2017陜西中考時態(tài)和語態(tài)(共6頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上中考專項復(fù)習(xí)動詞時態(tài)及語態(tài)語法學(xué)習(xí)表時態(tài)意義標(biāo)志詞語構(gòu)成公式被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時經(jīng)常性習(xí)慣性的動作，存在的狀態(tài)，或客觀真理often, always, usually, sometimes, once a week, every day主語+V原形（主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，V加s或es）主語+is /am/are+V過分現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動作now，Look!, Listen!， at this moment主語+am/is/are+V-ing主語+am/is/are+being+V過分現(xiàn)在完成時過去的動作對現(xiàn)在有影響或過去的動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在already , y

2、et ,since, so far主語 +have/has +V過分主語+have/has +been+V過分一般過去時過去發(fā)生的動作yesterday ，last week, ago, in 1998, just now主語+V過去式主語+was/were +V過分過去進(jìn)行時過去時間內(nèi)正發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)at this time yesterday, just then, at 6:00 last Sunday, when+一般過去時主語+was/were+V-ing主語+was/were+being+V過分過去完成時過去已完成的動作by the end of +過去的時間，by the

3、 time +一般過去時主語+had+V過分主語+had+been+V過分一般將來時將要發(fā)生的動作或?qū)淼臓顟B(tài)tomorrow, next week, in the future, in two days, in 2100主語+am/is/are going to +V原形，或主語+will+V原形主語+will be+V過分過去將來時過去時間內(nèi)將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)常用于主句是一般過去時的賓語從句主語+was/were+going to+V原形，或主語+would +V原形主語+would+be+V過分現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時過去的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在“since+時間點(diǎn)/從句/時間點(diǎn)ago”或“f

4、or+時間段” 主語+have /has+been+V-ing 含情態(tài)動詞 can/may/must等+V原形can/may/must等+be +V過分考點(diǎn)1 一般現(xiàn)在時有哪些特殊用法？（1） （2） （3） 【活學(xué)活用】1、 Three plus two_（be）five. 2、The teacher said that light_（travel）faster than sound. 3、If you_（ask）her tomorrow, she will help you.考點(diǎn)2 如何使用used to? “過去常常” “習(xí)慣做某事” / “被用來”【活學(xué)活用】1、She used to

5、 play near the river.(改為否定句)_2、 The children didnt use to come here early,_？(補(bǔ)全反意疑問句) 考點(diǎn)3 一般將來時有哪些形式？（1） （2） （3） 考點(diǎn)4 現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時有什么區(qū)別？二者表示的動作都在過去發(fā)生。現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果，不能與表示過去的時間狀語連用；一般過去時只表示過去的事實，與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系。【活學(xué)活用】1.你做作業(yè)了嗎？ 做了。_2.什么時候做的？ 昨天晚上。_考點(diǎn)5 have been to, have been in和have gone to有何區(qū)別？have been

6、 in 表示_；have been to 表示_，常與ever, never ,before, once ,twice等連用；have gone to 表示_?！净顚W(xué)活用】1、 Tim_out. Hell be back in an hour.2、 Jim_this city for two years.3、 _you ever_Jinan? It has some famous springs.考點(diǎn)6 現(xiàn)在完成時的句子，謂語何時用瞬間動詞，何時用延續(xù)動詞？ 若表示持續(xù)性的動作，常與表示一段時間的狀語如these days, in the past few years, during the

7、last three months, for two years, so far, up to now, till now等連用。注意：瞬間動詞不能與持續(xù)性的完成時連用，必須改為延續(xù)動詞，記住下面的瞬間動詞與延續(xù)動詞的換用：【活學(xué)活用】1、I _（buy）this bicycle for five years.2、You can _（borrow）it for two days.3、The film_（begin）for five minutes.4、How long _ you _（go）this school?5、The old man_（die）since 2000.6.They got

8、 married two years ago. =It _since they got married.7、We came to this school three years ago. =We_ this school _three years.1、 動詞變動詞：buyhave, borrowkeep2、 變?yōu)椤癰e+adj./adv.”：beginbe on, close/openbe closed/open, diebe dead, finishbe over, get upbe up, marrybe married, gobe off, comebe here, returnbe b

9、ack, arrivebe here3、 變?yōu)椤癰e+介詞短語”：come/go be in/at, joinbe in(或“be+成員”)，put onwear(或be in)考點(diǎn)7 如何將主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)？主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳涞姆椒ㄊ牵阂豢磩釉~，二換主語，三變謂語。1、主動句有雙賓語，可將其中一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，但若將直接賓語用作主語，后面要使用_引出間接賓語。He gave me a book yesterday. I was given a book yesterday./A book was given to me yesterday.2、 動詞短語是一個不可分的整體，變化時不能丟掉介

10、詞或副詞。You should speak to me politely. I should be spoken to politely.(to 不可少)3、帶賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，賓補(bǔ)在原位置不動。I saw a man playing basketball there. A man was seen playing basketball there.4、在主動句中某些動詞后的不定式可省略to，但在被動句中to要補(bǔ)出。Our parents make us study hard. We are made to study hard.【活學(xué)活用】將下面句子的主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)1、T

11、he students clean the room every day.2、She gave me twenty yuan last week.3、The girl has taken care of the blind men for five years.考點(diǎn)8 哪些動詞的主動形式可以表示被動意義？1、系動詞，如look, feel, taste, smell等。The music sounds beautiful.這音樂聽起來很美。2、sell, write, drive 等詞作不及物動詞，其主語為物時。This kind of clothes sells well.這種衣服賣得很好。

12、3、在be worth doing sth.中的doing。The basketball match is well worth watching.這場籃球賽很值得看。4、在need ,want, require等表示“需要”的動詞后接V-ing形式表示被動意義，相當(dāng)于to be done。My kite wants mending.我的風(fēng)箏需修理。【活學(xué)活用】1、 This kind of food_（smell） hot.2、 The latest model cars _（sell）well.3、 The ball-pen_（write）smoothly.4、 The book is w

13、orth_（read）.5、 Your hair wants _（cut）.考點(diǎn)9 被動語態(tài)有哪些習(xí)慣用法？據(jù)說_ 眾所周知_據(jù)報道_ 大家相信_專練 根據(jù)漢語提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空，完成下面的句子1、_（據(jù)說）we will have an English exam tomorrow.2、_(眾所周知)most families have one bike at least.3、_(大家相信)our government will solve this problem.隨堂練習(xí)7.I _ scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was fi

14、ve years old. A.will be B.was C.have been D.would be5.Ben and Sue arent home, are they?No. They _ to London on business. A. have gone B. go C. have been D. will go18.Why did the car hit the boy?Because the driver _ on the phone at that time.A. talk B. is talking C. was talking D. have talked6.Miss B

15、rown, we _ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now? A.finish B.finishing C.are finished D.have finished10.I called you at half past nine this morning, but there was no answer.Oh, sorry. I _ with my cousin in the supermarket. A. shopping B. was shopping C. shopped D. will shop9.Do you have any pla

16、ns for tonight?Yes ,I _ at the new Italian restaurant in town. A. eat B. have eaten C. ate D. am going to eat9.Premier Zhou Enlai _ for many years, he still lives in the hearts of Chinese people. A.died B.was died C.has been died D.has been dead10.Mary with her parents often _ for a walk in the park

17、 after supper. A.go B.is going C.are going D.goes11.We _ some robots at home in the future, and there _ some in the office, too. A.will have; will have B.have; will be C.will have; will be D.will have; are6.Our classmates went to a concert yesterday afternoon.What a pity! I _ my homework. A.had done

18、 B.was doing C.am doing D.would do5.Stop smoking, Joe! You _ yourself if you keep on doing it like that! A.will kill B.have killed C.kill D.killed8.Have you watched the new movie Jurassic world, Steven?Not yet. I _ it with my cousin this evening. A. will watch B. was watching C. watched D. have watc

19、hed9.Too many people were absent. The chairperson warned that he _ the meeting if necessary. A. would cancel B. cancelled C. would star D. started13.Mother often tells me, “I hope you _ what I _ you to do at school!” A.wont forget; have told B.dont forget; will tellC.didnt forget; tell D.havent forg

20、otten; am telling4.Please wait. She _ to you in a few minutes. A.talk B.talked C.have talked D.will talk17.When shall we begin our meeting?Well begin it when Helen _.A.comes B.came C.will come D.come5.Lily, will you go to Jennys birthday party this Saturday?Im not sure. Because I _ so far. A.havent

21、invited B.wasnt invited C.havent been invited D.will be invited10.You cant wear shoes inside this place. It _.A. doesnt allow B. isnt allowed C. hasnt allowed D. wasnt allowed5.How long have you had the computer? For two weeks. My father_it for me as my birthday gift. Abuys   Bwill buy  Cbou