人教版高中英語必修5重點詞匯、短語、句型、語法大全

1、人教版高中英語必修5重點詞匯、短語、句型、語法大全unit1 great scientists【重點詞匯、短語】1. put forward提出2. conclude終止，結(jié)論3. draw a conclusion得出結(jié)論4. defeat打敗5. attend照料，護理，出席6. expose to使顯露7. cure治愈，治療8. challenge挑戰(zhàn)9. suspect懷疑，被懷疑者10. blame批評11. handle柄，把手，處理，掌控12. link聯(lián)系，連接13. link to將和連接14. announce宣布15. contribute捐獻，奉獻16. apart

2、from除了17. be strict with對嚴格18. make sense講的通，有意義19. spin使旋轉(zhuǎn)20. reject拒絕，拋棄【重點句型】1. what do you know about infectious diseases.你對傳染性疾病明白多少.2. john snow was a famous doctor in london so expert, indeed, that he attended queen victoria as her personal physician.約翰. 斯諾是倫敦一位聞名的醫(yī)生他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精深，因而成為維多利亞女王的私人大夫；3.

3、 but he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但當他一想到要幫忙患了霍亂的一般老百姓，他就感到很興奮；4. neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不明白它的治療方法；5. heknewthatcholerawouldneverbecontrolleduntilitscausewas found.他知道，在找到病源之前，霍亂疫情是無法掌握的；6. thesecondsuggestedth

4、atpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheir bodies with their meals.其次種看法是在吃飯的時候人們把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的；7. john snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.約翰. 斯諾猜想其次個理論是正確的，但他需要證據(jù)；8. it seemed that the water was to blame.看來要歸罪于飲用水了；9. he immediately told the astonished people in broad st

5、reet to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.約翰. 斯諾立刻叫寬街上驚惶失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手，這樣水泵就用不成了；10. inanotherpartoflondon,hefoundsupportingevidencefromtwo other deaths that were linked to the broad street outbreak.在倫敦的另一個地區(qū)，他從兩個與寬街爆發(fā)的霍亂有關(guān)聯(lián)的死亡病例中又發(fā)覺了有力證據(jù)；【語法總結(jié)】過去分詞作定語和表語一 .過去分詞作表語作表語用的過去分詞

6、表示主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài)，相當于形容詞，強調(diào)主謂關(guān)系；被動語態(tài)表示動作，強調(diào)動賓關(guān)系,絕大多數(shù)被動結(jié)構(gòu)中的行為執(zhí)行者仍可以用 by短語來表示；1. 過去分詞做表語與被動語態(tài)的差異: the store is now closed.系表 the library is usually closed at 8:00 p.m. 被動 2. 某些過去分詞作表語，多半用來表示人物所處的心理狀態(tài)或情感變化,其主語主要是人；這 類 過 去 分 詞 通 常 為 下 列 過 去 分 詞 :delighted,devoted,discouraged,astonished,frightened,excited,in

7、spired,encouraged,interested, contented, pleased, puzzled, satisfied, tired, worried, ect .二 .過去分詞作定語作定語的過去分詞相當于形容詞，其規(guī)律主語就是它所修飾的名詞；及物動詞的 過去分詞作定語，既表被動又表完成；不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，只表完成；1. 過去分詞用作定語，假如是單個的，置于其所修飾的名詞之前；we must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.我們必需使我們的思想適應轉(zhuǎn)變了的情形；2. 過去分詞短語用作定語時，置于其所修飾的名詞

8、之后，其意義相當于一個定語從句，但較從句簡潔，多用于書面語中；the concert given by their friends was a success.他們伴侶舉辦的音樂會大為勝利；3. 過去分詞短語有時也可用作非限制性定語，前后常有逗號；the meeting，attended by over five thousand people，welcomed the great hero.他們舉辦了歡迎英雄的大會，到會的有五千多人；unit2 the united kingdom【重點詞匯、短語】1. consist組成，在于，一樣2. consist of由組成3. divideinto

9、把分成4. break away from脫離5. to one s credit在的名下，為帶來榮譽6. attract吸引，引起留意7. leave out省去，遺漏，不考慮8. plus加上，和，正的9. take the place of代替10. break down損壞，破壞11. arrange支配12. fold折疊，對折13. delight歡樂，興奮，歡樂【重點句型】1. how many countries does the uk consist of.聯(lián)合王國由幾個國家組成.2. you can easily clarify this question if you s

10、tudy british history.假如你學習了英國歷史，很簡單就能弄清晰這個問題；3. happilythiswasaccomplishedwithoutconflictwhenkingjames of scotland became king of england and wales as well.令人興奮的是，這件事沒有引起沖突就完成了，那時候蘇格蘭的詹姆斯國王也成為了英格蘭和威爾士的國王；4. however, the southern part of ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government

11、.然而，愛爾蘭的南部卻不情愿而分別出去了，并建立了自己的政府；5. to their credit the four countries do work together in some areas.值得夸獎的是，這四個國家的確在一些方面共同合作；6. england isthelargestofthefourcountries,andforconvenienceitis divided roughly into three zones.在這四個國家中，英格蘭最大，為了便利起見，它大致被分為了三個地區(qū)；7. youmustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakey

12、ourtripto the united kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.假如你想要使你的英國之旅開心又有意義，你就必需留心觀看；8. worried about the time available, zhang pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in london.由于擔憂時間不夠，張萍玉早就把她想在倫敦參觀的地點列了一張單子；9. it looked splendid when first built.剛建成的時候，它看起來真是金碧輝煌；10. what interested he

13、r most was the longitude line.她最感愛好的是那條經(jīng)線；【語法總結(jié)】過去分詞作賓補過去分詞作賓語補足語，說明賓語的狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)，過去分詞所表示的動作和賓語有規(guī)律上的動賓關(guān)系；一 .能接過去分詞作賓語補足語的動詞有三類：1. 表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動詞，如： see, hear, feel, watch, notice；think（認為） , consider, find等；we saw the thief caught by the police.我觀察小偷被警察抓住了； we thought the game lost. 我們認為球賽輸了；2. 表示“致使” 或“保持

14、某狀態(tài)”意義的動詞， 如：make, get, have, keep, leave等；don t leave such an important thing undone.不要讓這么重要的事沒有人做；he had his hat blown away on his way home.在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了；3. 表示“期望、要求、命令”等動詞，如：want,wish,like,expect,order等；i want the house white-washed before we move in.我想要房子在我搬進去之前粉刷完；he won t like such questions

15、discussed at the meeting.他不喜愛在會上爭論這樣的問題；二 . "with +賓語 + 過去分詞 " 結(jié)構(gòu)"with+ 賓語 + 過去分詞 " 結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞with的賓語補足語；這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時間，方式，條件，緣由等狀語；例如：1. the murderer was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back.兇手被帶進來了 , 他的雙手被綁在背后. 表方式 2. withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.水一被加熱,我們就會看到水蒸氣 .

16、表條件 3. with the matter settled,we all went home.事情得到解決, 我們都回家了.表緣由 unit3 life in the future【重點詞匯、短語】1. impression印象，感想2. take up拿起，開頭，連續(xù)3. constant經(jīng)常發(fā)生的，連續(xù)不斷的4. previous在前的，早先的5. guide指導，向?qū)?. lack缺乏，沒有7. lose sight of看不見8. sweep up橫掃9. slide into移動，溜進10. optimistic樂觀的11. speed up加速12. desert沙漠13. in

17、stant瞬時，片刻14. settlement定居，解決【重點句型】1. i have to remind myself constantly that i am really in ad 3008.我得不斷提示自己我真的到公元3008年了；2. at first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.開頭的時候,新的環(huán)境讓我難以忍耐；3. theairseemedthin,asthoughitscombinationofgaseshadlittle oxygen left.空氣似乎很淡薄，似乎在混合的氣體中剩下的氧氣很少；4. hit

18、 by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.由于缺乏新奇空氣，我感到頭痛；5. sooniwasbackonmyfeetagainandfollowinghimtocollecta hovering carriage driven by computer.很快我又重新振作起來，然后跟隨他領(lǐng)取了一部由電腦掌握的氣墊車；6. however, i lost sight of wang ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying b

19、y in all directions.可是，當我們到達一個看上去像大市場的地方時，由于太多車子朝四周八方飛奔，我看不見王平了；7. he was swept up into the center of them.他被卷入到這群車隊中去了；8. arriving at a strange-looking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room.到了一幢看上去很古怪的房子里，他把握帶到一個光明而清潔的大房間；9. i foundlaterthattheirleavesprovidedtheroomwithmuch-needed ox

20、ygen.后來我才發(fā)覺，就是這些樹的葉子為這棟房屋供應了最急需的氧氣；【語法總結(jié)】過去分詞作狀語過去分詞短語作狀語，可表示時間，緣由，條件等，可進展為一個狀語從句；過去分詞作狀語時其規(guī)律主語為主句的主語；過去分詞作狀語時的詳細用法：1. 過去分詞作時間狀語相當于一個時間狀語從句；例如：asked when he was asked what had happened, he lowered his head.當他被問問題的時候,他低下了頭；2. 過去分詞作緣由狀語相當于一個緣由狀語從句；例如：frightened =because / as she was frightened by the

21、tiger, the girl didn't dare to sleep alone.由于可怕老虎,這個女孩不敢單獨睡覺；3. 過去分詞作條件狀語相當于一個條件狀語從句；例如：grown if these seeds are grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.假如種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長得很快；4. 過去分詞作讓步狀語相當于一個讓步狀語從句；例如：left although he was left at home, john didn't feel afraid at all.雖然 john被單獨留在房間里,他一點

22、都不可怕；5. 過去分詞作狀語表示相伴動作或狀態(tài)；例如：the teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students.老師進入教室，后面跟著一幫同學；unit4 making the news【重點詞匯、短語】1. delighted歡樂的，欣喜的2. assist幫忙，幫助3. process加工，處理，過程，程序4. concentrate on集中，集合5. acquire獲得，學到6. assess評估，評定7. inform通知8. depend on依靠9. accuseof控告10. s

23、o as to為了11. demand需求，要求12. ahead of在前面13. approve許可，批準【重點句型】1. neverwillzhouyangforgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofa popular english newspaper.周陽永久不會遺忘他在一家知名的英語報報社第一天上班的工作任務；2. you ll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you re i

24、nterested.你將會發(fā)覺你的同事們會熱忱地幫忙你，假如你對攝影感愛好，以后你可以集中精力去鉆研；3. not only am i interested in photography, but i took an amateur course at university to update my skills.對攝影我不只是感愛好，在高校里我仍專修過業(yè)余攝影課來更新我的技術(shù)；4. onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquireallthe information you need to know.只有提很多不同的問題，你才能收集到你需要的信

25、息；5. they must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.他們必需通過調(diào)查爭論來獲悉被遺漏的那部分情形；6. meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the persons said.同時，你仍要依據(jù)被采訪人所說的話預備提出下一個問題；7. have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the

26、wrong end of the stick.你們有沒有過這樣的情形：有人控告你的記者，說他們的報道完全失實呢？8. this is how the story goes.事情是這樣的；9. he denied taking money but we were sceptical.他否認收了錢，但我們對此表示懷疑；10. itwasadilemmabecausethefootballercouldhavedemanded damages if we were wrong.這事有些犯難，由于假如我們錯了，這名足球運動員就可以向我們索要賠償；【語法總結(jié)】倒裝句 （點擊 “倒裝句”即可查看全部內(nèi)容）

27、unit5 first aid【重點詞匯、短語】1. first aid急救2. fall ill生病3. poison毒藥，使中毒4. electric shock觸電，電休克5. swell使膨脹，隆起6. squeeze榨，擠7. squeeze out榨出，擠出8. over and over again反復，多次9. in place在適當?shù)奈恢?0. pour倒，灌11. a number of很多12. put one s hands on找到13. treat治療，對待，招待14. apply應用，運用，申請15. make a difference區(qū)分對待，有影響，起（重要）作用【重點句型】1. burnsarecalledfirstdegree,seconddegreeorthirddegreeburns depending on which layers of the skins are bu