高中英語復合句(公開課)（課堂PPT）

1、 名詞性從句名詞性從句定語從句定語從句 狀語從句狀語從句復復合合句句的的種種類類主語從句主語從句 賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句同位語從句同位語從句 時間狀語從句時間狀語從句地點狀語從句地點狀語從句原因狀語從句原因狀語從句目的狀語從句目的狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句條件狀語從句條件狀語從句讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句比較狀語從句比較狀語從句方式狀語從句方式狀語從句.3構(gòu)成從句的三大核心要素構(gòu)成從句的三大核心要素連接詞語序時態(tài)陳述性陳述性 一致性一致性（兼顧主句時態(tài)）（兼顧主句時態(tài)）唯一性（重點）唯一性（重點）.4名詞性從句的連接詞名詞性從句的連接詞名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和

2、同位語從句。其關名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。其關聯(lián)詞有聯(lián)詞有連詞連詞 that, if, whether；連接代詞連接代詞 what, who, which等等和和 連接副詞連接副詞 when, where, why, how等。等。從句從句連接詞連接詞主語從句主語從句賓語從句賓語從句介詞后介詞后賓語從句賓語從句形容詞后形容詞后賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句同位語從同位語從句句 that whether ifWh- 詞（含詞（含how) 帶后綴帶后綴ever的詞的詞.5名詞性從句類型判斷V（謂語動詞）主語從句V（謂語動詞）賓語從句L.V（聯(lián)系動詞）表語從句N（名詞

3、）同位語從句定語語從句.6為保持句子平衡，為保持句子平衡， that 引導主語從句時，常用引導主語從句時，常用it作形式主語作形式主語而把真正的主語從句后置。主要有以下幾種情況：而把真正的主語從句后置。主要有以下幾種情況： It is +n. ( a pity / a shame / a fact / no wonder ,etc )+ that-clause It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. It is no wonder that he is not hungry; he ha

4、s been eating sweets all day. It is +adj. ( certain / likely / probable / true , etc.) + that-clause It is probable that he told her everything. It is true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week. .7 It is +p.p. (said / reported /believed ,etc. )+that-clause It is reported that China has

5、 sent another man-made satellite into orbit. It +v. (seems / happened, etc. )+that-clause It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. It happened that I was out that day.其他情況其他情況: It doesnt matter whether he will come or not. It makes no difference where we had the meeting. It suddenly oc

6、curred to me that she had forgotten to lock the door.81.You know that I am a teacher of English.2. That I am a teacher of English is known to you all .3. It is known to you all that I am a teacher of English.4. The fact that I am a teacher of English is known to you all.5. I am worried about whether

7、 you can do well in the exam. 6. What I am worried about is whether you can do well in the exam. that I am a teacher of English That I am a teacher of English that I am a teacher of English whether you can do well in the exam.Object ClauseSubject ClauseSubject Clause Predicative ClauseAppositive Cla

8、use that I am a teacher of English whether you can do well in the exam.Object Clause判斷下列從句的類型判斷下列從句的類型Subject ClauseWhat I am worried about.91. 1989 These photographs will show you . A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our villag

9、e looks like2. 1992Word has come some American guests will come for a visit to our school next week.what B. that C. whether D. when3. 2004全國卷全國卷I I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A. A. this B. that C. it D. one 名詞性從句高考題賞析.104. 1995 is a fact that English is being accepted

10、as an international languageA.There B. This C. That D. It5. 1996 we cant get seems better than we have.6. 1999 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where7. 04湖南卷湖南卷I think Father would like to know_Ive been up to so far, so I decide

11、to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. howWhat , what B. What, that C. That ,that D. That , what .118.2001 A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when9.2004全國卷全國卷IYou are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree.10. 2005浙

12、江卷浙江卷Danby left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon. A. who B. that C. as D. which11. 04天津卷天津卷A modern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where12. 04上海卷上海卷 After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_our astronauts desi

13、re to do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. howwhy B. where C. what D. how.12定語從句的引導詞 關 系 代 詞引導詞先行詞功能可否省略Who人主、賓*在限定性定從中，做從句動詞賓語可省略Whom 人賓Which 物主、賓That 人、物主、賓Whose人、物定語asthe sameas, suchas 關 系 副 詞When 時間狀語Where 地點狀語Why 修飾reason狀語 （for which）Prep+which或whom.13定語從句定語從句只用只用that不用不用which的幾種情

14、況的幾種情況 that指物時一般可以和指物時一般可以和which換用，但在下列幾種情況下?lián)Q用，但在下列幾種情況下只用只用that不用不用which： 先行詞為先行詞為all, anything, everything, nothing, something等；如等；如: We are ready to do something that is of some help to others. 先行詞被先行詞被all, only, no, some, any, every, each, few, little等修飾時；如：等修飾時；如：I have read all the books (that

15、) you gave me. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級等修飾時；如：先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級等修飾時；如： The first lesson (that) Mr Green gave us will never be forgotten. .14如果有兩個或兩個以上分別表示人和物的先行如果有兩個或兩個以上分別表示人和物的先行詞時；如：詞時；如： We know nothing about the doctors and hospitals (that) you are talking about. 當主句是以當主句是以who或或which開頭的疑問句時開頭的疑問句時;如如 Who is

16、 that boy that was here just now? 當引導詞在從句中作表語時。如當引導詞在從句中作表語時。如； China isnt the country that it used to be.15定語從句定語從句不能使用不能使用that的情況的情況 定語從句中介詞置于關系代詞之前時，指人定語從句中介詞置于關系代詞之前時，指人用用whom，指物用，指物用which。如：如： Do you know the man to whom he is speaking? This is the house in which I lived last year. 引導非限制性定語從句不能

17、用引導非限制性定語從句不能用that。如：。如： Mr Smith has two sons, both of whom worked abroad. Beijing , which is the capital of our country, has changed a lot . They arrived at a farm house, in front of which sat a boy of seventeen.16 注意：如何判斷介詞The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to

18、him.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend .1、看定語從句中動詞與介詞的搭配、看定語從句中動詞與介詞的搭配foron.172、看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配、看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, _ all o

19、f which activities dolphins are expert.within.183、根據(jù)先行詞判斷，所用的介詞與先行詞、根據(jù)先行詞判斷，所用的介詞與先行詞 搭配搭配The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.This is our classroom, _ which there is a teachers desk.atin the front of.19The committee consists of 20 members, 5 of _ are women.The book contai

20、ns 50 poems, most of _ were written in 1930s.There are two left, one of _ is almost finished, and the other of _ is not quite. I have a sentence, the meaning of _ I dont understand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名詞名詞/代詞代詞/數(shù)詞數(shù)詞+ of +which/whom一一.定語從句與同位語從句定語從句與同位語從句1.When ,where,why在定從和同從中的應用在定從和同從中的應用 1) w

21、e havent yet settled the question_we are going to spend our summer vacation on 1st Oct. A.when B.where C.that D.which 2) Ill never forget the day _ I joined the League. A. when B.that C.in which D. which3) The reason_he moved to the USA is not clear to me. A.why B.that C.when D.which4) We havent fou

22、nd out the problem_the computer was out of order. A.why B.that C.which D.whether 5) Is this the reason_at the meeting for his being absent from his work? A.why he explained B.he explained C.when he expained D.how he explained小結(jié)小結(jié):相同點相同點:when,where,why在定從中和在定從中和同從中均充當狀語成分同從中均充當狀語成分不同點：不同點：when,where,

23、why在定從中在定從中有相應的先行詞，可表示為介詞關系有相應的先行詞，可表示為介詞關系代詞；而在同從中無相應先行詞，不可代詞；而在同從中無相應先行詞，不可表示為介關系代表示為介關系代ThatThat在定從與同從中的區(qū)別在定從與同從中的區(qū)別 用用A:that B:which A:that B:which 填空填空1) we all have heard the news_ our team won. 2) we dont believe the news_ he told us yesterday. AB/A3) the police ruled out (排除排除 ) the possibil

24、ity _ Justin told them.4)The police ruled out the possibility_Jutin was taken away by the aliens.5) The news_ you told me yesterday was true.6) The news_ the president will visit our school spread quickly.B/AAB/AA用用A:that B:which 填空填空小結(jié)小結(jié):定語從句與先行詞是修飾關系定語從句與先行詞是修飾關系,關關系代詞系代詞thatwhich在從句中做主在從句中做主,賓，表賓

25、，表等成分等成分,從句成分從句成分不完整不完整;同位語從句與同位語從句與被解釋詞是解釋說明關系被解釋詞是解釋說明關系,連接詞連接詞that在在句中不作成分句中不作成分,從句成分從句成分完整完整.二二.定從與主從定從與主從,賓從和表從賓從和表從1.定從與主從定從與主從翻譯翻譯:不論誰在公共場所隨意吐痰都該被罰不論誰在公共場所隨意吐痰都該被罰 翻譯翻譯:無論他做什么都不會對我有什么影響無論他做什么都不會對我有什么影響. a.Whoever spits in public should be punished.b.Anyone who spits in public should a.Whateve

26、r he does makes no difference to me.b.Anything that he does makes no 小結(jié)小結(jié):whoever=anyone who; whatever=anything that判斷正誤判斷正誤:a.Who breaks the law will be punishedb.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.(c.Who robbed the bank is not clear. d.Whoever robbed the bank is not clear. 小結(jié)小結(jié):時態(tài)與意義判斷時態(tài)與意義判斷

27、.(誤誤)正正)(正正)(誤誤)翻譯翻譯（用定、主、表、賓四種從句）（用定、主、表、賓四種從句） 眾所周知，紙首先在中國制造。眾所周知，紙首先在中國制造。1）As is known to us all, paper was first made in China. (定從定從)2) It is known to us all that paper was first made in China.（主從）（主從）3) What is known to us all is that paper was first made in China.（表從）（表從）4) We all know that

28、paper was first made in China.（賓從）（賓從）小結(jié)小結(jié):定語從句與主賓表從句在特定定語從句與主賓表從句在特定情況下可以表示相同的意思。情況下可以表示相同的意思。填空：填空： 1) He told us all _ had happened 10 years ago. A. that B. what C. which 2)He has told us all _ he experienced abroad. A. which B. what C. how D. when 小結(jié)小結(jié) :what = something that all that = what 練習：練

29、習： Our hometown is no longer _ she was 20 years ago. 1) A That B. which C. where D. what2) It seems to us that no reason _ he gave us for his absense is believable. that B. what C. why D. which 3) The art center is _ used to be a factory, _millions of tractors were made. what, where B. where, where

30、C. what, which D. where, which4) The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross river traffic is the heavest.which, where B. at which ,which C. at which, where D. which, in which5)No one believed his reason for being late _ he was caught in a traffic jam, _ make him embrassed.A

31、that, which B. why, which C. why,what D. that, what 6)_ is known to all is that the old scientist, for _life was hard in the past, still works very hard in his eighties. A. As, whom B. What, whom C. It, whose D. As, whose 總結(jié)： 用什么樣的關系詞或連接詞，均要在從句中分析用什么樣的關系詞或連接詞，均要在從句中分析查找。關系詞和連接詞存在某種轉(zhuǎn)化關系：查找。關系詞和連接詞存在某

32、種轉(zhuǎn)化關系： What= all that / something that Whatever= anything that Whoever = anyone who 1.1.2. 2. 高考考查的趨勢是多種復合句的融合，而非單高考考查的趨勢是多種復合句的融合，而非單一句法的考查。一句法的考查。3. 定語從句與名詞性從句的本質(zhì)區(qū)別：定語從句與名詞性從句的本質(zhì)區(qū)別：定從多存在被修飾的先行詞，且先行詞（或定從多存在被修飾的先行詞，且先行詞（或關系詞）在從句中作成分；名從沒有先行關系詞）在從句中作成分；名從沒有先行詞，名從中的連接詞除了詞，名從中的連接詞除了that 、whether 外，均在從句中

33、作成分。外，均在從句中作成分。.34狀語從句狀語從句狀語從句按意義和作用可分為：狀語從句按意義和作用可分為： 時間狀從、地點狀從、原因狀從時間狀從、地點狀從、原因狀從 目的狀從、結(jié)果狀從、方式狀從、目的狀從、結(jié)果狀從、方式狀從、 讓步狀從、條件狀從、比較狀從等九種。讓步狀從、條件狀從、比較狀從等九種。狀語從句放在主句之前常用逗號隔開；狀語從句放在主句之前常用逗號隔開；放在主句之后不用逗號。放在主句之后不用逗號。.35狀語從句的引導詞狀語從句的引導詞1.時間狀從：時間狀從：2.地點狀從：地點狀從：3.原因狀從：原因狀從：8.讓步狀讓步狀從從when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until ，the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the instant, immediately , no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely whenwhere ，wherever, anywhere,everywherebecause, since, as, now that.36