Edgar Allan Poe 介紹

1、(January 19, 1809 October 7, 1849)埃德加愛倫坡 Edgar Allan PoeThis daguerreotype of Poe was taken in 1848 when he was 39, a year before his death Born: January 19, 1809)Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. Died: October 7, 1849) (aged 40)Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. Nationality: American Spouse(s): Virginia Eliza Cle

2、mm Poe Achievements Edgar Allan Poe was an American author, poet, editor and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement. Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre, Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is considered the inventor o

3、f the detective fiction genre. He is further credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction. He was the first well-known American writer to try to earn a living through writing alone, resulting in a financially difficult life and career.Life Experience Poes childhood: He was bor

4、n in Boston, both parents died within two years after his birth, taken into the home of John Allan in Virginia, had an unhappy relationship with his foster father Poes youth: He attended the University of Virginia for one semester but left due to lack of money. Life Experience A struggling writer: a

5、 In 1831, He submitted stories to many of magazines and they were all rejected. b In 1835, Edgar finally got a job as an editor of a newspaper. c In 1840, he started his writing career and published his first detective story . d In 1843 , He tried to start a magazine but failed and he could barely m

6、ake a living .Life Experience Final days: a His wife died in 1847, 10 days after his birthday. b After losing his wife, Poe collapsed from stress and was also in poor health . c He died in October 7, 1849 with some uncertain reasons. Life Experience a miserable childhoodwas adopted by John Allan an

7、unhappy relationship entered the University but didnt finish went to West Point but was dismissedat 27 he married his 13-year-old cousin her death in 1847 left him a bitterer life died in mysterious circumstances, in 1849 Main worksGothic（歌特）story（哥特式小說的意義首先在于：它雖然采取了不合理的怪誕形式，還是企圖反映正在形成的資本主義社會糾纏不清的復雜

8、現(xiàn)實。它對繼起的文學作品的影響正和這一點有關(guān)系。神秘、怪誕、痛苦的恐怖，以及其他類似的特點，在浪漫主義作家的作品中得到發(fā)展。他們繼承了恐怖神秘小說所包含的社會批判的成分，并且把它們深刻化。他們也采用了以哲學理解來處理怪誕成分的手法。”阿尼克斯特英國文學史綱）Detective storyPoetry Gothic Storya The Masque of the Red Death （紅死病的假面舞會） b The Fall of the House of Usher（厄舍古廈的倒塌） c The Angel of the Odd（奇怪天使） d The Devil in the Belfry

9、（鐘樓魔影） e The Oval Portrait (橢圓形畫像） f The Man That Was Used Up（被用光的人） g King Pest （瘟疫王）Detective Story a Thou Art the Man（你就是兇手） b The P urloined Letter(被竊之信) c The Mystery of Marie Roget(瑪麗羅杰疑案) d The Murders in the Rue Morgue(莫格街謀殺案 ) f The Gold-Bug(金甲蟲 ) g The Oblong Box（長方形箱子）Poetry a To Helen (致

10、海倫 ) b To One in Paradise（致樂園中的一位 ） c The Sleeper(睡美人) d The Valley of Unrest(不安的山谷 ) f The City in the Sea(海中之城 ) g Silence, a Sonnet(十四行詩）靜 h The Raven（烏鴉）III Historical position ( I ) He is one of the most famous American Poets, fictionists and literature critics.( II ) He is one of the forefathe

11、rs of detective story, science fiction , horror fiction, and the master of short Gothic story . ( III ) He have profound influence on many writers such as Conan Doyle(柯南.道爾） , Edogawa Rampo(江戶川亂步） and so on .(IIII) share the reputation with Ann Bruce bulls(安布魯斯布爾斯) and Howard Phillips Lovecraft（洛夫克拉

12、夫特 ）as the most famous three horror fictionists . a short story writera poet a critic the greatest journalistic critic of his time“(Shaws evaluation of Poes achievement)his poetry is “exquisitely refined“(精致優(yōu)雅精致優(yōu)雅)his tales are complete works of artPoe is a great writer of fiction, a poet of the fir

13、st rank, and a critic of insight His theory for short story- clarity 1. The short story must be of such length as to be read at one sitting (brevity), so as to ensure the totality of impression. 2.The very first sentence ought to help to bring out the “single effect” of the story. 3. No word should

14、be used which does not contribute to the “pre-established” design of the work (compression). 4.A tale should reveal some logical truth with “the fullest satisfaction” and should end with the last sentence, leaving a sense of finality with the reader. (a certain decision 某種結(jié)局）Short story should be of

15、 brevity, totality, single effect, compression(壓縮) and finality. His theory of poetry 1.His poetic theories are remarkable in their clarity.2.The poem should be short, readable at one sitting (or as long as “The Raven”).3. Its chief aim is beauty, namely, to produce a feeling of beauty in the reader

16、，to pure ones soul.4.Melancholy is the most legitimate of all the poetic tones.5.Poetry does not have to inculcate a moral.6.The artistry of the poem lies not in what is being said but in what way it is said. (form is superior to content)7.stresses musical quality of verse and defines true poetry as “rhythmical creation of beauty.” Influence Poe and his works influenced literature in