所有人的名字。2.She didnt come to school today, for she was ill. 今天她沒來上學(xué)今天她沒來上學(xué),因為她生病了。因為她生病了。 提醒提醒: so與與because不能連用。不能連用。 因為我有錢因為我有錢, ,所以我能給自己買很多東西。所以我能給自己買很多東西。 誤誤:Because Im rich, so I can buy myself lots of things. 正正:Because Im r

13、ich, I can buy myself lots of things. 正正:Im rich, so I can buy myself lots of things. 提醒提醒:“祈使句祈使句+or/and+簡單句簡單句”是是一個固定句型一個固定句型 1.Work hard, and youll pass the exam. 努力學(xué)習(xí)努力學(xué)習(xí),你就會通過考試你就會通過考試 2. Take the medicine and youll be better soon! 吃點藥，很快你就會好點的。3.Hurry up, or you will be late.快點，否則你就遲到了?？禳c，否則你就

14、遲到了。1. Excuse me. Do you have a table for two? Im sorry, _ there arent any seats now. Would you mind waiting for a while? A. but B. and C. or D. so2. Work hard, _ you will pass the driving test. A. or B. but C. because D. and3. Mike learns a lot about internet. And _. A. I dont either B. so do I C.

15、so am I D. I am too4. Call a taxi, _ you will miss the train. A. and B. though C. because D. or5. I came to see her, _ she wasnt at home. A. but B. for C. or D. andADBDA名詞性從句名詞性從句狀語從句狀語從句定語從句定語從句主語從句主語從句表語從句表語從句賓語從句賓語從句同位語從句同位語從句.復(fù)合句復(fù)合句A plane is a machine that can fly.He said that he didnt like her

16、.A matchingA matching game game！Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He i

17、s a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?什么是定語從句呢？什么是定語從句呢？答案：修飾前面某一名詞或代詞答案：修飾前面某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。的從句叫定語從句。結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： 先行詞先行詞 + 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 + 句子句子 The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行詞先行詞_ 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞_ 定語從句定語從句關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞:

18、 that, which, who, whom, whose關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞: when, where, why關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系代詞： 指物：指物：that which 指人：指人：who (主主/賓格賓格) that whom（賓格）（賓格）關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that, which引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句: 如果如果先行詞先行詞是表示物的是表示物的名詞或代詞名詞或代詞，關(guān)系，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用代詞應(yīng)用that、which. (作作主語主語或或賓語賓語)This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream which/that

19、will never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost.The dog which was lost has been found.Practise: 1.This is the house which is for sale.2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.which / that 作主語作主語. (不能省不能省)（作主語）（作主語）which / that 作賓語作賓語 ： （可省略）可省略）This is the card.Ive just received

20、the card.This is the card which / that Ive just received.Practise:1.This is the mistake which /that I always make.2. I lost the pen which my father bought me.( ) （作賓語）（作賓語）關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞who, that, whom引導(dǎo)的定語從引導(dǎo)的定語從句句: 如果如果先行詞先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，是表示人的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who, that (作作主語主語或或賓語賓語)whom (作作賓語賓語)who / th

21、at 作主語作主語. (不能省不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主語作主語)1.The boy who broke the window is called Roy.2. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday?3. The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin./ th

22、atwho / whom / that 作賓語：作賓語：( 可省略可省略)The woman is a famous writer. He described the woman just now.The woman ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作作賓語）賓語）1.The boy who(m) I m looking for is my friend.2. The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last nig

23、ht. The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.小結(jié)：小結(jié)： that 既可指人，也可指物，作主語，既可指人，也可指物，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。 which指物，作主語，不能省略；作指物，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略賓語，可以省略. who 指人，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，指人，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略可以省略,（常用（常用whom） 注意注意:當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,定定語從句的謂語動詞形式由先行詞定。語

24、從句的謂語動詞形式由先行詞定。The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.有時只能用有時只能用 that , 不用不用 which, 常見的情況有六種：常見的情況有六種：1.當(dāng)先行詞是當(dāng)先行詞是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody,nobody, everyone, no one 或被它們修飾時?；虮凰鼈冃揎棔r。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything th

25、at I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked.2. 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時 That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.3. 當(dāng)先行詞有當(dāng)先行詞有the very, the only, the same等修等修飾時。飾時。Thats the only thing that

26、I can do now.These are the very words that he used.4. 當(dāng)主句以當(dāng)主句以 who 或或 which開頭時，定語從句的開頭時，定語從句的關(guān)系詞用關(guān)系詞用 that, 而不用而不用 which 或或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost ?5. 先行詞同時包括人或物時，關(guān)系詞用先行詞同時包括人或物時，關(guān)系詞用that.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by th

27、e gate.whose 作定語作定語,表示所屬關(guān)系。表示所屬關(guān)系。 The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤兒孤兒).A. who B. whose C. whos D. which 例句賞析例句賞析Its an invention which /that is used for keeping off the rain

28、.飄飄Its a book that/which was written by Margaret Mitchell. Gone with the windIts the Wall that /which was built by Chinese people.Its an animal that/which.Its an animal that / which has big nose.Exercise 1 :用關(guān)系代詞填空用關(guān)系代詞填空1. The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2. The e-mail _ I received ye

29、sterday was from my sister.3. I hate people _ talk much but do little.4. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have

30、 lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that當(dāng)先行詞同時指人和物時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.Exercise 2. 1. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.2. Say all _ you know.3. Is there anything _ I can do for

31、you?thatthatthat當(dāng)先行詞是something, anything, nothing, all 等詞時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞，最高級序數(shù)詞，最高級等詞修飾時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Su

32、nday.當(dāng)主句是who或或which 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，而中心詞指人或物時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.thatthat關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞：when/ where/why when 作時間狀語作時間狀語:She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year w

33、hen (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介詞介詞 + which where 作地點狀語作地點狀語I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table is a new one.She is sitting on the table.The tab le where (= on which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介詞介詞 +

34、 whichwhy 作原因狀語作原因狀語, 其先行詞常常是其先行詞常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for whichExercise1.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded.A. which B. when C. that D. on that2.Is that the reason _ you are for the plan. which B. what C. why D.

35、 for that 3.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded. A. which B. when C. that D. on that 4. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that挑戰(zhàn)高難度！挑戰(zhàn)高難度！ 1. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that 2. Is this the place _ some German friends visited last year? A. which B.where C.what D. why 3.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now. A. which B.where C.what D.that 4.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now. A. that B.where C.what D. why 5.He told her the reason_ why he is u