2017陜西中考時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)(共6頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上中考專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)表時(shí)態(tài)意義標(biāo)志詞語(yǔ)構(gòu)成公式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)經(jīng)常性習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，存在的狀態(tài)，或客觀真理often, always, usually, sometimes, once a week, every day主語(yǔ)+V原形（主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，V加s或es）主語(yǔ)+is /am/are+V過分現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作now，Look!, Listen!， at this moment主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+V-ing主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+being+V過分現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響或過去的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在already , y

2、et ,since, so far主語(yǔ) +have/has +V過分主語(yǔ)+have/has +been+V過分一般過去時(shí)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作yesterday ，last week, ago, in 1998, just now主語(yǔ)+V過去式主語(yǔ)+was/were +V過分過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去時(shí)間內(nèi)正發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)at this time yesterday, just then, at 6:00 last Sunday, when+一般過去時(shí)主語(yǔ)+was/were+V-ing主語(yǔ)+was/were+being+V過分過去完成時(shí)過去已完成的動(dòng)作by the end of +過去的時(shí)間，by the

3、 time +一般過去時(shí)主語(yǔ)+had+V過分主語(yǔ)+had+been+V過分一般將來時(shí)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或?qū)淼臓顟B(tài)tomorrow, next week, in the future, in two days, in 2100主語(yǔ)+am/is/are going to +V原形，或主語(yǔ)+will+V原形主語(yǔ)+will be+V過分過去將來時(shí)過去時(shí)間內(nèi)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)常用于主句是一般過去時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)+was/were+going to+V原形，或主語(yǔ)+would +V原形主語(yǔ)+would+be+V過分現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句/時(shí)間點(diǎn)ago”或“f

4、or+時(shí)間段” 主語(yǔ)+have /has+been+V-ing 含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can/may/must等+V原形can/may/must等+be +V過分考點(diǎn)1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有哪些特殊用法？（1） （2） （3） 【活學(xué)活用】1、 Three plus two_（be）five. 2、The teacher said that light_（travel）faster than sound. 3、If you_（ask）her tomorrow, she will help you.考點(diǎn)2 如何使用used to? “過去常常” “習(xí)慣做某事” / “被用來”【活學(xué)活用】1、She used to

5、 play near the river.(改為否定句)_2、 The children didnt use to come here early,_？(補(bǔ)全反意疑問句) 考點(diǎn)3 一般將來時(shí)有哪些形式？（1） （2） （3） 考點(diǎn)4 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)有什么區(qū)別？二者表示的動(dòng)作都在過去發(fā)生?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果，不能與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用；一般過去時(shí)只表示過去的事實(shí)，與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系。【活學(xué)活用】1.你做作業(yè)了嗎？ 做了。_2.什么時(shí)候做的？ 昨天晚上。_考點(diǎn)5 have been to, have been in和have gone to有何區(qū)別？have been

6、 in 表示_；have been to 表示_，常與ever, never ,before, once ,twice等連用；have gone to 表示_?！净顚W(xué)活用】1、 Tim_out. Hell be back in an hour.2、 Jim_this city for two years.3、 _you ever_Jinan? It has some famous springs.考點(diǎn)6 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子，謂語(yǔ)何時(shí)用瞬間動(dòng)詞，何時(shí)用延續(xù)動(dòng)詞？ 若表示持續(xù)性的動(dòng)作，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)如these days, in the past few years, during the

7、last three months, for two years, so far, up to now, till now等連用。注意：瞬間動(dòng)詞不能與持續(xù)性的完成時(shí)連用，必須改為延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，記住下面的瞬間動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)動(dòng)詞的換用：【活學(xué)活用】1、I _（buy）this bicycle for five years.2、You can _（borrow）it for two days.3、The film_（begin）for five minutes.4、How long _ you _（go）this school?5、The old man_（die）since 2000.6.They got

8、 married two years ago. =It _since they got married.7、We came to this school three years ago. =We_ this school _three years.1、 動(dòng)詞變動(dòng)詞：buyhave, borrowkeep2、 變?yōu)椤癰e+adj./adv.”：beginbe on, close/openbe closed/open, diebe dead, finishbe over, get upbe up, marrybe married, gobe off, comebe here, returnbe b

9、ack, arrivebe here3、 變?yōu)椤癰e+介詞短語(yǔ)”：come/go be in/at, joinbe in(或“be+成員”)，put onwear(或be in)考點(diǎn)7 如何將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)？主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的方法是：一看動(dòng)詞，二換主語(yǔ)，三變謂語(yǔ)。1、主動(dòng)句有雙賓語(yǔ)，可將其中一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，但若將直接賓語(yǔ)用作主語(yǔ)，后面要使用_引出間接賓語(yǔ)。He gave me a book yesterday. I was given a book yesterday./A book was given to me yesterday.2、 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)是一個(gè)不可分的整體，變化時(shí)不能丟掉介

10、詞或副詞。You should speak to me politely. I should be spoken to politely.(to 不可少)3、帶賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，賓補(bǔ)在原位置不動(dòng)。I saw a man playing basketball there. A man was seen playing basketball there.4、在主動(dòng)句中某些動(dòng)詞后的不定式可省略to，但在被動(dòng)句中to要補(bǔ)出。Our parents make us study hard. We are made to study hard.【活學(xué)活用】將下面句子的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1、T

11、he students clean the room every day.2、She gave me twenty yuan last week.3、The girl has taken care of the blind men for five years.考點(diǎn)8 哪些動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式可以表示被動(dòng)意義？1、系動(dòng)詞，如look, feel, taste, smell等。The music sounds beautiful.這音樂聽起來很美。2、sell, write, drive 等詞作不及物動(dòng)詞，其主語(yǔ)為物時(shí)。This kind of clothes sells well.這種衣服賣得很好。

12、3、在be worth doing sth.中的doing。The basketball match is well worth watching.這場(chǎng)籃球賽很值得看。4、在need ,want, require等表示“需要”的動(dòng)詞后接V-ing形式表示被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于to be done。My kite wants mending.我的風(fēng)箏需修理。【活學(xué)活用】1、 This kind of food_（smell） hot.2、 The latest model cars _（sell）well.3、 The ball-pen_（write）smoothly.4、 The book is w

13、orth_（read）.5、 Your hair wants _（cut）.考點(diǎn)9 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有哪些習(xí)慣用法？據(jù)說_ 眾所周知_據(jù)報(bào)道_ 大家相信_(tái)專練 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空，完成下面的句子1、_（據(jù)說）we will have an English exam tomorrow.2、_(眾所周知)most families have one bike at least.3、_(大家相信)our government will solve this problem.隨堂練習(xí)7.I _ scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was fi

14、ve years old. A.will be B.was C.have been D.would be5.Ben and Sue arent home, are they?No. They _ to London on business. A. have gone B. go C. have been D. will go18.Why did the car hit the boy?Because the driver _ on the phone at that time.A. talk B. is talking C. was talking D. have talked6.Miss B

15、rown, we _ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now? A.finish B.finishing C.are finished D.have finished10.I called you at half past nine this morning, but there was no answer.Oh, sorry. I _ with my cousin in the supermarket. A. shopping B. was shopping C. shopped D. will shop9.Do you have any pla

16、ns for tonight?Yes ,I _ at the new Italian restaurant in town. A. eat B. have eaten C. ate D. am going to eat9.Premier Zhou Enlai _ for many years, he still lives in the hearts of Chinese people. A.died B.was died C.has been died D.has been dead10.Mary with her parents often _ for a walk in the park

17、 after supper. A.go B.is going C.are going D.goes11.We _ some robots at home in the future, and there _ some in the office, too. A.will have; will have B.have; will be C.will have; will be D.will have; are6.Our classmates went to a concert yesterday afternoon.What a pity! I _ my homework. A.had done

18、 B.was doing C.am doing D.would do5.Stop smoking, Joe! You _ yourself if you keep on doing it like that! A.will kill B.have killed C.kill D.killed8.Have you watched the new movie Jurassic world, Steven?Not yet. I _ it with my cousin this evening. A. will watch B. was watching C. watched D. have watc

19、hed9.Too many people were absent. The chairperson warned that he _ the meeting if necessary. A. would cancel B. cancelled C. would star D. started13.Mother often tells me, “I hope you _ what I _ you to do at school!” A.wont forget; have told B.dont forget; will tellC.didnt forget; tell D.havent forg

20、otten; am telling4.Please wait. She _ to you in a few minutes. A.talk B.talked C.have talked D.will talk17.When shall we begin our meeting?Well begin it when Helen _.A.comes B.came C.will come D.come5.Lily, will you go to Jennys birthday party this Saturday?Im not sure. Because I _ so far. A.havent

21、invited B.wasnt invited C.havent been invited D.will be invited10.You cant wear shoes inside this place. It _.A. doesnt allow B. isnt allowed C. hasnt allowed D. wasnt allowed5.How long have you had the computer? For two weeks. My father_it for me as my birthday gift. Abuys   Bwill buy  Cbou