學(xué)位英語模擬題復(fù)習(xí)資料

1、一、詞匯和語法（L201. It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without .A.exceptionB exclusionC. modificationD.substitution答案A譯文很明顯，這條規(guī)定適用于任何人，沒有例外。解析Without exception為固定搭配，表示“毫無例外,無一例外”。 Exclusion表示“排除，排外"；modification的意思是“更改,修 正“；substitution 表示"替代”。2. Last night he saw two dar

2、k enter the building, and then there was the explosion.A.featuresB.figuresC.sketchesD. images答案B譯文昨天晚上他看見兩個黑影進了大樓，然后就發(fā)生了爆炸。解析Feature表示“特征，特點"；sketch的意思是“素描,梗概， 草圖"；image表示“形象”；而figure表示“外形，輪廓，體型”，符合 上下文。3. Faced with rapid inflation and international and home markets, many firms have decla

3、red bankrupt.A. lesseningB. shorteningC. shrinkingD. withdrawing答案Co考查近義動詞的語義辨析。各選項的意思及用法分別是：選 項Alessening減少，減輕，側(cè)重指程度、重要性等的減輕。如：The defeat lessened our chances of winning the championship.此次失貝攵彳吏我們奪 冠的希望變得更加渺茫。lessen the burden of減輕負擔；選項Bshortening 縮短,變短,如 The days are beginning to shorten.天開始變短了。sh

4、orten the gap between縮小之間的差距;選項Cshrinking使收縮,縮小,減 少，側(cè)重指尺寸、大小等的變小。如：The number of students attending the lecture has shrunk.聽講座的學(xué)生人數(shù)減少了。Will this soap shrink woolen clothes?這種肥皂會使羊毛衣服縮水嗎？選項D withdrawing收回， 撤退，撤銷，如：After awhile, he withdrew his proposal.過了一會兒， 他撤回了他的提議。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項C應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思是“面對通貨膨脹和口

5、益縮小的國際國內(nèi)市場，許多公司都已宜加破產(chǎn)”。4. We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods at all times.A. availableB. desirableC. enormousD. numerous答案Ao考查形容詞語義環(huán)境。四個選項的意思分別是：選項 Aavailable現(xiàn)成可使用的,在手邊的,可利用的；選項Bdesirable稱心如 意的，值得有的，如 I envy Jane because her job is so desir

6、able.我 很羨慕簡，因為她有一份很稱心的工作。選項Cenormous巨大的，極大的， 龐大的;選項Dnumerous許多的,很多的,如：This is a conclusion he has drawn from numerous facts.這是他從很多事實當中得出的結(jié)論。根據(jù)題干可判斷出選項A應(yīng)為正確答案。全句的意思為“我們應(yīng)清除廚房里的垃圾食 品，而使各種高質(zhì)量的食物隨手可及”。5. The purpose of your resume is to enough interest in you to have an employer contact you for an interv

7、iew.A. assembleB generateC. yieldD. gather答案Bo考查動詞的語義辨析。各選項的意思分別是：選項Aassemble 意為“集合，聚集，召集；裝配”，如：The whole school assembled in the main hall.全校學(xué)生在大禮堂集合。Before you assemble the model plane, read the instructions.在你組裝模型飛機前，先讀說明書。選項Bgenerate 意為“生成，產(chǎn)生（光、熱、電等；引起（興趣等"，如：News of the Queen's visit i

8、s generating a lot of excitement.女皇來訪的消息使大家感到非 常興奮。選項Cyield意為“生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)生（利潤、回報等;投降，屈服”，如: His business yields big profits.他的生意利潤豐厚。選項Dgather意為 “聚集，集合；收集，聚集”，如：Many people gathered in the town square.很多人聚集在市政廣場。該題需注意選項B和選項C在搭配上的區(qū)別。根據(jù)題意，選項B應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思為是“簡歷就是要充分引起雇主對你 的興趣，并達到進一步聯(lián)系面試的目的”。6. Some concepts may

9、 be difficult to grasp chiefly because they may be unfamiliar or ideas, opinions which we already hold.A. in accordance withB in conflict withC. in favor ofD. in response to答案Bo考查介詞短語的語義。四個選項的意思分別是：選項Ain accordance with依照，根據(jù)；選項Bin conflict with及相沖突；選項Cin favor of支持，贊同；選項Din response to作為對的反應(yīng)。根據(jù)題意可判斷

10、出選項B為正確答案。全句的意思為“一些觀念很難讓人領(lǐng)會主 要是因為我們對其不熟悉或者是因為及我們原有的觀點相矛盾”。7. The city government has determined to get with people whotry to escape paying taxes.A. roughB toughC. rigidD. bold答案Bo考查形容詞語義及搭配。能及介詞with搭配的只有選項 Btough, get tough with/on sb.意為"對采取堅決態(tài)度;對采用強硬手段”。其余選項的意思分別是：選項Arough意為“粗糙的;粗野的，粗 暴的;粗略的，大

11、致的”；選項Crigid（行為觀點等嚴格的，死板的，不易改 變的;選項Dbold意為“勇敢的，無畏的；冒失的，魯莽的”。全句的意思是“政府部門決心采取強硬手段來懲治偷稅人員”。8. Human beings are superior to animals they can use languageas a tool to communicate.A. for whichB. in whichC. in thatD. for that答案：c詳解：答案為C。in that表示“因為，既然”9. Do you know the name of that insect?A. funny, littl

12、e, red, mosquito-likeB. little, funny, mosquito-like, redC. red, little, funny, mosquito-likeD. mosquito-like, red, little, funny答案：A詳解：答案為A。本題考核修飾語的排列順序：限定詞一數(shù)詞一一般描 繪性形容詞一表示大小、形狀的形容詞一表示年齡、新舊的形容詞一表示色 彩的形容詞一表示國籍、地區(qū)、出處的形容詞一表示物質(zhì)、材料的形容詞一 表示用途、類別的形容詞一被修飾名詞。了解個大概順序，如果記不得，只 有讀幾遍憑語感來選擇。10. The time has come

13、we make extensive use of nuclear energy.A. WhenB. whileC. asD. since答案：A詳解：答案為A。when引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾time,有時為了使句子平衡, 也就是使主語不必過長，而把定語從句或同位語從句后置于謂語之后。如： The news came that our team won the match.11 .Professor Black and professor Smith will in giving the class lectures.A. alterB. changeC. alternateD. differ答案：

14、C詳解:答案為C。alternate指“交替”；alter指“改變”。12 . We drive our car fast and soon other cars on the road.A. overseeB overtakeC. overrunD. override答案：B【譯文】我們開得很快，一會兒就超越了公路上的其他汽車。【注釋】。vertake "追上,趕上，超過“。oversee "俯瞰；監(jiān)督，監(jiān)視”。 overrun ”溢出；（侵略軍橫行于“。override ”奔越過，踐踏過;制服,壓 倒”。13.Are there any other factors th

15、at might affect the development of a child education and innate inability?A. apart fromB away fromC. far from D. but for答案：A詳解：應(yīng)選A項。apart from 除之夕卜，away from 遠離，far from 遠非，but for要不是。句意為：除了教育和先天的不足，還有什么其他因素會影響一個孩子的 發(fā)展？14. I would never have encouraged you to go into this field it would be so hard f

16、or you.A. had I knownB and I had knownC. should I knowD. but I knew答案：A詳解：應(yīng)選A項。此句為虛擬語氣，如果條件從句中包含有一個助動詞，可把if省略， 這時助動詞應(yīng)放在主語前面。句意為：要是我知道這件事情對你如此之難，我就不會鼓勵你進入這個 領(lǐng)域。15. Reading is to the mind food is to the body.A. whatB. thatC. similarD. which答案：A詳解：應(yīng)選A項。what是關(guān)系代詞，A is to B what C is to D, A對于B之間的關(guān)系猶 如C對

17、于D。句意為：讀書對于大腦來說就像食物對于身體一樣。16. Jane's for gardening is evident by all of these beautifulflowers.A. acquaintanceB familiarityC. achievementD. enthusiasm答案：D詳解：應(yīng)選D項。enthusiasm 熱衷，狂熱，acquaintance 相 識，familiarity 熟悉， achievement 成就，功績。句意為：從這些漂亮的花可以明顯看出簡對園藝的熱衷。17. In the 1850's Harriet Beecher Sto

18、we's "Uncle Tom' s Cabin”became the best seller of the generation, a host of imitators.A. inspiringB inspiredC. inspired byD. to inspire答案：A詳解：應(yīng)選A項。分詞短語做狀語。句意為：19世紀50年代，斯托的 湯姆叔叔的小屋成為30年來的暢銷書，因而激起了一大群偽造者。18. They have made a plan to build a suspension bridge over the river.A. baldB bound

19、C. boldD. bare答案：c詳解：應(yīng)選c項。bold大膽的，bald光禿的，bound被束縛了的，bare赤裸的；無遮蓋的。句意為：他們已做出了一個大膽的計劃要在這條河上建一所吊橋。19. Her humorous remarks seemed, but were in fact carefully prepared beforehand.A. preciseB. blankC. spontaneousD. bold答案：C詳解：應(yīng)選C項。spontaneous自發(fā)的；自然產(chǎn)生的，precise精確的； 準確的，blank空白的；空著的，bold大膽的。句意為：她的幽默的評論看起來好像

20、很自然，但是實際上是事先認真準 備好的。20. Are there any other factors that might affect the development of a child education and innate inability?A. apart fromB. away fromC. far fromD. but for答案：A詳解：應(yīng)選A項。apart from除之外，away from遠離，far from遠非，but for要不是。句意為：除了教育和先天的不足，還有什么其他因素會影響一個孩子的 發(fā)展？二、閱讀理解(21-40)Where do pesticide

21、s (殺蟲劑 fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now pollute soil, water, and food, that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Man, however much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he es

22、cape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world?We know that even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can cause extremely severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, farm workers, and others

23、exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides is very sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world.Responsible public health officials have pointed out that t

24、he biological effects of chemicals are cumulative over long periods of time, and that the danger to the individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime. For these very reasons the danger is easily ignored. It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threa

25、t of future disaster. "Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs, says a wise physician, Dr. Rene Dubos, “yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them unnoticed. 21. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence ，zMan, . is part of nature. z，(L

26、ine 3, Para. 1) ?A. Man appears indifferent to what happens in nature.B. Man acts as if he does not belong to nature.C. Man can avoid the effects of environmental pollution.D. Man can escape his responsibilities for environmental protection.答案：B詳解：B） o詞匯題。答題關(guān)鍵在于正確理解like to pretend the contrary幾個詞的含義

27、，這幾個詞字面原意為：喜歡假裝相反。把它及原 句結(jié)合起來看，這一句的意思是：人類，盡管常常表現(xiàn)得恰好相反，卻是自 然的一部分。據(jù)此句意來套四個選擇項，就可看出B）（人類表現(xiàn)得好像他不 屬于自然是正確答案。22. What is the author's attitude towards the environmental effects of pesticides?A. Pessimistic.B. Indifferent.C. Defensive.D. Concerned.答案：D詳解：D）o觀點題。本文就作者對殺蟲劑的環(huán)境后果的態(tài)度提問?？v觀 全文可知，作者在文中一一描述了殺蟲劑明

28、顯和潛在的兩方面危險，提醒人 們重視其緩慢的長期效應(yīng)，可見作者對這一問題是“關(guān)切的" D）項），而非 是“漠不關(guān)心的" B）項）。同時，作者在文中并未悲天憫人，認為殺蟲劑的 危害已不可救藥，所以A）項“悲觀的”也不符合題意。而C）項“防御性 的”，在文中并無根據(jù)，因為在文中作者并未提出該怎樣解決殺蟲劑的環(huán)境 后果問題，因此只有D）是最符合題意的正確答案。23. In the author's view, the sudden death caused by exposure to large amounts of pesticides .A. is not the

29、worst of the negative consequences resulting from the use of pesticidesB. now occurs most frequently among all accidental deathsC. has sharply increased so as to become the center of public attentionD. is unavoidable because people can t do without pesticides in farming答案：A詳解：A）o推斷題。本題的答案主要見于第二段。從Bu

30、t this is not the major problem”.（但這并不是主要問題及.，we must be more concerned with the delayed effects.,（我們必須更關(guān)切由于小劑量地 吸收無形中污染了我們世界的殺蟲劑而造成的延遲的后果”我們可從中推 斷出作者認為“由于大劑量吸入殺蟲劑而突然致死”還不是最糟糕的情況， 故A）是正確的。而B）、C）、D）項的內(nèi)容在文中均未提及，所以無法判斷是 否是作者的觀點，因而不能入選正確答案。24. People tend to ignore the delayed effects of exposure to che

31、micals because .A. limited exposure to them does little harm to people's healthB. the present is more important for them than the futureC. the danger does not become apparent immediatelyD. humans are capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning答案：C詳解：C）。推斷題。本題可用篩選法，一一排除錯誤答案。人們?nèi)菀缀?視吸入有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)

32、所帶來的延遲后果，到底是因為什么呢?先看A）：有限 的吸收不會給人類健康帶來危害。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)的生 物效果是累積的，而且累積越多，危險越大，因此，即使是有限的吸收，也 會有潛伏的危險，可見A）項內(nèi)容錯誤。同樣D）項“人類能經(jīng)受住小劑量有 毒物質(zhì)危害”顯然也不對。再看B）：現(xiàn)在比將來重要。根據(jù)最后一段第三 句，人類的本性是會忽略將來的危險的，但這并不等于說現(xiàn)在就更重要，所 以B）項也沒有正確解釋本題中的原因。只有C）項“危險并沒有立刻顯示出 來”，符合原文意旨，特別是最后一句的句意，所以C）是正確答案。25. It can be concluded from Dr. Dubo

33、s，remarks that .A. people find invisible diseases difficult to deal withB. attacks by hidden enemies tend to be fatalC. diseases with obvious signs are easy to cureD. people tend to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides答案：D詳解：Do推斷題。本題關(guān)鍵在于正確理解Dr.Dubos的評論。原句意為: 人類很自然地最容易對那些具有征兆的疾病印象深刻，然而有些最致命的疾

34、 病卻是慢慢地毫無察覺地擊中他們的。據(jù)此句意，可以容易地推斷出D）為 正確答案。When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty（保單，or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most ca

35、ses, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up the consumer takes his or her complaint, t

36、he faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favour, assuming he or she has a just claim.Consumers shoud complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the compl

37、aint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather

38、than by making general statements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear is better than This stereo （立體聲音響 does not work. The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, sta

39、ting the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer

40、s 'rights.26. When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to .A. complain personally to the managerB. threaten to take the matter to courtC. write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchaseD. show some written proof of the purchase to the s

41、tore答案：D解析：答案D.本題答案在原文第一句中可以找到。它的大意是：當顧客 發(fā)現(xiàn)他（她所買的商品有毛病或在其他方面未達到制造商所聲稱的標準時， 第一步就是將保單或其他有助于解決問題的記錄這家商店看。所以D ”向這 家商店出示書面證明”，及原文相符，是正確答案。而A "當面向經(jīng)理申訴”， 是在第一步中問題得不到解決時才使用，所以它不是此題答案。B “威脅將 此事向法庭上訴”是在經(jīng)理未能解決問題，寫信給廠家也未能解決問題時才 使用的方法，所以它也不是解決問題的第一步。C ”給商店寫一封態(tài)度強硬 的抱怨信”也是在第一步中問題得不到解決時才使用的。所以A、B、C均不 是正確答案。27.

42、If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem, it's better to complain to .A. a shop assistantB. the store managerC. the manufacturerD. a public organization答案：B解析：答案B.此題源于第二段。作者認為許多消費者使用的簡單而又常 用的辦法是直接向商店經(jīng)理投訴。28. The most effective complaint can be made by .A. showing the faulty item to

43、the manufacturerB explaining exactly what is wrong with the itemC. saying firmly that the item is of poor qualityD. asking politely to change the item答案：B解析：答案B.原文第四段的大意是：當顧客申訴商品有質(zhì)量問題時，態(tài) 度要堅定、有禮貌，特別是如果消費者當場演示就能最有效地達到申訴目的。 不能當場演示時也要提出比較具體的質(zhì)量間題。A、C、D三項都是泛泛地說 質(zhì)量差、有毛病，而沒能說出該商品哪一個具體的部位有毛病，所以都不是 最有效的解決問題的

44、辦法。而B項”準確解釋商品哪里有問題”及原文相 符，是正確答案。29. The phrase "live up to (Para. 1, Line 2. in the context meansA. meet the standard ofB. realize the purpose ofC. fulfil the demands ofD. keep the promise of答案：A解析：答案A. live up t。所在句子的意思是：“當顧客發(fā)現(xiàn)他所購買 的商品有毛病或在某種程度上沒有達到制造商所聲稱的標準時，”。B項 “實現(xiàn)（制造商所聲稱的目的”，句意不通;C項“滿足（制造商

45、所聲稱的要 求”；D項“履行（制造商所聲稱的承諾”，C、D兩項均及原文意思不符。而 A項”達到（制造商所聲稱的標準”正是原文所表達的意思，所以是正確答 案。30. Tthe passage tells us .A. how to settle a consumer's complaint about a faulty itemB. how to make an effective complaint about a faulty itemC. how to avoid buying a faulty itemD. how to deal with complaints from cus

46、tomers答案：B解析：答案B.從全文看，作者向讀者推薦了幾種申訴偽劣商品的辦法， 可見作者是站在顧客的立場上的。而A、D兩項是站在賣方的立場;C項在文 章中未提到，所以它們都不是正確答案。B項“如何有效地申訴有質(zhì)量問題 的商品”及原文意思相符是此題答案。What is exactly a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you,

47、 you say： I wish I could help you but r m short of money myself. In fact, you are not short of money, but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don't want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie?A scientific study of lying shows women are better

48、liars than men, particularly when telling a "white lie" such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks terrible. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researches show that men are more likely to tell more serious li

49、es, such as making a promise which they have no intention of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at ： the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.Research has also been done into the way people，s behavior changes

50、 in a number of small, apparently unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the same time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying I wish I were somewhere else now.31. This passage tells us that .A. tel

51、ling lies is often necessary in order to avoid being defeatedB. telling lies is often bad because people ought not to be dishonestC. telling lies is sometimes necessary in order not to hurt someone else's feelingsD. telling lies is not bad at all in most cases答案c【解析】第一段作者舉的例子，可以得出C “有時為了不傷害其他人的

52、感情說謊是必須的”正確。其它選項的信息在文中沒有明確出現(xiàn)。32. In Paragraph 2, the sentence "Women are better liars than men do. probably means .A. women are better at telling lies than menB women liars are better accepted than menC. women have a better intention when telling liesD. women tell fewer lies than men do答案C【解析】從

53、第二段作者舉例可知女人更愛說white lie，即善意的謊 言，而男人更有可能說一些嚴重的謊話。所以C選項“女人說謊時有較好的 意圖”符合原文。A選項說的太籠統(tǒng)，女人僅在說white lie時比男人擅 長，而說serious lie則不及男人;B、D選項所給信息并未在文中出現(xiàn)。33. A white lie" means A.a lie thatis completely unbelievableB. a lie that is told with a good willC. a lie that is always believableD. a lie that often has

54、 an evil purpose答案B【解析】white lie的意思是善意的謊言，從文中第二段女人說謊所舉的例子也可以推斷出B選項“帶有善意所說的謊”為正確答案。34. Politicians and businessmen are supposed to be skilled at telling the kind of lies .A. from which they may gain some advantagesB that seems to be believableC. that women are most likely to believeD. with which they

55、 can have better relationship with others答案A【解析】第二段最后一句“政治家和商人尤其擅長說這種謊話，即可從 這些謊言中賺錢或獲利?！倍鳤選項“他們或許可以從中扇得一些好處”及 之相一致。35. It can be concluded from the passage that .A. there is a simple way of finding out if someone is lyingB. from some ways people behave we can know they are lyingC. certain emotions a

56、re proof of lyingD. in some situations women are most likely to think businessmen are dishonest答案B【解析】第三段第一句”對人們行為舉止的研究表明：當人們說謊時， 會以大量不起眼的、表面上不重要的方式改變自己的舉止”為主題句，文章 所得出的結(jié)論為B選項“從人們的一些行為舉止，我們能夠知道他們在說 謊”，及主題句相一致。How can we get rid of garbage? Do we have enough energy sources to meet our future energy ne

57、eds?These are two important questions that many people are asking today. Some people think that man might be able to solve both problems at the same time. They suggest using garbage as an energy source, and at the same time it can save the land to hold garbage.For a long time, people buried garbage

58、or dumped（傾倒 it on empty land. Now, empty land is scarce. But more and more garbage is produced each year. However, garbage can be a good fuel to use. The things in garbage do not look like coal, petroleum, or natural gas; but they are chemically similar to these fossil （化石 fuels. As we use up our fossil fuel supplies, we might be able to use garbage as an energy source.Burni