2020中考英語新話題-新冠狀病毒學案-教師版

1、2020中考英語新話題-新冠狀病毒學案What you should know about Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV新型冠狀病毒In December 2019, there was a cluster of pneumonia cases in China. Investigations found that it was caused by apreviously unknown virus -now named the 2019 Novel Coronavirus. In this video, we ltlake a quick look at what

2、 s currently known about the virus. Keep in mind that this is a new virus anwd hats known about the virus now might changein the future.Coronaviruses are a largegroup of viruses. They consist of a core of genetic material surrounded by anenvelopewith protein spikes. This gives it theappearanceof a c

3、rown. Crown in Latin is called “ corona ” and that s how these viruses get their name.There are different types of coronaviruses that cause respiratory and sometimes gastrointestinal symptoms. Respiratory diseasecan range from the common cold to pneumonia. And in most people, the symptoms tend to be

4、 mild. However, there are some types of coronaviruses that can causesevere diseas.eThese include the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus first identified in China in 2003 and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus that was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012.The 2019 Novel C

5、oronavirus was first identified in China. It initially occurred in a group of people with pneumonia who d beenassociatedwith a seafood and live animal market in the city of Wuhan. The disease has sincsepreadfrom those who were sick to others, including family members and health care staff. There are

6、 many casespraetsent and the disease has spread within China and also to a number of other countries.So, where did the virus come from?It s known that coronaviruses circulate in a range of anlsim.Saometimes these viruses can make the jump from animals to humans. This is called a spillover and could

7、be due to a range of factors such as mutations in the virus or increased contact between humans and animals. For example, MERS-CoV is known to be transmitted from camels and SARS-CoV, from civet cats. The animal reservoir of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus is not known yet.How is it transmitted?The exact

8、 dynamics of how the virus is transmitted is yet to be determined. In general, respiratory viruses are usually transmitted through droplets created when an infectedperson coughs or sneezes, or through something that has been contaminated with the virus.People most at risk of infection from the Novel

9、 Coronavirus are those in close contact with animals, such as live animal market workers, and those who are caring for people infected with the virus, such as family members or healthcare workers.So, how does the disease present?Well, from what is known so far, there can be a number of symptoms rang

10、ing from mild to severe. There can be fever and respiratory symptoms such as cough and shortness of breath. In more severe cases, ther e> been pneumonia, kidney failure, and death. The mortality rate is not known yet.How can we tell whether someone is infected?The infection can be diagnosed by a

11、test called PCR or Polymerase Chain Reaction.This test identifies the virus based on its genetic fingerprint. There is currently no specific medication for the virus and treatment is suppotive care. There ' s cimoently vaccine to protect against the virus. Treatment and vaccines are in developme

12、nt.SYMPTOMSLfPVP IMH> Bit liBBt Mn flriffri；岐.infographics:信息圖transmission :傳播 prevention:預防risk factor:風險因素symptoms:癥狀pneumonia:肺炎phlegm:痰C.回答問題How do we prevent transmission of the virus? 標題學生版沒有, 需弓I導總結主旨This new virus currently has a limited geographic spread. However, there are a number of s

13、tandard hygiene practices that have been recommended to protect against infection and further spread. These include covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing with a medical mask, tissue or flexed elbow; avoiding close contact with those who are unwell; the appropriate use of masks and p

14、ersonal protective equipment, especially in a healthcare setting; washing hands regularly with soap and water, or alcohol-based hand rub. Actions that can be taken to prevent infection from an animal source include: avoiding unnecessary unprotected contact with animals; washing hands after contact w

15、ith animals or animal products; and ensuring that animal products are cooked thoroughly before they ' re consumed.It ' important to stay home ifyou' rfeeling unwell. But if you have a fever, cough, and difficulty breathing, seek medical care early and share your previous travel history w

16、ith your healthcare provider.Thats a quick look at this emerging infectious disease. Given that this outbreak is evolving rapidly, what ' s known about this virus canplhangeheck the websites below for the most up-to-date information.1. What are the standard hygiene practices that can protect aga

17、inst infection and further spread of Novel Coronavirus?Covering the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing with a medical mask, tissue or flexed elbow; avoiding close contact with those who are unwell; the appropriate use of masks and personal protective equipment, especially in a healthcare setti

18、ng; washing hands regularly with soap and water, or alcohol- based hand rub.2. What should you do if you ' re feeling unwell?I should stay at home.3. What should you do if you have a fever, cough, and difficulty breathing?I should seek medical care early and share my previous travel history with

19、 my healthcare provider.4. What is the purpose of the passage?To introduce how we prevent transmission of the virus.5. What is the style/type of the passage?New media.（新媒體文章）（因為是出現(xiàn)在網絡上、配視頻的文章）重點詞匯novel coronavirus 新型冠狀病毒genetic material 遺傳物質protein spikes蛋白質長車丁respiratory呼吸道的gastrointestinal 胃腸的severe acute respiratory syndrom那重急性呼吸道綜合癥：spillover溢出、外泄kidney failure腎衰竭polymerase chain reaction 聚合酶鏈反應droplets滴液；飛沫h(huán)ygiene 衛(wèi)生病毒測試呈陽性：test positive for the virus病毒