UnitIusedtobeafraidofthedark.(00002)

1、Unit 2 I used to be afraid of the dark.編 稿：趙吉存責(zé) 編：郭素清一、目標認知重點詞匯與短語1 terrify使害怕、使恐懼2. chew咀嚼3 afford買得起4. cause造成、引起5. chat聊天6. patient有耐心的、忍耐的7. decision決定、決心8. necessary 必須的、必要的9. waste 浪費、濫用10. used to過去常常11. be interested in 對 .感興趣12. be afraid（ terrified ） of 害怕、恐怕13. on the swim team在游泳隊14. wit

2、h the bedroom light on開著臥室的燈15. give up放棄16. go to sleep 入睡17. get into trouble with給某人找麻煩18. make a decision下決心19. to ones surprise令人驚奇的是20. take pride in引以為自豪21. pay attention to注意22. no longer不再重點句型：1. I used to be afraid of the dark. 我過去常常害怕黑暗。2. You are Paula, aren you?t你是葆拉，對嗎？3. But now I am

3、more interested in sports. 但現(xiàn)在我對體育運動更感興趣。4. I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我開著臥室的燈睡覺。5. These days, I hardly ever have time for concerts. 這些日子，我?guī)缀鯖]有時間去音樂會了。6. Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends,.在我上中學(xué)以前，我常常花費很多時間和朋友們一起玩游戲，7. My life has

4、 changed a lot in the last few years.在過去的幾年里，我的生活發(fā)生很大變化。8. It will make you stressed out. 它會使你壓力很大。9. His mother looked after him as well as she could. 他的媽媽盡她所能來照顧他。10. Martin s life became much more difficult馬.丁的生活變得越來越難。11. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 于梅似乎改變了許多。12. My mother helped me

5、to understand how much she had given me.我的媽媽幫助我明白了她給予了我多少。13. She also told me even though my father was no longer with us, he was watching me, andwould always take pride in everything good I do.她還告訴我，雖然我的父親不再和我們在一起了，但他還在注視著我，并且將為我做的每一件好事而感到自豪。語法：used to 的用法1/15日常用語：1. Paula, is that you? 葆拉，是你嗎？Yes

6、, it is.是的，我是。2. Don t you remember me?你不記得我了嗎？3. You used to be short and quiet. 你過去很矮并且很安靜。 Yes, but now I am tall and outgoing. 是的，但是現(xiàn)在我長高了，也開朗了。二、精講巧練1. I used to be afraid of the dark. 我過去常常害怕黑暗。點撥：（ 1） used to 表示過去的一種行為和習(xí)慣，它的后面用動詞原形，否定句和疑問句用助動詞 did，也可以用 used的本身 ,是較老的英國英語的用法。例如： My sister used

7、to be short. 我妹妹過去很矮。The shop didn't use to (usedn't to) open on Sundays. 這家商店過去星期日不營業(yè)。（ 2） used to do something 是表示 “過去常常做某事”；be/get used to doing something是表示“習(xí)慣于做某事 ”。例如： I used to go to school on foot. 我過去常常步行去上學(xué)。You will be used to living there.你會習(xí)慣住在那里的。隨時練：【考例】 I _ be short. But now I

8、 am taller.A. didn t usedB. used toC. use toD. am used to【答案與解讀】答案是 B。句意是 “過去我很矮但是現(xiàn)在高多了 ”，所以用 used to 表示“過去曾經(jīng)、常常 ”的意思。2. You are Paula, aren你是tyou?葆拉，對嗎？點撥：（ 1）這是一個反意疑問句，表示就提出情況和看法，詢問對方同意不同意。反意疑問句的特點是：前面肯定后面否定，前面否定后面肯定；前后兩個句子的時態(tài)要保持一致.例如： Your father doesnt like reading, does he?你爸爸不喜歡閱讀，是不是？（ 2）一些特殊

9、的反意疑問句：有 few ， hardly， never， no， nothing 等詞是表示否定，后面的疑問用肯定形式。例如： Few students can answer this question, can they?幾乎沒有學(xué)生能夠回答這個問題，對不對？陳述句有不定代詞作主語，后面疑問部分主語用it。例如： Nothing is wrong with my bike, is it?我的自行車沒有毛病，對不對？隨時練：【考例】 Dont be late for school next time, _?A. shall weB. do youC. will youD. don t you

10、2/15【答案與解讀】答案是 C。祈使句的反意疑問句用 will you 或者 wont you 。如果是否定形式的祈使句用 will you 來反問。3 But now I am more interested in sports. 但現(xiàn)在我對體育運動更感興趣。點撥：（ 1） but now 引導(dǎo)的句子是和前面 used to 引導(dǎo)的句子形成對比，表示過去所發(fā)生的動作,現(xiàn)在不在發(fā)生。例如： My father used to smoke a lot, but now he has given it up.我的爸爸過去抽煙多，但現(xiàn)在他戒煙了。（ 2） interested 是多音節(jié)的形容詞，它

11、的比較級是用more interested。例如： It is more difficult than your thought.它比你想象的要困難多。隨時練：【考例】 I think your shirt is _ than your sisters.A. bigB. more bigC. beautifulD. more beautiful【答案與解讀】答案是D 。本句子是考查形容詞的比較級用法。選項A 是形容詞原形， B 的比較級是bigger。beautiful 是多音節(jié)的形容詞，它的比較級是用more beautiful ，所以選擇 D。4. I go to sleep with m

12、y bedroom light on. 我開著臥室的燈睡覺。點撥：句中 “with+名詞 +介詞短語 ”結(jié)構(gòu)表示伴隨狀態(tài)。表示一個動作伴隨另一個動作同時發(fā)生或者進行。例如： Dont do your homework with the radio on. 不要開著收音機做你的作業(yè)。隨時練：【考例】 Our teacher came into the classroom _ a book in his hand.A. withB. inC. upD. on【答案與解讀】答案是A。本句子是考查介詞短語表示伴隨的用法，意思是“我們的老師手里拿著一本書進入教室”， with 結(jié)構(gòu)表示拿著書和進入教室同

13、時發(fā)生。5. These days, I hardly ever have time for concerts. 這些日子，我?guī)缀鯖]有時間去音樂會了。點撥：hardly 是表示否定意義 “幾乎不 ”，它經(jīng)常用在行為動詞的前面或者連系動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞的后面。例如： It was difficult, so you can hardly finish it by yourself.它很難，你自己不可能獨自完成。隨時練：【考例】 They can hardly do their homework, _?A. do theyB. don t theyC. can theyD. can t the

14、y【答案與解讀】答案是C。本題是考查反意疑問句的用法，前面的句子有hardly 表示否定，所以后面的句子用肯定形式。前面句子有情態(tài)動詞can，后面的附加疑問句用can3/15they。6. Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends， 在我上中學(xué)以前，我常?；ㄙM很多時間和朋友們一起玩游戲，點撥：（ 1）動詞 spend 是 “花費 ”的意思， spend時間 /金錢 on（in doing ）表示 “在某方面花費時間、金錢 ”的意思。例如： I spent t

15、wo hundred Yuan on that new bike. 買那輛新自行車花費我200 元。He spent all the holiday reading the book. 他花整個假期都用來讀這本書。隨時練：【考例 1】 We often spend two hours _ our homework every day.A. doB doingC. didD. to do【答案與解讀】答案是 B。表示 “在做某事方面花費時間或者金錢 ”用 spend on名詞或者 spend doing，所以用動名詞形式?！究祭?2】根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子。（2011 北京）哥哥花了一個星期教我彈

16、吉他。_ to play the guitar.【答案】 Brother spent a week teaching me7. My life has changed a lot in the last few years. 在過去的幾年里，我的生活發(fā)生很大變化。點撥：（ 1） a lot 用在動詞的后面修飾動詞表示做事的程度。例如： I know a lot about Chinese history. 我對中國歷史了解很多。（ 2） in the last few years 表示 “在過去的幾年里”， 它的同義詞是in the past few years ，常用在現(xiàn)在完成時。其他表示現(xiàn)

17、在完成時的時間狀語有：already， yet ， since， eversince，recently， so far 等。隨時練：【考例】 Great changes _ in China in the past few years.A. took placeB. have taken placeC. happenD. take place【答案與解讀】答案是 B。本句子的時間狀語 in the past few years 的意思是 “在過去的幾年里 ”，它和現(xiàn)在完成時連用。8. It will make you stressed out. 它會使你壓力很大。點撥：make 作為使役動詞表

18、示 “讓、使 ”，它的賓語補足語一般由形容詞來充當；如果是動詞不定式充當賓語補足語，要用省略to 的動詞不定式。例如： Working too much makes me tired. 太多的工作使我疲勞。4/15My father makes me do my homework every day. 我的爸爸迫使我每天做家庭作業(yè)。隨時練：【考例】 What you said just now made me _ angry.A. feelingB. to feelC. feelD. are【答案與解讀】答案是C。在動詞make 的后面用省略to 的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，所以選擇C。9. H

19、is mother looked after him as well as she could. 他的媽媽盡她所能來照顧他。點撥：（ 1 ） look after somebody 的意思是“照看、照顧”，它的同義詞短語是take care ofsomebody。例如： Our teacher looks after the child very well.我們的老師照顧這個孩子很好。（ 2） as well as 的意思是 “和一樣好 ”，這個結(jié)構(gòu)是形容詞的同級比較，as.as的中間用形容詞的原形。例如： Your ruler is as long as his. 你的尺子和他的一樣長。隨時

20、練：【考例】 I think English is as _ as math.A. importantB. more importantC. more interestingD. most important【答案與解讀】答案是A 。本句子是考查形容詞的比較級，同級比較，as. as 的中間用形容詞的原級。10. Martin s life became much more difficult馬.丁的生活變得越來越難。點撥：句中用 much 修飾形容詞的比較級，表示“更加 ”，加強比較的程度。除了用much 之外還可以用a little ， even， still ， a lot， far 等

21、修飾形容詞的比較級。例如： He is much younger than I. 他比我年輕多了。隨時練：【考例】 Your bike is _ than mine.A. much more beautifulB. much beautifulC. very more beautifulD. beautiful【答案與解讀】答案是A 。本句子是考查形容詞的比較級，修飾形容詞的比較級可以用 much，但不能用 very 。11. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 于梅似乎改變了許多。點撥：（ 1） seem 是連系動詞，它的意思是“似乎好像，仿佛”，

22、后面用that 或者 as if 引導(dǎo)的從句作表語，主語常用 it。例如： It seems as if it is going to rain. 天好像要下雨。（ 2） seem 的后面還可以用動詞不定式、名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞或者to be形容5/15詞作表語。例如： He seems to laugh at us. 他仿佛在嘲笑我們。隨時練：【考例】 The boy seems _ lying.A. isB. wasC. beD. to be【答案與解讀】答案是D。動詞 seem 的后面用動詞不定式作表語。12. My mother helped me to understand ho

23、w much she had given me.我的媽媽幫助我明白了她給予了我多少。點撥：動詞短語 help somebody do/to do something 的意思是 “幫助某人做某事”。例如： My father often helps me study English.我的爸爸經(jīng)常幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語。隨時練：【考例】 Can you help me _ the work?A. finishB. finishingC. doingD. did【答案與解讀】答案是 A 。在動詞短語 help somebody do/ to do something 可知用 to 或不用 to 都可以，所以

24、選擇 A 。13. She also told me even though my father was no longer with us, he was watching me, and would always take pride in everything good I do.她還告訴我，雖然我的父親不再和我們在一起了，但他還在注視著我，并且將為我做的每一件好事而感到自豪。點撥：everything good I do 的意思是 “我做的每一件好事 ”， I do 是后置定語修飾不定代詞 everything good ，形容詞 good 又修飾不定代詞 everything ，要放

25、在不定代詞的后面。隨時練：【考例】 Is there _ in todays newspaper?A. something newB. anything newC. new somethingD. new anything【答案與解讀】答案是B。在一般疑問句中用不定代詞anything ，修飾不定代詞的形容詞放在不定代詞的后面。三、寫作進行時根據(jù)表格信息，描寫Helen 的變化。Activity Past NowEat Meat Fruit and vegetablesWatch Cartoon Action moviesBe Shy OutgoingDo at school Run arou

26、nd Play basketballDo at home Watch TV Do homework寫作過程：(1) 審題：6/15描寫 Helen 的過去和現(xiàn)在的變化，描寫過去的情況用一般過去時，描寫現(xiàn)在的情況用一般現(xiàn)在時。(2) 列出相關(guān)的短語和句子：1. has changed a lot2. used to eat meat3. loves fruit and vegetables4. She used to watch cartoons because they are funny, and now she loves action movies.5. She used to be s

27、hy when she was young, but now she is outgoing.6. At school, she often plays basketball with them, but when she was young, she used to run around.7. She used to watch TV. And now as a student, she has to do her homework on weekdays.(3) 謀篇（即句型，連接詞）：but now, because, and now, so, At school, but, As a

28、little girl, As a student ）(4) 寫作：_參考范文：Helens life has changed a lot in the last few years. She used to eat meat when she was young, but now she loves fruit and vegetables, because they are good for her health. She used to watch cartoons because they are funny, and now she loves action movies. She

29、knows a lot of famous actors. She used to be shy when she was young, but now she is outgoing, so she has many friends. At school, she often plays basketball with them, but when she was young, she used to run around. Her life has changed a lot at home. As a little girl, she used to watch TV. And now

30、as a student,she has to do her homework on weekdays.used to 的用法語法點撥used to 是一個固定結(jié)構(gòu)，它的意思是“過去經(jīng)常、以前常常”，它的后面用動詞原形，它表示過去存在某種狀態(tài)或者過去的某種經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的行為或者動作，并意味著這種動作目前已經(jīng)不存在，所以它只能用一般過去時，不能用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。一、它的陳述句的肯定形式：主語used to動詞原形。例如： I used to play with my friends after school.過去放學(xué)后我常常和朋友們一起玩。二、它的否定形式：主語didn tuse to動詞原形。例如

31、： You didn t use to like pop songs.=You usednt to like pop songs.你過去常常不喜歡流行歌曲。三、它的一般疑問句形式：Did 主語 use to動詞原形其他？例如： Did your sister use to be quiet? = Used your sister to be quiet?7/15你的妹妹過去常常是很安靜嗎？四、 used to 的狀語可以用副詞 always， often， sometimes 等，但是仍然是過去的習(xí)慣，不是指現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣，所以不能用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如： He always used to be l

32、ate for class. 他過去常常上課遲到。五、 used to 可以用在there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中表示 “過去經(jīng)常有 ”的意思。例如： There used to be a lot of fishes in this river. 過去這條小河常常有許多魚?！就卣箤Ρ取?. be used to do something 的意思是 “被用來做某事”，是動詞短語use .to do 的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)， used是動詞的過去分詞。它可以用各種時態(tài)。例如： Knives are used to cut things. 小刀是用來切東西的。2. be used to doing something

33、 的意思是 “習(xí)慣于做某事 ”， to 的后面用動名詞，它可以用現(xiàn)在、過去和將來等時態(tài)， be 可以用 get， become 連系動詞代替。例如： My father is used to living in the village. 我爸爸習(xí)慣于住在小山村。鞏固練習(xí)單項選擇1.Mary, you _ be short, but now you are tall.A. wereB. areC. use toD. used to2.My mother _ us stories when we were children.A. was used to tellB. is used to tell

34、ingC. used to tellD. used to telling3._ used to_ an old bookshelf in my room.A. There 。 beB. There。 haveC. It 。 beD. There。 having4.There used to be a river here,_?A. used thereB. didn t thereC. wasn t itD. did it5 My brother has been used _ in the village school.A. to workingB. to workC. workingD.

35、work6._ your cousin _to be afraid of dogs?A. Did, useB. Did, usedC. Was, usedD. Is, used7 How does Jack usually go to school? （ 2011 山東煙臺市）He_ ride a bike, but now he _there to lose weight.A. used to, is used to walkB. was used to, is used to walkingC. was used to, is used to walkD. used to, is used

36、 to walking8. He _ listen to pop music, but now he _ watching Beijing Opera.（ 2011 江8/15蘇淮北）A. used to。 is used toB. used to。 used toC. is used to。 used toD. is used to。 is used to【答案與解讀】1. 答案是 D。本句子是考查動詞短語used to 的用法。從本句子的意思理解是用used to表示 “過去曾經(jīng)很矮 ”的意思。2. 答案是 C。從本句子的意思 “我媽媽過去常常給我們講故事 ”可以理解是用 used to動

37、詞原形表示過去常常。3. 答案是A 。本句子是考查there be 和 used to 連用的用法，表示“過去常常有 ”的意思。4. 答案是 B。本句子是考查反意疑問句的用法，前面是肯定形式，后面用否定形式，排除 A 和 D，后面的疑問句主語和前面保持一致，所以選B。5. 答案是 A。本句子的 be used to working 是表示 “習(xí)慣于工作 ”的意思，這個短語的后面用動名詞形式。6. 答案是 A 。由 used to 的一般疑問句形式（Did 主語 use to ）可知答案A 正確。7. 答案是 D。句意為 “過去他常騎車，現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣于步行 ”， used to do sth 表示

38、“過去常常做某事 ”，be used to doing 表示 “習(xí)慣于做某事 ”。8. 答案是 A 。句意為 “過去他常聽流行音樂，但是現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣觀看京劇”?；A(chǔ)達標I 詞海拾貝：在熟讀課文的基礎(chǔ)上，完成下列短文。My biggest problem is that Im too busy. When I was young, I _ have so much time,but these days I get up early and stay in school_. Before I started high school, I used tospend a lot of time _ wi

39、th my friends, but I just don t have the time _. In the evening, Iused to watch TV or _with my grandmother, but now I have to study. I really _the olddays.II. 仔細閱讀對話，選擇方框內(nèi)的句子填空格，使對話意思連貫正確。A You are getting older.B What s your way?C I get more exercise than you.D You are right.E How is the family?F H

40、ow do you manage it?G I eat less food than you.9/15A: Hello, Mary! How is everything in Harbin?B: Never better, Tyler. How are you? 1._.A: Everything is fine, but I am feeling a little tired.B: 2._ Tyler. And you are heavier than you were before.A: Everyone gets older, but you look younger than ever

41、. 3._B: There is no secret, 4._ You should, too.A: 5._ When the weather is warmer, I will do it. . 根據(jù)句意，用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空。1. Are you used to _ (write) with your left hand?2. Don t make any noise here, your father just fell _ (sleep) just now.3. Don t worry about him. He is old enough to do the work _

42、(he).4. I am sorry to hear the _ (die) of your grandfather.5. Many boys and girls are used to _(chew) some gum when they are walking in the street.6. They have made a _ (decide) to help the homeless children.7. My grandfather often feels _ (alone) when he lives in the mountain by himself.8. You shou

43、ldn t judge the person by _ (appear).能力提升 . 單項選擇1. My little brother used to _ ice cream when he was a child.A. likedB. likingC. likesD. like2._ your father _ to be a math teacher?A. Did 。 useB. Does 。 usedC. Did 。 usedD. Does。 use3.My grandfather got used to _ at weekends.A. fishB. fishesC. fishedD

44、. fishing4.The little boy often _ a lot of money playing computer games.A. costsB. takesC. spendsD. uses5.This Sunday I will stay at home _ going shopping.A. insteadB. instead ofC. instead forD. instead with6.How many English words _ you _ in the last few years.A. do 。 learnB. did 。 learnC. have。 le

45、arnD. have。 learned7.Your brother _ play computer games, but now he often does it.A. didn t use toB. didnt usedC. doesn t use toD. don t used8 If you like the new house , you had better buy it.But it is very expensive. I cant_ it.A. affordB. getC. spendD. cost10/159. The story is too hard to underst

46、and _ there are no new words in it.A. andB. butC. orD. though10. This kind of cars can _ water, cant it?A. get used to carryingB. be used to carryingC. have used to carryD. be used to carry.11. My brother is never late for class, _?A. isnt heB. hasn t heC. is heD. has he12. Though my sister has stud

47、ied _ at English for two years, she can also _ speak the language.A. hard 。 hardB. hardly 。 hardlyC. hard。 hardlyD. hardly 。 hard13. My mother likes going to sleep _ the lights _.A. with 。 onB. and。 onC. with 。 atD. and。 off14. Do you often help your son to learn English?No, he learns English by _.A

48、. himselfB. yourselfC. himD. his15. The old man lives _ but he never feels _.A. alone。 aloneB. lonely 。 lonelyC. lonely 。 aloneD. alone。lonely. 完形填空Rudi Matt lived in a small village in the Swiss Alps in 1865. What he wanted most in theworldwas to climb the1peak(山峰 )in the Alps. Rudi's mother an

49、d his uncle, Franz, amountain guide, wanted him to stop2and start working in a hotel. Rudi would not3hisdream and secretly got in touch with an English mountain climber4was planning to climb thehighest peak.Franz was very5when he found out what Rudi had done, but he finallyagreed to letRudi go if he

50、 went climbing,6. Franz also didn't want to see Emil Saxon, a guide fromanother village, got to the top7him.Rudi turned out to be a very good climber,8as they got close to the top, the Englishmangot sick and could go no farther. Franz9behind to take care of him, but Saxon continued,wishing to be the10to the top. Rudi went after Saxon, hoping to11him to the top. Whenthey met, Saxon fought with