2020年北京市高考適應性測試3月4號英語考試試卷

1、第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，45分)第一節(jié) 語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AMrs. Bailey was important in the educational journey that carried me through school and into my profession.Until I joined her class, I hadnin mbehevtydasa writer. She 1 (persuade) me to join

2、the poetry society and lit in me a fire for literature. She recog ni sed 2(I) pote ntial and showed me that I could write withve carved outcreativity and en thusiasm.Because of the con fide nee she in spired in me, I'a 3 (success) professi on as a jour nalist.BSome uni versity stude nts carried

3、out a campaig n 4 they celebrated their whole day without cell phon es. This move was to improve their relati on ships with their near and dear ones and to keep them away from the virtual (虛擬的)life. 5 (study) in dicate that a majority of young people used their phones duri ng less ons, over family m

4、eals or even at the cinema. The problem of phone addiction (成癮)has been observed since a few years ago, with experts and psychologists 6 (try) to in crease aware ness about this problem.CThe tiger shark 7 (con sider) to be one of the most dan gerous sharks in the world. Why are tiger sharks so dange

5、rous? First, they like to live 8 waters where humans usually swim, so the chances of an encounter (遭遇)are much greater. Sec ond, tiger sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can 9 (easy) hit a pers on. And third, tiger sharks have teeth perfectly 10(desig n) for cutti ng theirfood, so it is c

6、erta in that the damage will be disastrous.第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30 分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Afel was only a very small boy whe n he first saw snow in a picture book. It had lots of pictures of children11 in big white fields. He asked, Mum, what arethose white fields? H

7、is mother laughed, “That 'snow, and they are making a snowman! ” She tried to 12 what snow was. Afel didn ' rteally13because there was no real snow where he lived. But he showed great 14.One day when he was 12, Afel was watching a programme on TV at his uncle' shouse. The programme was f

8、ull of snow. And not only snowthere were people15 across the snow. They looked like fan tastic birds. They had hats coveri ng all their heads and big goggles over their eyes. And on their feet, they had 16 shoes.“ What are those? ” he asked his uncie7 . “ Skis, ” replied his uncle.“ Andthose people

9、are called skiers.” At that moment he to be a skier. He askedhis uncle what the programme was. “ The Win ter Olympics, ” said his un cle.“It ' s like theno rmal Olympics, but for 19where you n eed snow ski jump ing, bobsleigh（長橇）,those sorts of thi ngs. They20it every four years. ”Afel fou nd ou

10、t that the next Win ter Olympics would be in Beiji ng, in 2022.“ Perfect, ” he thoughbugh “ EMfor me to become a brillia nt skier.”“ But there ' s no snow here! ” people told him.“Where are yoAfgloing to ski?22 them. He made himself a pair of skis from two pieces of wood. He tied them to his fee

11、t and practised skii ng 23 two sticks in his han ds. He practised aga in and aga in un til he could 24 quite quickly across the sand. He 25 to fly down the hills like the people on TV, but he couldn ' t.“ Never mind, ” he thought. 26 ' s-a“ Howwill you go to the Olympics? ” people asked him.

12、 “ Ouicountry doesn 't27 have a team that goes to the Win ter Olympics. We have good runners and win lots of medals at the Olympics. But no skiing, no.28Afel didn ' tSo every night, out in the middle of the desert, Afel now practises skiing down sand hills. He 29 that the yellow sand and bro

13、w n earth are as gold as the medal he will bring home with him, whe n he is the 30.11AdrawingB playingCdancingDhiking12AannounceB stressCconcludeDexplain13AmindB respondCunderstandDregret14AinterestB concernCpatienceDconfidence15AwalkingB ridingCrunningDflying16AstrongB strangeCfashionableDcomfortab

14、le17ApolitelyB hopefullyCexcitedlyDnervously18ApromisedB claimedCagreedDdecided19AprojectsB fieldsCsportsDcourses20AgainB haveCacceptDmark21AtimeB energyCexperienceDdetermination22AavoidedB ignoredCcorrectedDcriticized23ApushingB pullingCholdingDwaving24ArollB marchCjumpDmove25AneededB preparedCpret

15、endedDattempted26AstartB chanceCsolutionDstrategy27AevenB oftenCshortlyDfinally28ArefuseB inquireCcareDcomplain29AdreamsB predictsCassumesDrealizes30AauthorityB championCgeniusDcelebrity第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)， 40 分） 第一節(jié)（共 15小題；每小題 2 分，共 30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A 、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并 在答題卡上將該項涂黑。If you' rlookin

16、g to buy a gift for your children, why not keep up with the trend and get the best hoverboard?What is a Hoverboard?A hoverboard is a two-wheeled pers onal tran sportati on device. It ' electrical, portable and became highly popular in 2015 in referenee to a popular 1980' movie. Typically, th

17、is self-balancingdevice operates like a powered skateboard.hoverboardHow Does a Hoverboard Work?The device may have many desig ns, but the mecha nism itself isn ' complicated. Basically, a sta ndard hoverboard contains:? Battery: stores the electrical power. Almost all hoverboards use a high-wat

18、t lithium-ion battery.? Gyroscope (one for each wheel): allows riders to tilt (傾斜)the hoverboard while mai ntai ning bala nee and adjusti ng their directi on.? Motor (one in each wheel): provides the power to the wheels to keep the rider bala need and upright.? Logic board: fun cti ons as the hoverb

19、oard brain .It processes dat your speed, tilt, etc. and sends information to the motors. This unit controls the power of the board so riders can adjust their speed.All the above components work together to control the power and tilt of the hoverboards so the rider is bala need, upright and moving at

20、 a con trolled speed.Why Buy a Hoverboard?Undoubtedly, hoverboards are cool. You' vqorobably seen kids riding one around the house.They' re phenomenon and everybody wants in. So, why deny your kids and prevent them from being part of this trend?Where is a hoverboard legal?Despite their wild

21、popularity, hoverboards have yet to become “ streefegal ” Currently, some places prohibit anyone under 16 from using these devices, and hoverboards are banned in academic institutions and public places, like campus build in gs, parks, shopp ing malls and subway stati ons. Some places have also put s

22、peed limits on the devices and restricted their use to bike paths. However, open areas in cludi ng your yardare free of these restrictio ns.31. The logic board of a hoverboard can .A store electricityB power the wheelsC send information to the ridersD receive data and give command32. According to th

23、e passage, a hoverboard can be used .A on campusBin parksC on bike pathsDin shopping malls33. What is the main purpose of this passage?A To evaluate a gifts qual'ity.B To recommend a gift choice.C To compare new hoverboard models.D To clarify functions of the latest hoverboards.BGrowing up, Deka

24、 Ismail says she let labels define what she could be. “Iwas a black girl, from a refugee （難民） family, ” Deka said. “It was as if I was only allowed to explore in this predetermined box. ”After a high school chemistry class inspired her to think about a career in science and gave her confidence in th

25、e field, Deka learned to live outside labels and began making big plans for her future. Now she is about to begin her freshman year at the University of California, planning to become a professor.Born and raised in San Diego's City Heights unrehioghobd,oDeka is the daughterof a Somali refugee co

26、uple. While some might say Deka' s success happened in spite ofher background, she would say differently, that her experiences shaped her and inspired her to be the driven, young scientist that she is today.When Deka was eight years old, her mother got a job by studying hard back in school in or

27、der to support the whole family. That made Deka realize that education could make a difference to oneS'hesslpifen. t a lot of time in the library reading books,and didn 'dto many of the things her peers did, like partying or having romantic relationships.“ I always felt like I had to be the

28、perfect girl for my family, Deka said. “ You h”ave to not even do your best but two times better than everyone else. I felt like the whole world was waiting for me to mess up.”Deka' s efforts paid off. The summer before her senior year of high school, she was accepted to the America n Chemical S

29、ociety Project SEED Programme “ She)rought both enthusiasm and focus, 'Botham, a researcher at this research institute, recalled.She arrived every day ready to work, ready to lear n and ready to tackle new challe nges regardless of whether or not be had done anything similar.”When asked what adv

30、ice she would give to others like her, Deka warned them notto underestimate themselves. “ Don' tell yourself that scholarship is too big or thisprogramme is too competitive or Ill n ever get into this scho.osaid.I was not英語 第 7 頁（共 12 頁）sure whether I could make it un til I started see ing the a

31、ccepta nee letters rolli ng in.34. From the passage, we can learn that.A. Deka was adopted by a refugee familyB. Deka spe nt a lot of time going to partiesC. Deka became a professor after graduati onD. Deka'sexperie nces drove her to work hard35. Deka realized the importanee of education.A. from

32、 her mother ' s experienee B. after her chemistry classC. by reading books in the library D. through working at the institute36. According to the last paragraph, Deka advised that students be.A. patie ntB. con fide ntC. ambitiousD. gen erous37. What does the story intend to tell us?A. Life is no

33、t all roses.B. Practice makes perfect.C. Well begun is half done.D. Hard work leads to success.A group of blue-faced birds step through the grass shoulder to shoulder, red eyes look ing around. They look like middle schoolers seeking a cafeteria table at lunchtime. Perhaps they ' re not so diffe

34、rent.A new study, led by Damie n Fari ne, an orn ithologist who studies collective behaviour, showsthat the vulturi ne guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies. In the past, scientists assumed such social structures required a lot of brainpower. But the pea-brained guinea

35、fowl are revealing the faults in that assumption.These large birds wander across the landscape in packs, often walking so closely that their bodies touch. They may fight each other to maintain their strict hierarchies （等級制 度 ）, but at other times they engage in friendly behaviours like sharing food.

36、Suspecting the guineafowl might have a social structure, Dr. Farine and his colleaguesbegan a thorough study of their society. For a whole year, they made daily observations of 441 birds. Coloured leg bands in unique combinations let researchers tell the black-and-blue birds apart. They also attache

37、d GPS devices to the backs of 58 birds, which let them see exactly where every group went, 24 hours a day.The findings of the research suggest that the vulturine guineafowl have a multilevel society. There are groups within groups within the population as a whole. There even seem to be groups of fri

38、ends within the small groups. This is the first time anyone has observed such a society in a bird.And Dr. Farine emphasizesthis particular bird 'tisny brain size: “ Theydon'ot nly have small brains relative to mammals （哺乳動物 ）, they also have quite small brains relative to other birds,” he sa

39、id.According to him, living in this kind of society might actually make it easier to keep track of the social order. For example, if groups are stable and a bird can identify just one or two individuals within a group, it knows which group itno'nseelodofkoinr ga at brain that can recognize every

40、 single animal. Multilevel societies also let animals adjust their group sizes based on whatever challenges they ' rfeacing. Depending on what enemies or resources are around, it might make sense to travel in a combined group rather than a smaller one.“ Having a multilevel structure may not requ

41、ire having a large brain,” Dr. FarThere may be more birds and other animals out there that, although small-brained, have societies as many-leveled as our own.38According to the passage, what inspired Dr. Farine to carry out the study? A The guineafowl's social behaviour. B Previous assumptions a

42、bout birds. C His interest in animal brainpower.D The faults in earlier research.英語 第 # 頁（共 12 頁）39What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?AThe research subjects.BThe research methods.CThe research findings.DThe research equipment.40What can be learned from the passage?A Complex social systems can be a dis

43、advantage to the guineafowl.BThe guineafowl are good at recognizing individuals in a group.C Birds maintain social order by travelling in combined groups.D Small-brained animals can form multilevel societies. 41What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo present the findings of a study of the guinea

44、fowl.BTo explain the interaction patterns in multilevel societies.CTo introduce a new approach to observing the guineafowl.DTo uncover clues about how complex societies are formed.DFor several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funde

45、d by those whose interests and ideologies are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things.Stressing successesisn 'wt rong, but for many people it 'nsot persuasive.

46、An alternative answer to the question “ Whytrust science? ”is that scientists use the so-called scientific method. If you' ve got a high school science textbook lying around, you' ll probably find that answer in it. But what is typically thought to be the scientific method develop a hypothes

47、is（假設）,then design an experiment to test it isn ' t what scientists actually do. Science is dynamic: new methods get invented; old ones get abandoned; and sometimes, scientists can be found doing many different things.If there is no identifiable scientific method, then what is the reason for tru

48、st in science? The answer is how those claims are evaluated. The common element in modern science, regardless of the specific field or the particular methods being used, is the strict scrutiny （審查） of claims. It 's this tough, sustained process that works to make sure faulty claims are rejected.

49、 A scientific claim is never accepted as true until it has gone through a lengthy “peereview ”becausethe reviewers are experts in the same field who have both the right and the obligati on（責任）to find faults.A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively. No claim gets accepted u

50、n til it has bee n vetted by doze ns, if not hun dreds, of heads. In areas that have bee n con tested, like climate scie nee and vacc ine safety, it' s thousa nds. This is why weare gen erally justified in not worryi ng too much if a si ngle scie ntist, eve n a very famous one, disagreeswith the

51、 claim. And this is why diversity in scienee the more people look ing at a claim from differe nt an gles is importa nt.Does this process ever go wrong? Of course. Scientists are humans. There is always the possibility of revis ing a claim on the basis of new evide nee. Some people argue that we shou

52、ld not trust scienee becausescientists are “ alwayschanging their min ds. ” While examples of truly settled scie nee being overtur ned are far fewer tha n is sometimes claimed, they do exist. But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appear paradoxical （矛盾的）:

53、that scienee produces both no velty and stability. Scien tists do cha nge their minds in the face of new evide nee, but this is a stre ngth of scie nee, not a weak ness.42. How does the author think of the scientific method?A. Stable.B. Persuasive.43. What does the underlined wordA. Expla in ed.B. E

54、xam in ed.C. Un reliable.D. Un realistic.vetted ” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?C. Repeated.D. Released.英語第#頁（共12頁）44. According to the passage, the author may agree thatA. it is not persuasive to reject those faulty claimsB. settled scie nee tends to be collectively overtur nedC. a lead ing expert c

55、annot play a decisive role in a scrut inyD. diversity in kno wledge is the com mon eleme nt in scie nee45. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Put Your Faith in ScienceB. Defend the Truth in Scie neeC. Apply Your Mind to ScienceD. Explore A Dyn amic Way to Scie nee第二節(jié)（共

56、5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項 中有兩項為多余選項。An in terview is a discussi on with some one in which you try to get in formatio n from them. 46 There are three basic sub-types of in terview: structured in terviews, un structured in terviews and semi-structured in terviews.47In cide ntally, “bspondenf and informa nt ” are words that are sometimes used in stead of interviewee”.A great deal is provided by this pers onal con tact: you are ano ther huma n being, and in terviewees will resp ond to you, in bodily prese nee, in