2019-2020年高中英語unit2TheEnvironment語法學(xué)案2新人教版必修（精編版）

1、真誠為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當(dāng)之處，請指正。1 / 4 2019-2020 年高中英語 unit 2 the environment 語法學(xué)案 2 新人教版必修 5 【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】-ing分詞作狀語可以表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨【自主學(xué)習(xí)】1. 作時(shí)間狀語 , 相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語從句 ( 常同連詞when, after, while, once, until等連用 ) 注：當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞短語用來表示時(shí)間時(shí)，可以和when, after 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句互換1. hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying. =when they

2、heard the bad news, they couldnt help crying. 當(dāng)聽到這個不幸的消息時(shí)，他們情不自禁地哭了起來。2having received his letter, i decided to write back. =after i had received his letter, i decided to write back. 收到他的信后，我決定給他回信。2. 作原因狀語being a student, i must work hard. =because i am a student, i must work hard being so angry, h

3、e couldnt go to sleep=because he was so angry, he couldn t go to sleep. 因?yàn)樘鷼饬?，他不能入睡。having been to the great wall many times, he didnt go last week. = 因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)去過長城許多次，上周他就沒去。3. 作條件狀語working hard, you will succeed. =if you work hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奮一點(diǎn)，你就會成功。putting more salt into the soup, you

4、will find it more delicious =if you put more salt into the soup, you will find it more delicious being given more attention, the trees could have grown better. = 4. 作伴隨狀語：they came into the classroom, singing and laughing. = ?the students came in, _(follow) their teacher. ?my cousin came to see me f

5、rom the country, _ (bring) me a full basket of fresh fruits. 真誠為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當(dāng)之處，請指正。2 / 4 5. 作結(jié)果狀語當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞短語用來表結(jié)果時(shí)，可以和as a result 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句互換。也相當(dāng)于which引導(dǎo)一個非限制性定語從句the factory keeps releasing smoke, making the air dirty. =the factory keeps releasing smoke,（非限制性定語從句）=the factory keeps releasing smoke._

6、the air is made dirty. ?she does exercise for an hour every day, causing her to keep a slim figure. ?=she does exercise for an hour every day, _her to keep a slim figure. ?=she does exercise for an hour every day，_,she keeps a slim figure. 4. 作讓步狀語 -ing短語作讓步狀語，可置于句首或句末，常與even if, though 連用。如though w

7、orking from morning till night, his father didnt get enough food.=although his father worked from morning till night, he didnt get enough food. 雖然他父親從早到晚拼命地干活，但是他還是掙不到足夠的吃的。注意：.1. 分詞作狀語時(shí)， 其邏輯主語同主句的主語一致且有邏輯主動關(guān)系，往往可轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的狀語從句。2. 現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式中，否定詞not 必須放在最前面?，F(xiàn)在分詞的否定形式 not + 現(xiàn)在分詞（完成的否定式not 放在 having 之前）not

8、knowing how to dye the silk red, he went to her for help. not having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal. 3. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語相同；如果不相同，分詞前必須加上自己的主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)被稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。?time permitting, i will stay for another week.=if time permits, i will stay for another week. ?the b

9、oy was knocked over, blood streaming down his head. ?all the tickets having been sold out, we had to wait for the next week s show. ?nobody being in, i didnt enter the hall 4. 現(xiàn)在分詞做獨(dú)立成分：?有些分詞可以獨(dú)立存在，在句中沒有邏輯上的主語，作為習(xí)慣用法。?這些短語有： generally/frankly speaking 一般來說 / 坦白來說 judging from/by 由.來判斷taking all thin

10、gs into consideration從各方面來說supposing providing/provided given 假設(shè), 假如, 設(shè)想 considering認(rèn)為 concerning/regarding 關(guān)于according to 按照 talking of 談到 speaking of 說到telling the truth 和你說實(shí)話真誠為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當(dāng)之處，請指正。3 / 4 eg: generally speaking, girls are more interested in literature than boys. judging from his a

11、ccent, he is a new er. supposing he won t pass the exam, what should he do ?according to his report, the situation is getting serious. 1. generally _( speak ), we have learnt a lot in this school. 2. _(judge ) from his appearance, he is somebody. 3. _( tell ) you the truth, your work is terrible. 【練

12、習(xí)】1.their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus _ the delay. a. to cause b. causing c. caused d. cause 2. i was in the bathroom, not _ the knock at the door. a. hear b. to hear c. hearing d. heard . 3. after seeing the movie, _. a. the book was read by him b. the book made him want to read it c. he

13、wanted to read the book d. the reading of the book interested him . 4. the next morning she found the man in bed, _ dead. a. lying b. lie c. lay d. laying 5. there was terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. a. followed b. following c. to be followed d. being followed 6. the secretary worked lat

14、e into the night, _ a long speech for the president. a. to prepare b. preparing c. prepared d. was preparing 7. “can t you read?” mary said_ to the notice.a. angrily pointing b. and point angrily c. angrily pointed d. and angrily pointing 8. _ a reply, he decided to write again. a. not receiving b.

15、receiving not c. not having received d. having not received 9. the car burns more fuel, but _all things into consideration, it is still a good car. a. taken b .having taken c. taking d. to take 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)有不同的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)1) 完成主動式having finished her homework, she went to bed. having heard this, the woman astronaut expressed her satisfaction. 分詞所表示的動作發(fā)生在句中謂語動詞所表示的動作之前，一般在句中作時(shí)間或原因狀語用，不能真誠為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當(dāng)之處，請指正。4 / 4 做定語用2) 一般被動式表示正在發(fā)生的被動動作，在句中作定語或狀語。the car being repaired is mine. the car which is being repaired is mine. being repaired,