定語從句的基本用法-文檔資料

1、.1.2（一）定語從句的基本用法（一）定語從句的基本用法u在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句u被修飾的詞叫先行詞；u定語從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。u關(guān)系代詞： 1.先行詞是人 who, whom, who, whom, whose, that. whose, that. 2.先行詞是物 which,which, whose,whose, that.that.u關(guān)系副詞（從句中做狀語）： 1.先行詞是時間 when.when. 2.先行詞是地點 wherewhere. 3.先行詞是原因 why.why.例句例句1：uThe man who/that was here yesterd

2、ay is a middle school teacher.1. 先行詞先行詞 man（即從句修即從句修飾的名詞或代詞）飾的名詞或代詞）;2. 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 who /that（修飾人）。修飾人）。例句例句2：uThis is the town where I was born.1. 先行詞先行詞 town （即從句即從句修飾的名詞）；修飾的名詞）；2. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞 where （修飾修飾地點，從句中狀語地點，從句中狀語）。）。 .3（二）由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞：who whom whose that whichwho whom whose that which1.Th

3、e boy who /that is standing over there is my brother. The boy is my brother. The boy is standing over there.2. The woman (whom/that) you saw in my room is my mother. The woman is my mother. You saw the woman in my room.43. The letter is from my family. I received the letter yesterday. The letter (wh

4、ich/that）I received yesterday is from my family.4.This is Tom. Toms mother is our English teacher. This is Tom whose mother is our English teacher.5（三）由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞 : : when where why I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing. 先行詞先行詞 “the day” 在從句中做狀語在從句中做狀語, 表示時間表示時間: I first came to

5、Beijing on the day. (所以用關(guān)所以用關(guān)系副詞系副詞when。)比較比較：I still remember the day ( _ ) we spend together. 先行詞先行詞 “ the day” 在從句中做在從句中做spend賓語：賓語： We spend the day together. （所以在該句中（所以在該句中用關(guān)系代詞用關(guān)系代詞which/that，并且可省略。），并且可省略。）.62. This is the place _ we worked last year. 先行詞 “the place”在從句中做狀語，表示地點： We worked in

6、 the place last year. ( 所以用關(guān)系副詞where。) 比較：比較：This is the place (_) we visited last year. 先行詞 “the place”在從句中做visited的賓語： We visited the place last year.( 所以用關(guān)系代詞which/that,并且可省略。)u 先行詞在從句中做狀語，用關(guān)系副詞； 先行詞在從句中做賓語或主語，用關(guān)系代詞。 .73. That is the reason (_) he dislikes me. That is (the reason) why he dislikes

7、 me. 先行詞先行詞 “the reason” 表示原因，用關(guān)系副詞表示原因，用關(guān)系副詞why. 該句中可省略先行詞，或省略關(guān)系副詞。該句中可省略先行詞，或省略關(guān)系副詞。u關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞： 1.1.先行詞是先行詞是人人 2. 2.先行詞是先行詞是物物 u關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞： 1.1.先行詞是先行詞是時間時間 2. 2.先行詞是先行詞是地點地點 3. 3.先行詞是先行詞是原因原因 .9u下列情況必須用下列情況必須用“that” ,不能用不能用“which”: 1. 先行詞先行詞是all, little, few。Is this all that is left? (就剩下這一個了嗎？就剩下這

8、一個了嗎？) 2. 先行詞先行詞anything, everything, nothing 。Have you got anything that belongs to me? (你那有我什么東西嗎？你那有我什么東西嗎？) 3. 先行詞由先行詞由none, much, only 修飾。修飾。The only thing that is important is to find our way home. (唯一重要的事是要找到回家的路。唯一重要的事是要找到回家的路。) （五）使用關(guān)系詞應(yīng)注意的問題（五）使用關(guān)系詞應(yīng)注意的問題4. 先行詞由序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾。This is the best f

9、ilm (that) Ive ever seen. (這是我看過的最好的電影。) 5. “time”做先行詞表示“次”。This is the first time that I have been to Beijing. (這是我第一次去北京。)u“that”“that”不能用于非限定性定語從句不能用于非限定性定語從句 l在非限定性定語從句中，先行詞指物時只能用 “which”，不能用“that”，而且“which”不能省略。 This is Johns book, which is very interesting. (這是約翰的書，這本書很有趣。) I like to talk with

10、 Tom, who is my old friend. ( 我喜歡同湯姆交談，他是我的老朋友。).11 Practice(練習(xí)練習(xí))1. The beautiful card is from my friend _ lives in Australia.這張漂亮的明信片是澳大利這張漂亮的明信片是澳大利亞的朋友寄給我的。亞的朋友寄給我的。2. I borrowed the bike from Tom _ father is a teacher.我從爸爸是教師的湯姆那我從爸爸是教師的湯姆那借的自行車。借的自行車。.124. We live on the earth, _ is much bigger than the moon. (非限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句)我們住在地球上我們住在地球上,地球比月亮大多了。地球比月亮大多了。(“the earth”在從句中做主語在從句中做主語)3.This is the earth _ we live. 這就是我們居住的地