2019牛津譯林版9A-Unit1-英語語法講解與練習(xí)精品教育

1、牛津譯林版9A Unit1 英語語法講解及練習(xí)并列連詞and，or，but，so用法 英語中，連詞是連接單詞、短語或者句子的一種虛詞，在句中不單獨(dú)做任何成分。按照性質(zhì)，連詞可以分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。由并列連詞連接的兩個(gè)（或兩個(gè)以上）簡(jiǎn)單句叫做并列句，由從屬連詞連接的句子叫做主從復(fù)合句。并列連詞可以用來表示并列關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、選擇關(guān)系或因果關(guān)系等。 1.and的用法 并列連詞and意為“和，又”，表示并列關(guān)系，常用來連接表示對(duì)等成分的單詞、短語或者句子，表示意思的順延或增補(bǔ)。例如： （1）Our Maths teacher is kind and helpful.我們數(shù)學(xué)老師和藹可親而且樂于幫

2、助我們。(連接連個(gè)形容詞） （2）I went to the supermarket and bought some vegetables this morning.今天早上我去超市買了一些蔬菜。（連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語，表示意思的順延，動(dòng)作的先后發(fā)生） （3）Her uncle gave her a new bike as her birthday present and she liked it very much.她叔叔給了他一輛新自行車作為生日禮物，她非常喜歡。（連接連個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，表示意思的順延，并列句） and用作并列連詞有多重含義，除了表示并列關(guān)系外，還可以表示目的（and之后）和條件（a

3、nd之前）等關(guān)系。例如： （4）Come and see my family.來見見我家人。（see表示目的）（5）Be careful, and you will make fewer mistakes.如果仔細(xì)，你犯的錯(cuò)誤就少）（Be careful表示條件） 2.but的用法 并列連詞but意為“但是”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所連接的成分意思相反或相對(duì)。例如： （1）Our school is small but beautiful.我們學(xué)校雖然小但很漂亮。（連接兩個(gè)形容詞，意思相對(duì)） （2）The car is very old but it runs very fast.雖然小汽車舊了，但跑

4、得很快。 3.or的用法 并列連詞or意為“或者”，表示選擇關(guān)系。例如： （1）Which do you like better ,juice or Coke?果汁和可樂，你更喜歡哪個(gè)？（連接兩個(gè)名詞） （2）Do you often go to school on foot or by bike?你經(jīng)常步行去上學(xué)還是騎自行車去上學(xué)？（連接連個(gè)介詞短語） （3）You can stay here, or you can leave.你可以待在這里，也可以離開。（連接兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句） 另外，在否定句中否定并列成分時(shí)，用or，而不用and。例如： （4）I can't speak Englis

5、h or French.我不會(huì)將英語和法語。（不能使用and）英語中，“祈使句+or+簡(jiǎn)單句”結(jié)構(gòu)，也是一種常用句型。句型中，or意為“否則”，祈使句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件，可以和以“if”引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。例如： （5）Put on your coat，or you will catch a cold.穿上你的上衣，否則你會(huì)感冒的。 =If you dont put on your coat, you will catch a cold.（轉(zhuǎn)換成以“if ”引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句時(shí)，要去掉并列連詞or） 4.so的用法 并列連詞so表示“因此、所以”之意，常用來連接兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，這兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句有意

6、思上的因果關(guān)系。例如： （1）The rain began to fall, so we went home.天開始下雨了，所以我們就回家了。 （2）Everyone in the town knew him ,so we had no trouble finding his house.鎮(zhèn)上誰都認(rèn)識(shí)他，因此他們毫不費(fèi)力就找到了他的家。 so和從屬連詞because（因?yàn)椋┎荒芤黄疬B用。也就是說，使用了并列連詞）。就不用because(從屬連詞）；使用了because，就不用so。例如：他病了，沒去上學(xué)。 （3）He was ill, so he didn't go to school

7、 (本句是一個(gè)由并列連詞so連接的并列句） （4）He didn't go to school because he was ill.（本句是一個(gè)由從屬連詞because引導(dǎo)的主從復(fù)合句）1.not onlybut also的用法用于連接兩個(gè)表示并列關(guān)系的成分，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)后者，其意為“不僅而且”；其中的also有時(shí)可以省略。如： She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不僅很會(huì)演奏，而且還會(huì)作曲。 He not only writes his own plays, he also acts in them. 他不僅是自編劇本, 還

8、飾演其中的角色。 Not only men but also women were chosen. 不僅僅是男的，女的也有被選中的。 He works not only on weekdays but on Sundays as well. 他不僅平時(shí)工作，星期日也工作。 Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 不僅學(xué)生們?cè)谛蕾p這部影片，他們的老師也在欣賞這部影片。 說明：若連接兩個(gè)成分作主語，其謂語通常及靠近的主語保持一致。如：Not only you but also he has to leav

9、e. 不只是你，他也得離開。若連接兩個(gè)句子，not only后面的句子要用倒裝，如： Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 他不僅說得更正確，而且講得更不費(fèi)勁了。2、neithernor的用法 用于連接兩個(gè)表示并列關(guān)系的名詞，用于否定兩者，其意為“既不也不”、“和都不”。如： Its neither too cold nor too hot. 天氣既不太冷也不太熱。 Neither boys nor girls are interested in it. 男孩子和女孩子對(duì)此都不感興趣。 說明：通常應(yīng)連接兩

10、個(gè)相同性質(zhì)的句子成分，但有時(shí)后一成分可能省略及前一成分相同的詞。若連接兩個(gè)成分作主語，其謂語通常及靠近的主語保持一致。如： Mary neither likes maths nor (likes) history. 瑪麗既不喜歡數(shù)學(xué)也不喜歡歷史。 Neither Jim nor Jack was at home. 吉姆和杰克都不在家。 但在非正式文體中也可一律用復(fù)數(shù)。如 Neither does he smoke nor does he drink. 他既不抽煙也不喝酒。 Neither Jim nor Jack were at home. 吉姆和杰克都不在家。3、eitheror 的用法 用

11、于連接兩個(gè)表示選擇關(guān)系的名詞或代詞，意為“要么要么”。如： He must be either mad or drunk. 他不是瘋了就是醉了。 You can go swimming or play tennis. 你可以去游泳也可以去打網(wǎng)球。 Either you or I am wrong. 不是你錯(cuò)了就是我錯(cuò)了。 Are either you or I wrong? 是你錯(cuò)了還是我錯(cuò)了? 說明：通常應(yīng)連接兩個(gè)相同性質(zhì)的句子成分，但有時(shí)后一成分可能省略及前一成分相同的詞。若連接兩個(gè)成分作主語，其謂語通常及靠近的主語保持一致。如： You can either have tea or co

12、ffee. 你喝茶也行，喝咖啡也行。 Either you or I am wrong. 不是你錯(cuò)，就是我錯(cuò)。4、bothand的用法用于連接兩個(gè)表示并列關(guān)系的名詞或代詞。如： Both New York and London have traffic problems. 紐約和倫敦都存在交通問題。 The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish. 這位秘書不但能講而且能寫西班牙語。 Youve given both your uncle and myself a lot of trouble. 你給了你姑父和我很多麻煩。 Sophia was bot

13、h對(duì)ad and sorry to see her. 索菲婭看到她既高興又難過。 The food was both bad and insufficient. 食物既壞又不夠吃。 She was ashamed, both for herself and for Diana. 她感到羞愧，既為自己也為戴安娜。 I did all this both for you and for myself. 我做這一切是為了你，也為我自己。 He both speaks and writes Spanish. 他既會(huì)說也會(huì)寫西班牙語。 Tonight they will both sing and da

14、nce. 今晚他們將又唱歌又跳舞。 說明：作為關(guān)聯(lián)并列連詞，它通常應(yīng)連接兩個(gè)相同性質(zhì)的句子成分，但有時(shí)后一成分可能省略及前一成分相同的詞。另外，若連接兩個(gè)成分作主語，謂語總是用復(fù)數(shù)。如： Both she and I are good at English. 她和我都擅長(zhǎng)英語。 Both teaching and research work are making great strides. 教學(xué)及科研都在大踏步前進(jìn)。 Both she and Sophia were pleased with the girl. 她和索菲婭都喜歡這個(gè)姑娘。 若連接兩個(gè)句子，要用倒裝。如： Neither do

15、es he smoke nor does he drink. 他既不抽煙也不喝酒【隨堂練習(xí)】 ( )1.-Shall we stop for lunch_ shall we drive on? -Lets stop for lunch, but the driver cant drink_ drive. A. and; and B. or; and C. or; or D. and; or ( )2.-I didnt pass the Maths exam last time. Im so worried about it. -_harder _you will make much progr

16、ess. A. Work; or B. To work; or C. Work; and D. Working; and ( )3.-Tell us something about Singapore, OK?-I'm sorry. _Jack_ I have ever been there. A. Either; or B Not only; but also C. Both; and D. Neither; nor( )4.Basketball has a history of nearly 300 years. Today it is still loved by_ the _y

17、oung _the old.A. both; and B. either; or C. not; but,D. neither; nor( )5.Please arrive here soon,_ the coach may leave before you can get on it. A. and B. or C. but D. since( )6.-Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese in Beijing? -I dont think so, as_ the young_ the old are learn

18、ing to speak English. A. only; except B. not only; but also C. either; or D. neither; nor ( )7.-Dont be angry with your kid when he makes a mistake again, will you? -No, I wont. I know that_ of us are perfect after all. A. none B. neither C. each D. all ( )8.-How does your mother like your presents

19、for Mothers Day? -Well,_ this sweater_ that one is fit for her. Theyre too big. A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D. not only; but also( )9.Cross the road carefully, _ you'll keep yourself safe. A. so B. or C. but D. and( )10. Smile to the world,the world will smile back to you.A. orB.

20、and C. so D. but ( )11.-Which do you prefer, tea _ coffee? -Tea, please.A. but B. so C. or D. and( )12.-Would you like to come to my party on Saturday, Sam?-Id love to, _ I cant. I have to take a piano lesson.A. and B. but C. or D. so( )13.Lets go to Kunming for vacation. Its_ too hot _ too cold the

21、re.A. either; or B. neither; nor C. both; and D. not only; but also( )14.Peter likes pop music, but_ his father_ his mother likes it.A. both; and B. not only; but also C. neither; nor D. either; or( )15.-I dont like singing _ dancing. What about you?-I dont like dancing, _ I like singing.A. and; and B. and; but C. or; but D. or, and ( )16. _ my father _my mother take good care of me. I love them so much.A